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    Current approaches to enteral feeding in preterm infants
    (Turgut Özal Tıp Merkezi Dergisi, 2016) Gökçe, İsmail Kürsad
    Abstract Preterm birth is the leading cause of perinatal morbility and mortality in developed countries. In the last few decades, there has been a significant increase in survival rate of preterm infants, especially of very low birth weight infants. Nutrition of preterm infants should result in growth similar to that of normally growing fetuses of the same gestational age. Unfortunately most preterm infants are not fed enough to achieve this objective; as a result, their growth is restricted by term gestation. This extrauterine growth restriction is particularly evident in infants with developing chronic lung disease, severe intraventricular haemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, or late-onset sepsis. In preterm infants enteral nutrition is the preferred mode of support while human milk is the preferred source of enteral nutrition. Breastfeeding is often the first choice due to its advantages to host defense, content of nutrients and digestion advantages, contribution to gastrointestinal function, neurodevelopmental benefits, advantages to the mother, and its role in reducing the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis. Hormones, growth factors, antiviral and anti inflammatory agents in mother’s milk reduce the possibility of sepsis and help maintain a healthy intestinal flora as well. However, for healthy growth of preterm infants, human milk needs to be supported with proteins and minerals. Human milk requires nutrient support to meet the protein and mineral needs of a healthy growing preterm infant. If feeding preterm infants with human milk is impossible or extremely limited, donor human milk or cow-milk-based formulas for preterm infants must be used. This review aims to provide current approaches to feeding in preterm infants. Keywords: Breastfeeding; Enteral Feeding; Newborn; Nutrition.
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    The effect of defect size on mortality and morbidity in patients withneural tube defect
    (2022) Turgut, Hatice; Özdemir, Ramazan; Gökçe, İsmail Kürsad; Kaya, Hüseyin; Önal, Selami Çagatay
    Aim: Neural tube defects (NTD) occur due to errors in the closing of neural canal in embryo. All over the world, the incidence of all forms of NTD varies between 1.4 and 2 in every 1000 live births. The aim of the present study was to investigate the short term prognosis, accompanying anomalies and complications in patients with NTD and to evaluate the relation between defect sizes. Material and Methods: Patients who applied to Inonu University Neonatology Department between January 2010 and December 2017 with the diagnosis of NTD and were operated on were included in the study. Babies who died within the first 24 hours were excluded from the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to the size of NTD; < 5 cm (Group 1) and ? 5 cm (Group 2). Approval for the study was obtained from local ethics committee. Results: Overall 133 infants were included in the study. Mean birth weight was 3155 ± 531 g and mean duration of pregnancy was on 38.1 ± 1.8 weeks. Of NTD’s 82% was located in lumbosacral region. 90.2% of the patients underwent operation within the first 24 hours. Parameters such as hydrocephalus, need for shunt, need for flap in tissue defects, the rate of postoperative complications, duration of hospitalization, mortality and the use of antibiotics were found to be at a higher rate in cases whose defect size was ?5 cm than in those whose defect size was < 5 cm (p < 0.005). Postoperative complications developed in 48.1% of the patients. The most common complications were observed to be cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage (24.1%) and bladder dysfunction (7.5%). Conclusion: In patients with NTD, as the size of the defect increases, additional interventions, complications, hospitalization rates and mortality increase as well. Therefore, it is recommended that health care personnel should take care against problems in the management of this group of patients and inform familes beforehand on these issues.
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    Neonatal COVID-19 case from Turkey; a Case report of neonatal
    (2020) Deveci, Mehmet Fatih; Gökçe, İsmail Kürsad; Özdemir, Ramazan
    The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by a new type of coronavirus that the Severe Acute RespiratorySyndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has affected nearly all countries worldwide. More than 5 million global cases have beenreported to date. As first the case was identified in China in December 2019; then Turkey started reporting cases in March 2020.SARS-CoV-2 is highly infectious and especially leads to morbidity and mortality in elderly and chronically ill patients. In children,fewer and milder infections have been reported. There are 3 cases reported in the neonatal period so far in the literature. We haveobserved that the literature does not contain any newborn cases reported from our country. We report the first neonatal case ofCOVID-19 from Turkey.