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Öğe Histopathological examination of acute appendicitis tissue in children during the COVID-19 pandemic(2022) Gürünlüoğlu, Semra; Gül, Mehmet; Akbulut, Ahmet Sami; Ateş, Hasan; Akpınar, Necmettin; Çin, Ecem Serbest; Kuştepe, Elif KayhanIn this study, we prospectively investigated the histopathological features of the removed appendix tissue in pediatric patients who were operated on with the preliminary diagnosis of appendicitis. A catarrhal appendicitis group (n=43), a phlegmonous appendicitis group (n=28), a gangrenous appendicitis group (n=19), a perforated appendi- citis group (n=35), and an appendicitis +COVID-19 group (n=7) were formed. The control group consisted of 21 children. A section of each patient's appendix tissue from the part with the highest diameter was taken for histopathological examination. The sections were routinely stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). The two patholo- gists evaluated all H&E sections in a light microscope. The evaluation results were analyzed statistically. No significant differences in age and gender were found between all groups. The results of neutrophil and lymphocyte counts in all tissue layers of all groups were significantly different. Neutrophil count in the mucosa and muscularis propria in the appendix tissues of the control group were found to be zero. Among all groups, the highest number of neutrophil counts in the mucosa and muscularis propria were found in the perforated group. Among all groups, the highest number of lymphocyte counts in mucosa and muscularis propria were found in the Covid-19 group. The mucosal erosion, intraluminal neutrophils, and reactive lymphoid hyperplasia were negative in all samples in the control group. Neutrophil accumulation in the mucosa and muscularis propria layers in appendix tissue together with other inflammation findings are important in the histopathological diagnosis of appendicitis. In patients with Covid-19 infection, appendicitis may occur, in which case, severe accumulation of lymphocytes appears in the mucosal layer in addition.Öğe Histopathological investigation of the effects of acombination of parenteral nutrition and hunger on rabbitsplenic tissue(2021) Gürünlüoğlu, Semra; Kayhan Kuştepe, Elif; Gözükara Bağ, HarikaAim: Parenteral nutrition (PN) is a life-saving practice when the use of the gastrointestinal tract is not possible. However, PN can cause a variety of complications despite its many benefits. In this study, we examined the histopathological effects of PN combined with hunger in the splenic tissue of rabbits.Materials and Methods: The rabbits were divided into four groups. The hunger + PN (PNH) group was completely starved and received the daily energy requirement with PN via an intravenous central catheter. The second group received enteral nutrition + PN (PNEN), wherein half of the required daily calories were provided through enteral nutrition, and the other half, through PN. A third group comprised semi-hungry (SH) rabbits that were provided only half the required daily calories by oral feeding.They did not receive PN. The last group was the control group. After 10 days, the rabbits were euthanized, and splenic tissue samples were collected from all the groups and examined histopathologically.Results: The histopathological examination for the PNH group revealed damage in the form of germinal center effacement, reduction of white pulp, congestion of red pulp, and decreased cellularity in the periarteriolar lymphoid sheath. Immunohistochemical examination revealed a significant increase in the apoptotic activity of the splenic tissues of this group. The corresponding findings were mild in the PNEN group, and no signs of damage were found in the other two groups.Conclusion: PN combined with hunger appears to cause damaging effects on splenic tissue in rabbits. Adding enteral nutrition to PN may reduce these effects.Öğe Malign Transformasyon GösterenDissemine Peritoneal Leiyomiyomatoz(ANADOLU KLİNİĞİ TIP BİLİMLERİ DERGİSİ, 2018) Gürünlüoğlu, Semra; Akpolat, Nusret; Kaplan, Nihal BozdağÖz: Dissemine peritoneal leiyomiyomatoz nadir bir hastalıktır. Peritoneal kavite boyunca multipl düz kas nodüllerinin varlığı ile karakterizedir. Dissemine maligniteleri taklit edebilir. Nadiren de malign transformasyon gösterebilir. Bu yazıda miyomektomi sonrasında selüler leiyomiyom tanısı alan 36 yaşında bir kadın hasta sunulmaktadır. Hasta, klinik takip sırasında tekrarlayan ve eksize edilen nodüllerin patolojik incelemelerinde peritoneal leiyomiyomatoz, sonraki nükslerde leiyomiyosarkom tanısı almıştır.Öğe Prognostic significance of poorly differentiated cluster grading system in intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma(2020) Gürünlüoğlu, Semra; Şamdancı, Emine Türkmen; Arslan, Ahmet Kadir; Akpolat, Nusret; Şahin, Nurhan; Gökçe, HasanAbstract: Aim: Gastric carcinoma is the fourth most common carcinoma worldwide. The relationships established between the tumor morphology and the prognosis have not been very effective until recent times. Poorly Differentiated Clusters (PDCs); are structures those can be easily identified in H&E sections. A new grading system based on PDC count has been studied in colorectal carcinoma; and found to be associated with prognosis. We have aimed to investigate this concept in gastric carcinoma. Material and Methods: Our study included 80 cases, consisting of 16 females and 64 males having gastric carcinoma with intestinal morphology. For each case; conventional grade, PDC grade and prognostic parameters to be applied in the study were determined, and statistically compared. Results: Significant discrepancy was found between the two grading systems. PDC tumor grades were statistically related to; median metastatic lymph node counts, metastatic lymph node ratios, lymph node stages (pN) and the presence of perineural invasion. Conclusion: In stomach carcinoma; PDC grading system was found to be related to a significant part of the expected parameters and may have a prognostic value.
