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    Chronic and Acute Water-Soluble Microplastics Uptake and Effects on Growth and Reproduction of Daphnia magna
    (Springer Int Publ Ag, 2022) Gokce, Didem; Seftalicioglu, Merve Duygu; Erden, Busra Aksoy; Koytepe, Suleyman
    This study focuses on the evaluation of chronic and acute effects of the water-soluble microplastics polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polymethacrylic acid (PMA) on the growth and reproduction of Daphnia magna. Within the scope of this study, first of all, PVA and PMA microplastics structures were structurally, thermally, and morphologically characterized. The size distributions and dimensional stability of these structures were determined. Then, the microplastics structures, whose structural and dimensional properties were determined, were applied to the growth and reproduction environments of D. magna at different concentrations. The effects of these microplastics on survival parameters, population growth, morphometric data, and lethal concentration were evaluated through short (96-h) and long (21-day) term analyses. In the long-term study, reproductive strategies affecting population density were examined. Acute and chronic experiments were performed in parthenogenetic females. In chronic triplicate experiments evaluating the population structure from which the reproductive data were obtained, the male neonate was recorded only at a concentration of 5 mgL(-1) MP-PVA. Decreased lifespan, ephippium production, embryo development, immature eggs, sexual differentiation, and morphologic deformations have been observed in D. magna due to different concentrations of microplastics polymers exposures.
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    Synthesis of Cyclodextrin-Based Multifunctional Biocompatible Hydrogels and Their Use in the Prevention of Intrauterine Adhesions (Asherman's Syndrome) after Surgical Injury
    (Amer Chemical Soc, 2024) Erden, Busra Aksoy; Kurus, Meltem; Turkcuoglu, Ilgin; Melekoglu, Rauf; Balcioglu, Sevgi; Yigitcan, Birgul; Ates, Burhan
    Asherman's syndrome, which can occur during the regeneration of damaged uterine tissue after surgical interventions, is a significant health problem in women. This study aimed to acquire and characterize cyclodextrin-based hydrogels, which can be used to prevent Asherman's syndrome, and investigate their effectiveness with biomedical applications. A series of hydrogels were synthesized from the cross-linking of beta-cyclodextrin and different polyphenols with epoxy-functional PEG. Their chemical, physical, and biological properties were subsequently determined. The results demonstrated that the cyclodextrin-based hydrogels had a porous structure, high swelling ratio, good injectability, drug release ability, and antioxidant activity. Cell culture results illustrated that the hydrogels had no significant cytotoxicity toward L929 fibroblast cells. Considering all properties, the beta-CD-PEG-600-Ec hydrogel showed the most satisfactory properties rather than other ones. The potential of this hydrogel in preventing Asherman's syndrome was evaluated in a rat model. The results revealed that the beta-estradiol- and melatonin-loaded cyclodextrin-based multifunctional hydrogel group both structurally and mechanically showed an antiadhesion effect in the uterus and a therapeutic effect on the damage with the beta-estradiol and melatonin that it contains compared to the Asherman (ASH) group. This double drug-loaded hydrogel can be a promising candidate for preventing Asherman's syndrome due to its versatile properties.
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    The First Chalcone Derivatives of Valine-Based Spiro-Cyclotriphosphazenes: In Vitro Cytotoxic Properties, Molecular Docking and DNA Damage Mechanism Studies
    (Wiley, 2025) Yucel, Yunus; Seker, Ferhan Sultan; Erden, Busra Aksoy; Ozdemir, Mucahit; Tekin, Cigdem; Caliskan, Eray; Tekin, Suat
    Cancer treatment requires novel compounds with potent cytotoxic and genotoxic properties to effectively target cancer cells. In this study, new hybrid cyclotriphosphazene compounds were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for their biological activity. Cytotoxicity against A2780 and Caco-2 cancer cell lines was assessed via the MTT assay, while genotoxic effects at 60-70% cell viability were examined using the Comet assay. Apoptotic cells were identified through TUNEL analyses, and reactive oxygen species levels were measured. Results showed that these compounds significantly reduced cell viability through DNA damage mechanisms. At high doses (50-100 mu M), BV, BVK1, BVK2, and BVK4 decreased A2780 cell viability by 30-65%, whereas VPA had a milder effect (15-25%). In Caco-2 cells, viability was reduced by 10-35%. The compounds exhibited varying cytotoxicity across different cancer cell lines, reflecting cancer cell heterogeneity. Significant DNA damage, including changes in tail length, tail density, and tail moment, was observed in A2780 cells, confirming cell death via DNA damage. Molecular docking analyses further supported the potential of cyclotriphosphazene compounds (BV and BVK2) as targeted cancer inhibitors. Molecular docking revealed BVK2's high selectivity for Bcl-2, mutant p53, and VEGFR2. BVK2 and BV demonstrate strong binding affinities with key cancer-related targets, indicating their potential as multi-targeted inhibitors that regulate apoptosis, cell cycle control, and angiogenesis, making them promising candidates for targeted cancer therapy.