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Öğe Antioxidative effect of melationin, ascorbic acid and N-acetylcysteine on caerulein-induced pancreatitis and associated liver injury in rats(Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 2006) Esrefoglu, Mukaddes; Gul, Mehmet; Ates, Burhan; Batcioglu, Kadir; Selimoglu, Mukadder AyseAIM: To investigate the role of oxidative injury in pancreatitis-induced hepatic damage and the effect of antioxidant agents such as melatonin, ascorbic acid and N-acetyl cysteine on caerulein-incluced pancreatitis and associated liver injury in rats. METHODS: Thirty-eight female Wistar rats were used. Acute pancreatitis (AP) was induced by two i.p. injections of caerulein at 2-h intervals (at a total dose of 100 mu g/kg b.wt). The other two groups received additional melatonin (20 mg/kg b.wt) or an antioxidant mixture containing L(+)-ascorbic acid (14.3 mg/kb.wt.) and N-acetyl cysteine (181 mg/kg b.wt.) i.p. shortly before each injection of caerulein. The rats were sacrificed by decapitation 12 h after the last injection of caerulein. Pancreatic and hepatic oxidative stress markers were evaluated by changes in the amount of lipid peroxides measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) and changes in tissue antioxidant enzyme levels, catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Histopathological examination was performed using scoring systems. RESULTS: The degree of hepatic cell degeneration, intracellular vacuolization, vascular congestion, sinusoidal dilatation and inflammatory infiltration showed a significant difference between caerulein and caerulein + melatonin (P=0.001), and careulein and caerulein+L(+)ascorbic acid +N-acetyl cysteine groups (P=0.002). The degree of aciner cell degeneration, pancreatic edema, intracellular vacuolization and inflammatory infiltration showed a significant difference between caerulein and caerulein+melatonin (P=0.004), and careulein and caerulein+L(+)-ascorbic acid+N-acetyl cysteine groups (P=0.002). Caerulein-induced pancreatic and liver damage was accompanied with a significant increase in tissue MDA levels (P= 0.01, P = 0.003, respectively) whereas a significant decrease in CAT (P=.0.002, P=0.003, respectively) and GPx activities (P=0.002, P=0.03, respectively). Melatonin and L(+)-ascorbic acid+N-acetyl cysteine administration significantly decreased MDA levels in pancreas (P=0.03, P=0.002, respectively) and liver (P=0.007, P=0.01, respectively). Administration of these agents increased pancreatic and hepatic CAT and GPx activities. Melatonin significantly increased pancreatic and hepatic CAT (P=0.002, P=0.001, respectively) and GPx activities (P=0.002, P=0.001). Additionally, L(+)-ascorbic acid+N-acetyl cysteine significantly increased pancreatic GPx (P = 0.002) and hepatic CAT and GPx activities (P= 0.001, P= 0.007, respectively) CONCLUSION: Oxidative injury plays an important role not only in the pathogenesis of AP but also in pancreatitis-induced hepatic damage. Antioxidant agents such as melatonin and ascorbic acid+N-acetyl cysteine, are capable of limiting pancreatic and hepatic damage produced during AP via restoring tissue antioxidant enzyme activities. (c) 2006 The WJG Press. All rights reserved.Öğe Beneficial Effect of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) on Hepatocyte Damage Induced by Bile Duct Ligation: An Electron Microscopic Examination(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2010) Esrefoglu, Mukaddes; Ara, CengizRecently the authors have reported the potent beneficial effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on cholestatic oxidative liver injury induced by acute bile ligation in Swiss albino rats. Herein, they report the ultrastructural hepatocellular alterations induced by acute bile duct ligation and the effect of CAPE administration on these alterations. Bile duct ligation resulted in many degenerative changes, such as vacuolization, mitochondrial degeneration, endoplasmic reticulum dilatation, and lysosome accumulation within the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. Mitochondrial degeneration was also observed within the cytoplasm of the cells of biliary ductular epithelium. CAPE potentially protected the hepatocytes from the cholestasis-induced cellular injury.Öğe The Beneficial Effects of Pentoxifylline on Caerulein-Induced Acute Pancreatitis in Rats(Springer, 2009) Gul, Mehmet; Esrefoglu, Mukaddes; Ozturk, Feral; Ates, Burhan; Otlu, AliIn this study we aimed to investigate the effect of pentoxifylline on caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis (AP) by detecting oxidative stress markers and performing histopathological examination. Twenty-one adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups as follows: control, caerulein, and caerulein + pentoxifylline groups. Pancreatic tissues of rats from all groups were removed for light and electron microscopic examination and determination of oxidative stress markers. Pancreatic oxidative stress markers were evaluated by the measurements of malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and total glutathione (GSH). Serum amylase and lipase levels were determined spectrophotometrically. The pancreatic damage score was significantly increased (P < 0.005) in the caerulein group, whereas it was decreased (P < 0.05) in the caerulein+ with pentoxifylline group. MDA levels, CAT, SOD, GPx, and GSH activities were significantly altered (P < 0.05, P < 0.005) in the caerulein group and indicated increased oxidative stress. Oxidative stress markers were normalized with pentoxifylline administration. Caerulein administration resulted in significant increase (P < 0.05) in amylase and lipase levels; pentoxifylline reduced the levels of these enzymes. Pentoxifylline is potentially capable of limiting pancreatic damage produced during AP by restoring the fine structure of acinar cells and tissue antioxidant enzyme activities. We concluded that pentoxifylline may have beneficial effects in the treatment of caerulein-induced AP.Öğe Cell Injury and Death: Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense System: Review(Ortadogu Ad Pres & Publ Co, 2009) Esrefoglu, MukaddesCellular injury is defined as an alteration in cell structure or function resulting in stress that exceeds the compensatory ability of the cell. If the injury is severe enough, the cell suffers irreversible injury and dies. Cells death has historically been subdivided into necrosis and apoptosis. Actually, the simple apoptosis-necrosis classification does not adequately represent the complexity of cell death regulation. 'Autophagic cell death', 'mitoptosis', 'mitotic catastrophe'. 'anoikosis' and 'oncosis' are the other expressions rarely used in order to define different types of cell death. Some mechanisms of apoptosis and necrosis are related to the process mediated by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS, respectively). Mitochondria are strong producers of ROS and at the same time, particularly susceptible to the oxidative damage produced by their action on lipids, proteins, and DNA. To protect cells from the damage caused by free radicals and related reactants, organisms have evolved several defense mechanisms to remove ROS from the intracellular environment. When free radical generation exceeds the defense capabilities of the organism, molecular damage is sustained. As this damage accumulates, cellular function gradually declines, eventually leading to death of cells, organs and the organism itself. Oxidative damage has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a range of diseases and ageing. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging agents against the destructive actions of free radicals are of obvious interest. In this paper, cell death concepts, their molecular mechanisms, histopathological aspects of oxidative stress related cell injury and death, and cellular anti-oxidative defense systems were reviewed.Öğe Chanarin-Dorfman Syndrome: Clinical Features of a Rare Lipid Metabolism Disorder(Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc, 2009) Selimoglu, Mukadder Ayse; Esrefoglu, Mukaddes; Gul, Mehmet; Gungor, Serdal; Yildirim, Cigdem; Seyhan, MuammerChanarin-Dorfman syndrome (CDS) is a very rare neutral lipid metabolism disorder with multisystem involvement. In order to not underdiagnose the cases, screening of lipid vacuoles in neutrophils from peripheral blood smears in patients with ichthyosiform erythroderma is needed. Few case reports revealing ultrastructural findings of skin and especially liver in that disorder were observed. Here we discuss clinical and electron microscopic findings of two siblings with CDS.Öğe Comparative effects of several therapatic agents on hepatic damage induced by acute experimental pancreatitis(Springer, 2008) Esrefoglu, Mukaddes; Gul, Mehmet; Turan, FahriPurpose The prognosis of acute pancreatitis (AP) depends upon the degree of pancreatic necrosis and the intensity of multisystem organ failure. The liver contributes to the systemic manifestations of AP by releasing some cytokines. This study was undertaken to examine comparative effects of melatonin, antioxidant mixture containing L(+)-ascorbic acid and N-acetyl cysteine, pentoxifylline and L-arginine on hepatic damage induced by caerulein-pancreatitis. Results The liver specimens of all groups showed histopathological alterations such as hepatocyte necrosis, intracellular vacuolization, vascular congestion, sinusoidal dilatation and inflammatory infiltration. TEM studies revealed vacuole formation, mitochondrial degeneration, lysosome accumulation and necrosis. The mean histopathological score of the caerulein group was significantly different from that of each treatment group. Conclusion L-Arginine and antioxidant administration be important for reducing hepatic damage induced by AP. Improvement of hepatic damage, in turn, might be beneficial for the prognosis of AP.Öğe Comparison of the Protective Effects of Prostaglandin Analogues in the Ischemia and Reperfusion Model of Rabbit Eyes(Int Press Editing Centre Inc, 2009) Emre, Sinan; Gul, Mehmet; Ates, Burhan; Esrefoglu, Mukaddes; Koc, Bekir; Erdogan, Ali; Yesilada, ElifThis study was planned to investigate the neuroprotective potentials of three commercially available prostaglandin analogues (PGA), in the ischemia and reperfusion model (I/R). Thirty New Zealand rabbits were divided into 5 groups and except for the control group (non-ischemic, non-treated), 0.9% NaCl, bimatoprost, latanoprost, or travoprost were applied to both eyes of animals of the respective groups for 1 week. At the end of treatment, ischemia was induced in both eyes of the 4 treatment groups by anterior chamber irrigation of the animals for 60 min. Following 24 h reperfusion, the animals were sacrified. Enucleated eyes and retinal tissues were investigated by light microscopy, electron microscopy, immunohistochemicstry for retinal histopathology, intracellular and apoptotic cells and by retinal morphometry. Vitreous samples were biochemically investigated for probable role of reactive oxygen species, by measuring xanthine oxidase (XO) activity. Analysis of morphometric measurements and vitreous XO activity revealed significant differences between the PGA-treated groups and the NaCl-treated group (P<0.05). Similarly, apoptotic cell counts in different retinal layers showed that PGA-treated groups had fewer apoptotic cells in all retinal layers than the NaCl-treated ischemic group (P<0.05). PGA may have high protective potential for different retinal layers and cells. Biochemical analysis of vitreous showed that all PGAs decreased vitreous XO activity significantly compared to the NaCl-treated group (P<0.05). However we could not find any statistically significant differences among the analogues. PGAs may reduce the injury induced by I/R, through the inhibition of XO activity, and it seems that their effects are elicited through numerous pathways.Öğe The contradictory effects of nitric oxide in caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in rats(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2008) Ozturk, Feral; Gul, Mehmet; Esrefoglu, Mukaddes; Ates, BurhanThis study was planned to observe the effects of nitric oxide synthesis on the antioxidative defense enzymes and pancreatic tissue histology in caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis was induced by intraperitoneal injections of 50 mu g/kg caerulein, L-arginine used for NO induction and N-omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) used for NO inhibition. In the caerulein group acinar cell degeneration, interstitial inflammation, oedema and haemorrhage were detected. Pancreatic damage scores were decreased with both NO induction and inhibition (p<0.05). MDA, GSH-Px, CAT, GSH and SOD activities were significantly changed in the caerulein group and indicated increased oxidative stress. Both NO induction and inhibition decreased this oxidative stress. It is concluded that both nitric oxide induction and inhibition ameliorated caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis. The findings indicate that a certain amount of NO production has beneficial effects in experimental acute pancreatitis, but uncontrolled over-production of NO may be detrimental.Öğe Development of Liver and Pancreas(Bezmialem Vakif Univ, 2017) Esrefoglu, Mukaddes; Taslidere, Elif; Cetin, AsliThe parenchyma of the liver and pancreas is derived from the endoderm, whereas the stroma is derived from the mesoderm. Both of them are derived from the endoderm of the foregut as the esophagus, stomach, and a part of duodenum. At the 3rd-4th of development, the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts become diverticulum hepaticum that is derived from the caudal portion of the foregut. There were inductive effects of septum transversum and cardiac mesoderm for the development of liver diverticulum. The pancreas arise from the endoderm of the foregut. The pancreas is derived from the fusion of the ventral and dorsal pancreas bulbs, which arise from the endoderm of the duodenum. The inductive effects of the notochord and dorsal aorta play a role in the development of the pancreas. In this manuscript, we attempted to review the morphological and functional development of the liver and pancreas with the aid of pictures obtained from various stages of prenatal and postnatal development in the organs of rats.Öğe Development of Small and Large Intestine(Aves, 2017) Esrefoglu, Mukaddes; Cetin, AsliEpithelial components of the organs of the digestive system are derived from endoderm whereas connective tissue and muscle components are derived from mesoderm. At the 3-4th of development, as a result of cephalocaudal and lateral foldings of the embryo, a portion of the endoderm-lined yolc sac cavity is incorporated in the embryo to from the primitive gut. Primitive gut is composed of four main regions which are pharyngeal gut, foregut, midgut, and hindgut; respectively. Intestines are derived from foregut, midgut and hindgut. The development of the intestines is characterised by lengthening, widening, thickening, histological and positional changes. In this manuscript we tried to review the morphological and functional development of the small and large intestines with the aid of pictures obtained from various stages of prenatal and postnatal development the intestines of rats. Previous reviews lack of information on both histological and functional development of the small and large intestines.Öğe Development of the Esophagus and Stomach(Aves, 2017) Esrefoglu, Mukaddes; Taslidere, Elif; Cetin, AsliEpithelial components of the organs of the digestive system are derived from the endoderm, whereas connective tissue and muscle components are derived from the mesoderm. At the 3rd-4th week of development, as a result of cephalocaudal and lateral foldings of the embryo, a portion of the endoderm-lined yolk sac cavity is incorporated in the embryo to form the primitive gut. Primitive gut is composed of four main regions: pharyngeal gut, foregut, midgut, and hindgut. The esophagus and stomach are derived from the foregut. The development of the esophagus is characterized by lengthening, widening, thickening, and histological changes. The development of the stomach is characterized by widening, thickening, and histological changes as well as positional changes. In the present study, we tried to review the morphological and functional development of the esophagus and stomach with the aid of pictures obtained from various stages of prenatal and postnatal development of the organs of rats. Previous reviews lack information on both histological and functional development of the organs.Öğe The effect of adrenomedullin on rats exposed to lead(Wiley, 2008) Dogru, Mehmet Ker; Dogru, Arzu Kocagun; Gul, Mehmet; Esrefoglu, Mukaddes; Yurekli, Muhittin; Erdogan, Selim; Ates, BurhanAdrenomedullin (AdM) was originally discovered as a vasorelaxant peptide. The antioxidative properties of AdM have been reported recently. Through its antioxidative effect, adrenomedullin can protect organs from damage induced by stressors. Lead, commonly detected in air, soil, water and food, is a major source of oxidative stress. The effect of AdM in the liver of rats exposed to lead was investigated. Twenty-four female Wistar rats were divided into four groups: a control group (C), adrenomedullin group (AdM), lead (Pb) group and lead + adrenomedullin (Ph + AdM) group. In the Pb-treated groups, the animals were exposed to lead in drinking water containing 250 ppm PbCl2 for 4 weeks. In the AdM-treated group, the animals received an i.p. injection of AdM (3000 ng kg(-1) body weight) in the third week of lead treatment for I week. The activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the level of malondialdehyde (NIDA) were determined in the liver of rats. Histological changes in the liver were examined by light and electron microscopy as well. The NIDA levels were increased significantly in the Pb-treated groups, but in the Ph + AdM group the NIDA levels were decreased significantly when compared with the Ph group. AdM reduced hepatic damage in the Pb + AdM group, but the difference in the total histopathological scores between the Pb and Ph + AdM groups was not significant. When the results are taken together, it can be concluded that AdM may have protective or compensating effects in lead toxicity. Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Öğe Effect of resveratrol on tubular damage and interstitial fibrosis in kidneys of rats exposed to cigarette smoke(Sage Publications Inc, 2009) Kurus, Meltem; Ugras, Murat; Esrefoglu, MukaddesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of resveratrol on kidney tissue of rats exposed to cigarette smoke. Forty adult male Wistar Albino rats were divided into four groups. Animals in group 1 was the control group. For 6 weeks, group 2 was exposed to cigarette smoke; group 3 received daily intraperitoneal injections of resveratrol (10 mg/kg/d); and group 4 was exposed to both cigarette smoke and intraperitoneal resveratrol. All rats were sacrificed with cervical dislocation. The kidney tissues were obtained, fixed in Bouin's fixative and embeded in paraffin blocks. Samples were sectioned to 4-5 microns thickness, stained with hematoxylin/eosin (H/E), Masson's trichromic, periodic acid-schiff (PAS) and were examined by light microscopy for tubular injury and interstitial fibrosis. Results were compared by non-parametric tests. Hydropic degeneration, tubular atrophy, tubulo-interstitial fibrosis, interstitial cell infiltration, vacuolar degeneration and desquamation were prominent in group 2. In group 4, hydropic degeneration, epithelial cell vacuolization and desquamation was not observed, but occasional tubular atrophy and dilation were observed. Our study suggests that, some morphological alterations in the rat kidney, due to cigarette smoke may be prevented by resveratrol.Öğe The effects of adrenomedullin and methylated-adrenomedullin treatments on some antioxidative enzyme activities and malondialdehyde levels in rat liver(Federation Amer Soc Exp Biol, 2009) Yurekli, Muhittin; Esrefoglu, Mukaddes; Tumer, Nihal; Dogru, Ilker Mehmet; Gul, Mehmet; Dogru, Arzu; Yyldyrym, Nuran[Abstract Not Available]Öğe The effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester and melatonin on age-related vascular remodeling and cardiac damage(Wiley, 2011) Esrefoglu, Mukaddes; Gul, Mehmet; Ates, Burhan; Erdogan, AliOxidative stress has been implicated with cardiovascular aging. Most antioxidant intervention studies have involved long-term treatments as a potential means to eliminate age-related oxidative damage in many systems. In the present study, not only light and electron microscopic pictures of the heart and thoracic aorta of young and aged and, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and melatonin and administered aged Sprague Dawley rats, but also antioxidant system status was evaluated. Significantly elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were observed in the heart and thoracic aorta of aged rats (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). Chronic melatonin and CAPE administration significantly reduced the levels of MDA in the heart (P = 0.005 and P = 0.05, respectively) and thoracic aorta (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively) of aged animals. Additionally, melatonin and CAPE were efficient in stimulating the activities and increasing the levels of the antioxidant enzymes in the heart and aorta. Prominent electron microscopic alterations in cardiac myocytes such as nuclear irregularity, mitochondrial degeneration, myofilament disorganization and disruption, and lipofuscin accumulation were observed in aged rats. The main age-related histologic modifications observed in aorta were irregularity in endothelial cells and their nuclei, divergence of endothelial cells from basement membrane and neighboring cells, and elastic fibril fragmentation and reduction. Melatonin and CAPE obviously reduced these alterations in both heart and aorta of aged rats. Taking the results together, we suggest that supplemental administration of CAPE and melatonin is beneficial in delaying age-related cellular damage in cardiovascular system.Öğe The effects of pentoxifylline and caffeic acid phenethyl ester on TNF-? and lung histopathology in D-galactosamine-induced pulmonary injury in rats(Churchill Livingstone, 2023) Taslidere, Elif; Vardi, Nigar; Yildiz, Azibe; Ates, Burhan; Esrefoglu, MukaddesIn this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of pentoxifylline [PTX] and caffeic acid phenethyl ester [CAPE] in D-galactosamine [D-GAL]-induced pulmonary injury in rats. The rats were randomly divided into six groups: control, D-GAL, D-GAL+PTX, D-GAL+CAPE, PTX and CAPE. Each group included eight animals. Lung sections from the control, PTX and CAPE groups had a normal histological appearance. The D-GAL group showed histopathological changes in lung tissue, including haemorrhage, oedema, inter-alveolar septal thickening and widespread infiltration of inflammatory lymphocytes and macrophages. Administration of PTX and CAPE significantly reduced histopathological damage scores in the D-GAL+PTX and D-GAL+CAPE groups compared with the D-GAL group. PTX and CAPE treatment also significantly decreased malondialdehyde levels, increased levels of reduced GSH and increased catalase and superoxide dismutase activity in lung tissue samples. These results indicate that the destructive effects of D-GAL-induced inflammation in the rat lung are significantly reduced following administration of PTX and CAPE.Öğe An Experimental Study of the Histopathological Effects of Melatonin on Cyclosporin Induced Lung Damage(Bilimsel Tip Publishing House, 2008) Kurus, Meltem; Esrefoglu, Mukaddes; Otlu, AliIn recent studies, it has been reported that the widely used immunosuppressive agent, cyclosporine A (CyA), causes tissue damage and that free oxygen radicals play a role in this damage. Melatonin, which is the most important indoleamine released by the pineal gland, is a free radical scavenger and an antioxidant agent. In this study, we aimed to study histopathologically the probable positive effects of Melatonin on CyA induced lung tissue damage. Four groups, each with 8 rats, were used in this study: Group 1; control, Group 2; 4 mg/kg/day intraperitoneal (i.p.) melatonin, Group 3; 10 mg/kg/day subcutaneous (s.c.) CyA and Group 4; 4 mg/kg/day melatonin (i.p.) plus 10 mg/kg/day CyA (s.c.). The study lasted for 28 days for each group. At the end of this period, the rats were killed with lethal anesthesia. Their lungs were removed and embedded in paraffin blocks before being processed for microtome. The preparations were stained with Haematoxylene- Eosin (H-E), and Masson's trichrome dyes. Both control and Melatonin groups appeared normal. In the CyA group, congestion of the parenchyma,perialveolar edema, perivascular and peribronchial infiltration and thickening of interalveolar septum as a result of an increase in connective tissue were observed in the rat lungs. In the CyA plus melatonin group, histopathological findings were significantly milder than those of the CyA group. Furthermore, mild congestion and edema was encountered only in rare areas. It was concluded that CyA dependent damage may be reversible and that this damage may be significantly decreased by melatonin administration.Öğe The Histopathological Effect of Resveratrol in Thyroid Tissue of Rats Exposed to Cigarette Smoke(Ortadogu Ad Pres & Publ Co, 2009) Kurus, Meltem; Sogutlu, Gokhan; Firat, Yezdan; Esrefoglu, Mukaddes; Yologlu, Saim; Ozturk, Feral; Otlu, AliObjective: The aim of this study was to assess the histopathological effect of resveratrol in thyroid tissue of rats exposed to cigarette smoke. Material and Methods: Forty adult, male Wistar Albino rats were divided into four groups for an experiment of 6 weeks duration. Group I was the control group. Rats in group 2 were exposed to cigarette smoke only and rats in group 3 received daily intraperitoneal injections of resveratrol (10 mg/kg/d). Animals in group 4 were exposed to both cigarette smoke and intraperitoneal injections of resveratrol. Rats of all groups were sacrificed; their thyroid glands were removed and were examined histopathologically. Results: While the control group and the resveratrol group had normal thyroid tissue, in the group exposed to cigarette smoke there was a significant decrease in follicles and differentiation of epithelial cells from cubic to flat cells. There was intracytoplasmic vacuolization in some epithelial cells, irregularity in follicular cells decreasing area and cell infiltrations. On the other hand, we observed significant improvement in these histopathological differences in the group that was exposed to both cigarette smoke and resveratrol. Conclusion: Resveratrol has healing effects on the damage of thyroid tissue of rats that are exposed to cigarette smoke at a dose and duration tested in this study.Öğe Is It Possible to Diagnose Wilson Disease with a Piece of Skin?(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2009) Esrefoglu, Mukaddes; Gul, Mehmet; Seyhan, Muammer; Selimoglu, Mukadder AyseRenal, skeletal, cardiac, and ophthalmic involvement in Wilson disease (WD) is well known. In this case report, high copper content and ultrastructural findings of skin of a patient with WD accompanied by xerosis are presented.Öğe Melatonin and CAPE are Able to Prevent the Liver from Oxidative Damage in Rats: An Ultrastructural and Biochemical Study(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2012) Esrefoglu, Mukaddes; Iraz, Mustafa; Ates, Burhan; Gul, MehmetThe liver continuously produces free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) as part of metabolic process. These free radicals are neutralized by an elaborate antioxidant defense system consisting of enzymes and numerous nonenzymatic antioxidants like flavonoids. In this study, we have evaluated effects of melatonin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) to young and aged rat liver. Aging-related hepatic changes examined by light and electron microscopy and biochemical methods. Melatonin and CAPE decreased tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in aged rats. Melatonin elevated tissue glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and tGSH level, whereas CAPE elevated tissue catalase activity in aged rats. This study demonstrates that both melatonin and CAPE are beneficial in delaying age-related hepatocellular changes. Melatonin and CAPE supplementation in older ages may support liver to protect itself from various damaging agents including infectious agents and toxins.
