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    Comparison of propofol and ketamine + propofol in the induction of anaesthesia for caesarean section
    (1997) Aydin O.N.; Ersoy O.; Ersepciler M.; Esmaoglu A.; Tercan E.; Boyaci A.
    The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of propofol and propofol + ketamine in the induction of anaesthesia for caesarean section on cardiovascular system in addition to adverse effects on newborn and the mother. Forty parturients aged between 18-35 years of ASA I or II were included in the study. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups: Group I (n = 20) received propofol 2.5 mg/kg IV while Group II (n = 20) received ketamine 0.5 mg/kg IV + propofol 1.5 mg/kg IV. Systolic, diastolic and mean, arterial pressures (SAP, DAP, MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded before induction and Immediately, 3 and 10 minutes following intubation. The duration from anaesthesia induction to delivery (I-D), from uterine incision to delivery (U-D) and APGAR scores at the first and fifth minutes were recorded. Awareness and discrimination abilities of the parturients were tested during and after the procedures. MAP decreased significantly immediately after the intubation while significant increases were observed at the 3 and 10th minutes. Group II revealed haemodynamic stability following induction and significant increases were recorded following and 3 minutes after intubation. There was a negative correlation between APGAR scores and I-D and U-D. Groups did not show significant differences with regard to awareness and discrimination abilities. Ketamine + propofol group provided better cardiovascular stability and the APGAR scores were higher in this group although not significant statistically. Ketamine and propofol were concluded to lessen cardiovascular side effects and to be of benefit.