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    Curcumin, myrecen and cineol modulate the percentage of lymphocyte subsets altered by 2,3,7,8-Tetracholorodibenzo-p-dioxins (TCDD) in rats
    (Sage Publications Ltd, 2011) Ciftci, Osman; Tanyildizi, Sadettin; Godekmerdan, Ahmet
    The aim of this study was to investigate the toxic effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a persistent environmental pollutant, on the percentage of T-cell subsets and B-lymphocyte and effectiveness of curcumin, beta-myrcene (myrcene) and 1,8-cineole (cineol) on this toxicity in rats. Rats (n = 112) were divided randomly into 8 equal groups. One group was kept as control and given corn oil as carrier. TCDD was orally administered at the dose of 2 mu g/kg/week. Curcumin, myrcene and cineol were orally administered by gavages at the doses of 100, 200 and 100 mg/kg/day, respectively, dissolved in corn oil with and without TCDD. The blood samples were taken from half of the rats on day 30 and from the rest on day 60 for the determination of lymphocyte subsets (CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), CD161(+), CD45RA, CD4(+)CD25(+) and total lymphocyte). The results indicated that although TCDD significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the percentage of CD3(+), CD4(+), CD161(+), CD45RA, CD4(+)CD25(+) and total lymphocyte, it caused a significant increase in the percentage of CD8(+) cells. In contrast, curcumin, myrcene and cineol significantly decreased CD8(+) cells levels but increased CD3(+), CD4(+), CD161(+), CD45RA, CD4(+)CD25(+) and total lymphocyte cells populations. The beneficial effects of curcumin, myrcene and cineol and the toxic effects of TCDD were increased at day 60 compared to day 30. In conclusion, curcumin, myrcene and cineol showed immunomodulatory effects and eliminated TCDD-induced immune suppressive effects in rats.
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    Effects of formaldehyde inhalation on humoral immunity and protective effect of Nigella sativa oil: An experimental study
    (Sage Publications Inc, 2016) Sapmaz, Hilal Irmak; Sarsilmaz, Mustafa; Godekmerdan, Ahmet; Ogeturk, Murat; Tas, Ufuk; Kose, Evren
    Aim: This study was carried out to determine the effects of formaldehyde (FA) inhalation on the humoral immunity of rats and the protective effect of Nigella sativa (NS) oil. Materials and Methods: The rats (n = 33) were divided into five groups, with five animals in the control group (FA-free air) and seven in the other four groups. Group FA I was exposed to FA (5 ppm), group FA NS I was treated with NS and exposed to FA (5 ppm), group FA2 was exposed to FA (10 ppm), and group FA + NS2 was treated with NS and exposed to FA (10 ppm). At the end of a 4-week study period, blood samples were collected. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of serum total immunoglobulin A (IgA), total immunoglobulin M (IgM), total immunoglobulin G (IgG), and complement 3 (C3). Results: FA inhalation significantly increased serum IgA, IgM, and C3 levels and decreased serum IgG levels compared with the control group. NS administration decreased serum IgA, IgM, and C3 levels, which were induced by FA inhalation. Conclusion: FA inhalation significantly increased acute antibody responses and C3 levels in a dose-dependent manner compared with the control group. FA inhalation decreased the secondary immune response compared with the control group. Levels of acute antibody responses and complement following exposure to FA inhalation returned to normal following treatment with NS (immunoregulatory effect). However, NS did not affect the secondary immune response.
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    Pinealectomy alters IFN-? and IL-10 levels in primary thymocyte culture of rats
    (C M B Assoc, 2018) Sahin, Zafer; Sandal, Suleyman; Yilmaz, Bayram; Bulmus, Ozgur; Ozdemir, Gokcen; Kutlu, Selim; Godekmerdan, Ahmet
    Melatonin, produced mainly by the pineal gland, has an immunomodulatory role. However, the effects of the pineal gland and/or melatonin on thymus cytokine levels such as interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-10 are not well known. Twenty-one male Wistar rats (220-250 gr) were randomly divided into three groups (n=7): intact control, sham, and pinealectomy. Primary thymocyte cultures were prepared from each group and dispensed into well plates as Control, DMSO (or vehicle), Sham-pinealectomy, Pinealectomy, Pinealectomy+10 mu M melatonin, and Pinealectomy+100 mu M melatonin. IFN-gamma, IL-4, and IL-10 concentrations were measured in the thymocytes (as nonstimulated and Concanavalin A-stimulated) after 24 h. IFN-gamma levels significantly increased and IL-10 levels significantly decreased in both media prepared from pinealectomized rats. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of IL-4. In the pinealectomy+100 mu M melatonin group, IFN-gamma and IL-10 levels did not differ from the pinealectomy group. However, the dose of 100 mu M melatonin caused a decrease in levels of IFN-gamma in both thymocyte media and an increase in the concentration of IL-10 in Concanavalin A-stimulated thymocytes. In conclusion, pineal gland and or melatonin affect IFN-gamma and IL-10 levels in the thymus gland.
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    Pinealectomy alters ıfn-gamma and ıl-10 levels in primary thymocyte culture of rats
    (C m b assoc, 34 boulevard solferıno, 86000 poıtıers, france, 2018) Sahin, Zafer; Sandal, Suleyman; Yilmaz, Bayram; Bulmus, Ozgur; Ozdemir, Gokcen; Kutlu, Selim; Godekmerdan, Ahmet; Kelestimur, Haluk
    Melatonin, produced mainly by the pineal gland, has an immunomodulatory role. However, the effects of the pineal gland and/or melatonin on thymus cytokine levels such as interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-10 are not well known. Twenty-one male Wistar rats (220-250 gr) were randomly divided into three groups (n=7): intact control, sham, and pinealectomy. Primary thymocyte cultures were prepared from each group and dispensed into well plates as Control, DMSO (or vehicle), Sham-pinealectomy, Pinealectomy, Pinealectomy+10 mu M melatonin, and Pinealectomy+100 mu M melatonin. IFN-gamma, IL-4, and IL-10 concentrations were measured in the thymocytes (as nonstimulated and Concanavalin A-stimulated) after 24 h. IFN-gamma levels significantly increased and IL-10 levels significantly decreased in both media prepared from pinealectomized rats. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of IL-4. In the pinealectomy+100 mu M melatonin group, IFN-gamma and IL-10 levels did not differ from the pinealectomy group. However, the dose of 100 mu M melatonin caused a decrease in levels of IFN-gamma in both thymocyte media and an increase in the concentration of IL-10 in Concanavalin A-stimulated thymocytes. In conclusion, pineal gland and or melatonin affect IFN-gamma and IL-10 levels in the thymus gland.
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    Protective effect of curcumin on immune system and body weight gain on rats intoxicated with 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2010) Ciftci, Osman; Tanyildizi, Sadettin; Godekmerdan, Ahmet
    Material and methods: For this purpose, 128 3-4-month-old Wistar albino rats with 280-310 g body weights were used. The 2 mu g/kg dose of 2,3,7,8-TCDD and 100 mg/kg dose of curcumin were dissolved in corn oil and orally given to the rats found in the experimental and control groups. Then, the serum samples were taken from all rats at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days to analyzed for the determination of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-12 and IL-13 levels by ELISA method. The data of body weight gain was measured at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days. Results: The results indicated that 2,3,7,8-TCDD caused a significant increase (p < 0.05) in serum TNF-alpha level. However, it caused significant (p < 0.05) decreases in the levels of IFN-gamma, IL-12 and IL-13 in rats. On the contrary, curcumin increased IFN-gamma, IL-12 and IL-13 levels, but decreased TNF-alpha level in rats. Additionally, TCDD caused significant (P < 0.01) reductions in the body weight gain. However, curcumin reversed this effect of TCDD. Conclusion: 2,3,7,8-TCDD significantly suppressed the humoral immunity and body weight gain in rats at doses of 2 mu g/kg. However curcumin, which was found in some plants, eliminated the effect of TCDD on immune system and body weight when it was given together with 2,3,7,8-TCDD. It is thought that this effect may have occurred via curcumin and TCDD binding aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) competitively.