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Öğe EVALUATION OF SERUM LEVELS OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS (IgA, IgE, IgG, IgM), COMPLEMENTS (C3, C4) AND C-REACTIVE PROTEIN IN BLADDER CANCER: A CONTROLLED PROSPECTIVE CLINICAL TRIAL(Aves, 2005) Kilic, Suleyman; Bayraktar, Mehmet; Bayraktar, Nihayet; Ergin, Huseyin; Beytur, Ali; Egri, MucahitIntroduction: During the management of a patient with bladder cancer, the aim of a clinician is to diagnose the tumor with a most sensitive and least invasive method. Cystoscopy and urine cytology are standard practice in following these patients; however, cystoscopy is invasive, and urine cytology has low sensitivity. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of the humoral immunity in the bladder cancer patients by means of measuring serum levels of immunoglobulins, complements and Creactive protein pre and postoperatively compared with controls. Materials and Methods: Blood and urine samples were taken from both tumor and control patients preoperatively and from only tumor patients at postoperative 1 and 3 months. Urine samples were examined immediately for microscopic examination and culturing. Serum samples were stored at -80 degrees C in a deep freeze till processing and assessed blindly by same person at the end of the study. Patients who preoperatively received intravesical BCG instillation therapy, radiotherapy or chemotherapy for their bladder carcinoma diseases were not included in tumor group. Patients who underwent a transurethral procedure for a nonneoplastic genitourinary disease and did not have any documented cancer, served as controls. Results: Mean ages of tumor (20 pts; 1 female, 19 males) and control (41 pts; 3 females, 38 males) patients were 64.2+/-9.9 and 63.7+/-8.9, respectively (p=0.846). All tumor patients completed 3 months of follow-up. There was no statistical difference in urinary infection incidences between tumor and control groups. Serum IgA, IgE, IgG, C3 and CRP levels were statistically significantly higher in tumor group than in control group, while lower C4 and indifferent IgM levels were present in tumor group compared to control. However following tumor resection, all of them decreased very significantly. All serum levels, except C4, of 6 patients with visible tumor in their bladders at postoperative 3rd month were similar to those of tumor-negative patients. Although preoperative high levels of IgA, IgE, IgG, C3 and CRP appeared as sensitive, specific and predictive in primary bladder tumor diagnosis, post-treatment levels of any of those above were not found as useful in follow-up, suggesting that these were not diagnostic and prognostic parameters for bladder tumor. No correlation was established between infection and serum levels in both groups since there were not statistically significant differences in serum immunoglobulins, complements and CRP levels between the patients with and without urinary infection in each group. Pathologic stage and grade of the tumor did not correlate with immunoglobulin and C4 levels. However, there was a significant positive correlation between stage and C3 or CRP. There were no differences between the 3rd month serum levels of patients who took no therapy (6 pts) or chemotherapy (5 pts) or intravesical BCG (9 pts) after resections, except C4 which was higher in patients who took chemotherapy than in those who took BCG. Conclusion: Although serum immunoglobulins, complements and CRP appear to be nondiagnostic for primary bladder carcinoma, wider studies with longer follow-up and higher patient population are necessary for more definitive conclusions.Öğe Iodine deficiency in pregnant women in eastern Turkey (Malatya Province): 7 years after the introduction of mandatory table salt iodization(Cambridge Univ Press, 2009) Egri, Mucahit; Ercan, Chan; Karaoglu, LeylaObjective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the Urinary I excretion of pregnant women in Malatya Province, eastern Turkey. Design and setting: A cross-sectional study Was performed on pregnant women in Urban and rural settlements of Malatya Province. Subjects: Urinary I excretion Was measured for 824 pregnant women who were randomly selected using a probably-proportional-to-size sampling methodology. Results: Median urinary I concentration (UIC) of pregnant women was 77.4 mu g/l. The percentage of pregnant women with UIC below 100 mu g/l was 83.3. Conclusion: These results indicate that I deficiency disorders (IDD) is still a problem in Malatya Province and most certainly in other parts of the country. Proper monitoring of I content of the salt sold or used in the area, in order to strengthen the IDD intervention programme, is suggested.Öğe Less Prevalent Alcohol Use Disorders Among Turkish Psychiatric Outpatients(Universitatsverlag Ulm Gmbh, 2009) Ozcan, Mehmet Erkan; Egri, Mucahit; Cumurcu, Birgul ElbozanAim: This study aimed to assess the frequency of problem drinking among outpatients who were seen at a general psychiatry outpatient clinic of a university hospital located in the province of Malatya, eastern Turkey. Methods: Five-hundred and seven patients between 17-72 years old were interviewed in a 6 months period. The mean age was 35.8 +/- 12.4 years, and 72.2% of the sample was female. Patients who were diagnosed with one of the following disorders were included: anxiety disorders (n=287), major depressive disorder (n=110), and somatoform disorders (n=110). Comorbidities with other DSM-IV Axis-1 disorders were excluded. Patients with other psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and psychoses, bipolar disorders, primary alcohol and substance use disorders, and sexual function disorders were seen at separate, specialized outpatient clinics. Results: Overall, 19.8% of respondents reported alcohol use in the past year with significant differences in prevalence rates by gender; 41.7% among males and 11.5% among females (chi(2) =57.55, p<0.0001). The frequency of alcohol use (p=0.86), or family history of alcohol intake (p=0.22), or problem drinking (p=0.07) was not significantly different among patient groups. None of patients with somatoform disorders had problem drinking. Conclusion: Both alcohol use, and problem drinking frequencies were lower than the results of the studies from other countries. These results might be impaired, since the majority of patients was female. Problem drinking and subjects with a positive CAGE score were more common among males aged 40-54 years.Öğe The prevalence of nutritional anemia in pregnancy in an east Anatolian province, Turkey(Bmc, 2010) Karaoglu, Leyla; Pehlivan, Erkan; Egri, Mucahit; Deprem, Cihan; Gunes, Gulsen; Genc, Metin F.; Temel, IsmailBackground: Anemia is considered a severe public health problem by World Health Organization when anemia prevalence is equal to or greater than 40% in the population. The purpose of this study was to determine the anemia prevalence with the associated factors in pregnant women and to determine the serum iron, folate and B12 vitamin status in anaemic pregnants in Malatya province. Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey. A multi-sage stratified probability-proportional-to-size cluster sampling methodology was used. A total of 823 pregnant women from sixty clusters were studied. Women were administered a questionnaire related with the subject and blood samples were drawn. Total blood count was performed within four hours and serum iron, folate and B12 vitamin were studied after storing sera at -20 C for six months. Results: Anemia prevalence was 27.1% (Hb < 11.0 gr/dl). Having four or more living children (OR = 2.2), being at the third trimester (OR = 2.3) and having a low family income (OR = 1.6) were determined as the independent predictors of anemia in pregnancy. Anemia was also associated with soil eating (PICA) in the univariate analysis (p < 0.05). Of anaemic women, 50.0% had a transferrin saturation less than 10% indicating iron deficiency, 34.5% were deficient in B12 vitamin and 71.7% were deficient in folate. Most of the anemias were normocytic-normochromic (56.5%) indicating mixed anemia. Conclusions: In Malatya, for pregnant women anemia was a moderate public health problem. Coexisting of iron, folate and B vitamin deficiencies was observed among anaemics. To continue anemia control strategies with reasonable care and diligence was recommended.Öğe Publication Pattern of Turkish Medical Theses: Analysis of 22.625 Medical Theses Completed in Years 1980-2005(Ortadogu Ad Pres & Publ Co, 2011) Ozgen, Unsal; Egri, Mucahit; Aktas, Mumtaz; Sandikkaya, Ayse; Ozturk, O. Faruk; Can, Sermet; Ozcan, CemalObjective: The objective of this study was to determine the conversion rates of Turkish residency theses to scientific articles. Material and Methods: 22.625 residency theses written at 28 university hospitals, nine state hospitals and two military hospitals' residency programmes and recorded at the web of National Thesis Center were searched through Web of Science in order to evaluate their publication pattern in SCI-expanded journals in 1980-2005. Results: The number of published thesis at SCI expanded journals was found to be 1397 (6.2%) with the median number of citations received per paper ranging from 0.3 to 5.0. Publication percentage was highest for theses written at military hospitals and lowest for those written at state hospitals. Conclusion: Percentage of published thesis in Turkey is lower when compared to the remaining European Countries. Therefore, we need alternative practices to use our manpower, time and financial resources more effectively. The first alternative is to put an end to the obligation to write thesis in order to complete residency training in some types of hospitals or to convert this obligation to an option. Another alternative is to establish a National Thesis Advisory Center and make it essential to get approval from this center in order to conduct a thesis project.Öğe The relationship between terrorist activities and cases of malaria in the eastern and south-eastern regions of Turkey, 1984-1998(Elsevier Science Inc, 2008) Cetin, Ilhan; Egri, Mucahit; Celbis, Osman; Toprak, Sadik; Ozag, KadirThe objective of this study was to determine whether cases of malaria are related to terrorist activities that have occurred in the eastern and south-eastern regions of Turkey. Some of the determinants related to malaria have been investigated using a national dataset for 11 provinces located in these regions of Turkey. In these regions, both terrorist activity and cases of malaria were common from 1984 to 1998. A multiple regression technique was used to identify the variables that are significantly associated with cases of malaria. Annual incidence of malaria was chosen as the dependent variable along with three independent (explanatory) variables: annual number of terrorist incidences, people per healthcare technician and number of thick blood films per 100 000 people. Based on this analysis, it is determined that the annual number of terrorist incidences has been associated with the annual number of malaria cases in these regions of Turkey since the beginning of terrorist activity in 1984. (c) 2007 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
