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    The effects of irradiation on the blood dynamics
    (Ios Press, 2009) Erkal, Haldun Suekrue; Karakoc, Yunus; Serin, Meltem
    Aim: The present study evaluates the effects of irradiation on the blood dynamics. Materials and methods: Thirty-six volunteers providing written consent participated. A blood sample was transferred into three tubes containing CPDA-1 solution while another blood sample was transferred into three tubes containing heparin. Each tube containing CPDA-1 solution was paired with another tube containing heparin. The first pair was not irradiated, not stored and analyzed immediately (Group 1). The second pair was not irradiated, stored and analyzed at seven days (Group 2). The third pair was irradiated, stored and analyzed at seven days (Group 3). The blood count was performed and the blood viscosity was determined. Results: The mean hemoglobin contents were 126 g/l for Group 1, 128 g/l for Group 2 and 129 g/l for Group 3. For the mean hemoglobin contents, the difference between Group 1 and Group 3 (P < 0.001) and Group 2 and Group 3 (P = 0.01) were significant. The mean red blood cell volumes were 81.8 fl for Group 1, 82.1 fl for Group 2 and 82.3 fl for Group 3. For the mean red blood cell volumes, the difference between Group 1 and Group 2 (P = 0.003) and Group 1 and Group 3 (P = 0.006) were significant. The mean blood viscosities were 2.2 mPa s for Group 1, 2.8 mPa s for Group 2 and 3.2 mPa s for Group 3. For the mean blood viscosities, the difference between Group 1 and Group 2 (P < 0.001), Group 1 and Group 3 (P < 0.001) and Group 2 and Group 3 (P = 0.004) were significant. Conclusion: The present study indicates that the recommended doses of irradiation for the blood products to be used in attempt to prevent the transfusion associated graft versus host disease leads to marked alterations in the blood dynamics and might decrease the viability of the red blood cells following transfusion.
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    Evaluation of Oxidant Injury Induced by Irradiation in Brain Tissues of Rats of Different Ages
    (Aves Yayincilik, Ibrahim Kara, 2009) Uyumlu, Ayse Burcin; Erkal, Haldun Suekrue; Batcioglu, Kadir; Serin, Meltem; Yucel, Neslihan
    Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the age-related changes of oxidative injury in the brain tissues of rats produced by radiotherapy that is widely used on cancer treatment. Study Design: Fifty-five male Wistar albino rats [ages of rats were 1, 4, 12 weeks (n=10) and 1 year (n=5)] were divided into four groups. Irradiation were performed on a Cobalt-60 unit using a single fraction of 8 Gy. The brain tissues were homogenized and divided into two portions. One portion was used for the measurement of the malondialdehyde (MDA). The other portion was used for the measurement of the protein concentration, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) enzyme activities. Results: The SOD activity decreased significantly in 1-week-old rats (p<0.05). The decreases in GSHPx and CAT activities were more obvious in 1-week and 1-year-old rats than that in others. No significant changes were observed in adolescent and adult rats. The MDA levels of all groups increased. The highest MDA levels were seen in 1-year-old rats (p<0.05). Conclusion: Ionizing radiation used in radiotherapy affected antioxidant systems and increased MDA levels. These changes were more in the 1-week and 1-year-old rats than in others. This can be due to incomplete development of many systems in newborn rats and the loss of physiological capacities associated with aging in 1 -year-old rats.