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Öğe Antioxidative effect of melatonin, ascorbic acid and N-acetylcysteine on caerulein-induced pancreatitis and associated liver injury in rats(Baishideng Publishing Group Co, 2006) Eşrefo?lu M.; Gül M.; Ateş B.; Batçio?lu K.; Selimo?lu M.A.Aim: To investigate the role of oxidative injury in pancreatitis-induced hepatic damage and the effect of antioxidant agents such as melatonin, ascorbic acid and N-acetyl cysteine on caerulein-induced pancreatitis and associated liver injury in rats. Methods: Thirty-eight female Wistar rats were used. Acute pancreatitis (AP) was induced by two i.p. injections of caerulein at 2-h intervals (at a total dose of 100 ?g/kg b.wt). The other two groups received additional melatonin (20 mg/kg b.wt) or an antioxidant mixture containing L(+)-ascorbic acid (14.3 mg/kb.wt.) and N-acetyl cysteine (181 mg/kg b.wt.) i.p. shortly before each injection of caerulein. The rats were sacrificed by decapitation 12 h after the last injection of caerulein. Pancreatic and hepatic oxidative stress markers were evaluated by changes in the amount of lipid peroxides measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) and changes in tissue antioxidant enzyme levels, catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Histopathological examination was performed using scoring systems. Results: The degree of hepatic cell degeneration, intracellular vacuolization, vascular congestion, sinusoidal dilatation and inflammatory infiltration showed a significant difference between caerulein and caerulein + melatonin (P=0.001), and careulein and caerulein + L(+)-ascorbic acid + N-acetyl cysteine groups (P=0.002). The degree of aciner cell degeneration, pancreatic edema, intracellular vacuolization and inflammatory infiltration showed a significant difference between caerulein and caerulein + melatonin (P=0.004), and careulein and caerulein + L(+)-ascorbic acid +N-acetyl cysteine groups (P=0.002). Caerulein-induced pancreatic and liver damage was accompanied with a significant increase in tissue MDA levels (P=0.01, P= 0.003, respectively) whereas a significant decrease in CAT (P=0.002, P=0.003, respectively) and GPx activities (P=0.002, P=0.03, respectively). Melatonin and L(+)-ascorbic acid + N-acetyl cysteine administration significantly decreased MDA levels in pancreas (P=0.03, P=0.002, respectively) and liver (P=0.007, P=0.01, respectively). Administration of these agents increased pancreatic and hepatic CAT and GPx activities. Melatonin significantly increased pancreatic and hepatic CAT (P=0.002, P=0.001, respectively) and GPx activities (P=0.002, P=0.001). Additionally, L(+)-ascorbic acid+N-acetyl cysteine significantly increased pancreatic GPx (P=0.002) and hepatic CAT and GPx activities (P= 0.001, P= 0.007, respectively). Conclusion: Oxidative injury plays an important role not only in the pathogenesis of AP but also in pancreatitis-induced hepatic damage. Antioxidant agents such as melatonin and ascorbic acid+N-acetyl cysteine, are capable of limiting pancreatic and hepatic damage produced during AP via restoring tissue antioxidant enzyme activities. © 2006 The WJG Press. All rights reserved.Öğe Evaluation of effectiveness and neurotoxicity of rasemic ketamine in rat sciatic nerve block model(Anestezi Dergisi, 2017) Aslan A.; Erdo?an Kayhan G.; Şahin T.; Gül M.Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of two different doses of racemic ketamine on block times in the rat sciatic nerve block model and to determine whether ketamine leads to nerve damage. Method: Sixty-four, Sprague-Dawley female rats were included into the study. Rats were anesthetized with ether and then the sciatic nerves were exposed by lateral incision on posterior approach. A total of 7 groups were formed, including Sham and Saline (0.2 mL saline) for the first step of the study. The other groups according to the test doses were: Group B (0.1 mL 05% bupivacaine+ 0.1 mL saline); Group K1 (0.1 mL ketamine 0.5 mg kg-1+0.1 mL saline); Group K2 (0.1 mL ketamine 1 mg kg-1+0.1 mL saline); Group BK1 (0.1 mL 0.5% bupivacaine+0.1 mL ketamine 0.5 mg kg'); Group BK2 (0.1 mL 0.5% bupivacaine+0.1 mL ketamine 1 mg kg-1). An investigator blinded to the groups evaluated the durations of proprioceptive, motor, and sensorial block. After neurobehavioral examinations, the sciatic nenes were removed on 8th days, and were analysed for perineural inflammation, or nerve damage. Results: Ketamine (0.5mg kg-1) combination with bupivacaine prolonged the durations of proprioceptive, motor and sensorial block about %4l, %23, %33 rates, respectively. Ketamine (1mg kg-1) combination with bupivacaine prolonged the durations of proprioceptive, motor and sensorial block about %45, %37, %31 rates, respectively. While sole injection of ketamine to the sciatic nerve did not develop motor block, it provided a shorter proprioceptive block than other groups, and a similar duration for sensorial block. It was seen that the changes in durations of block were not dose-dependent. There were no statistical difference between groups according to neurotoxicity. Conclusion: We believe that rasemic ketamine may be a good adjuvant in terms of sciatic nerve block, however further studies are needed in terms of safety and systemic side effects in humans, in spite of the positive results of our study.Öğe [Histopathology of strobilocercosis found in the livers of white mouse.].(2010) Aydin N.E.; Miman O.; Gül M.; Daldal N.The adult form of Taenia taeniaeformis is found in the intestine of the cat and cheetah. The larva form is called Strobilocercus fasciolaris and is found in rodents such as mice and rats. Our objective was to draw attention to that rare zoonosis, since it has already been reported in the literature as strobilocercosis in humans. During an experimental animal study conducted at Inonu University, some unexpected cystic formations were found in the livers of nine 6-8-month-old healthy white mice, which affected the conducted study negatively. These cystic formations were examined histopathologically. Prepared sections were stained with haemotoxylin eosin, periodic acid-Schiff and Masson trichrome stains, and examined by light microscopy. Strobilocercus fasciolaris larvae that curled towards cyst cavity and their hooks were seen. Plasma cells, macrophage, focus of eosinophilic infiltration and fibroblastic connective tissue were simultaneous found. In this paper, histopathological changes in intermediate hosts caused by Strobilocercus fasciolaris and other cestod larvae have been discussed.Öğe Improving effects of aminoguanidine on the histologic alterations in rat kidneys in diabetes(Turkiye Klinikleri, 2006) Vardi N.; Iraz M.; Gül M.; Öztürk F.; Uçar M.; Otlu A.Objective: This study was designed to investigate the improving effects of aminoguanidine on renal histological alterations in a streptozotocin (STZ)- induced diabetic rat model. Material and Methods: Fifteen Sprague-Dawley adult female rats were divided into three groups: control, diabetic (D) and diabetic treatment with aminoguanidine (DAG) groups. Experimental diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal dose of STZ (45 mg/kg). In the DAG group, AG was added in the drinking water (1 gr/L) after administration of STZ. This was maintained until the end of the study (for 8 weeks). At the end of the experiment, blood glucose levels were determined and after the routine tissue follow-up process, kidneys were embedded in paraffin. Histochemical and immunohistochemical stains were applied and the specimens were examined with light microscope. Results: After 8 weeks, the rats in diabetes group had significantly lower body weight and significantly higher blood glucose levels than the rats of control and DAG groups. The main histological changes resulting from diabetes were detected in glomerular and tübüler basal membrane and epithelial cells (glycogen accumulation, swelling and vacuolization). We observed the improving effects of aminoguanidine treatment on rat kidney. Conclusion: In conclusion, chronic administration of aminoguanidine reduced renal injury in STZ- induced diabetic rats. Therefore, we believe that aminoguanidine may be used to prevent development of diabetic renal damage. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms of the improving effect of aminoguanidine on diabetic complications. Copyright © 2006 by Türkiye Klinikleri.Öğe Quantifying the necrotic areas on liver tissues using support vector machine (SVM) algorithm and Gabor filters(2012) Özseven T.; Ertürkler M.; Nurmuhammed M.; Gül M.; Harputluo?lu M.Liver is a vital organ of a body that has numerous functions. Severe malfunctioning of these functions causes a liver necrosis. The diagnosis of this necrosis is performed by a specialist who uses appropriate microscopic analysis. However, because this analysis is based on specialist's opinion, the results could be subjective and error prone. The aim of this study is to quantify the hepatic necrotic areas using computer aided algorithms and provide quantitative results that are not prone to errors. © 2012 IEEE.Öğe Web based image processing application: Rating diabetes intensity(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2017) Gündüzalp V.; Talu M.F.; Gül S.; Zayman E.; Gül M.In this study, it is A web-based image processing software which has been introduced to process Immunohistochemical images obtaining in experimentally induced diabetic rats and rank the severity of diabetes between the groups. With the software, specialist physicians can upload Images obtaining in rat groups to the system via web on own account, obtain average color intensity and intensity graphs of groups after Determining the basic colors to be evaluated. The software eliminating the subjective evaluation contains mainly three phases in this study, Evaluation of each image content according to basic axes(Three-dimensional projection), Clustering of colors (Expectation maximization method) and Color-axis determination (Calculation of eigenvectors). As a result of, it can be considered that positive results obtained could stimulate Researchers to generalize of the proposed method. © 2017 IEEE.
