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    Correlation between intraocular pressure obtained with water drinking test versus modified diurnal tension curve measurement in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma
    (Springer, 2021) Firat, Penpe Gul; Dikci, Seyhan; Firat, Ilknur Tuncer; Demirel, Soner; Firat, Murat; Ozturk, Emrah; Gok, Zarife Ekici
    Purpose The aim of this paper was to study the correlation and agreement between the intraocular pressure (IOP) peak value and fluctuations detected with the modified diurnal tension curve (mDTC) and the water drinking test (WDT) in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (XFG) patients. Methods This prospective observational study enrolled 42 eyes of 42 XFG patients. The IOPs were measured at 2-h intervals from 8 am to 4 pm with a Goldmann applanation tonometer by a single observer to establish the mDTC. The WDT was then performed between 4 and 5 pm on the same day and the IOP was measured 4 times at 15-min intervals after water ingestion. The IOPpeak, IOPmean, IO (min), and IOPfluctuation were measured with both the mDTC and WDT. The paired sample t test, Spearman's correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman plots were used for statistical analysis. Results The mean age of the 42 patients consisting of 24 females and 18 males was 66.9 +/- 6.8 years, and the mean central corneal thickness was 517.7 +/- 29.1 mu m. The mean values with the mDTC and WDT measurements were 15.05 +/- 2.75 mmHg and 17.17 +/- 3.25 mmHg (p <= 0.0001, r = 0.884) for IOPmean, 16.76 +/- 3.45 mmHg and 18.92 +/- 3.94 mmHg (p <= 0.0001, r=0.787) for IOPpeak, and 13.61 +/- 2.56 mmHg and 15.11 +/- 2.84 mmHg (p <= 0.0001, r=0.824) for IOPmin, respectively, and a positive correlation was present between these values. Conclusion There was a positive correlation between the peak, minimum, and mean IOP values determined using the mDTC and WDT in treated XFG patients. WDT can be used as an alternative in the assessment of the IOP in these patients as a more practical method.
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    Effect of Fasting on Contrast Sensitivity in Healthy Males
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2019) Gok, Zarife Ekici; Gunduz, Abuzer; Cankaya, Cem
    Purpose: To evaluate the effect of fasting on contrast sensitivity (CS) in healthy male individuals during the month of Ramadan. Methods: This study included 45 healthy male individuals, aged between 20 and 40 years, working in the same environment. Functional acuity contrast testing (F.A.C.T) was performed using the Optec 6500 vision testing system. Measurements taken during a state of satiety one week before Ramadan were compared with those taken a minimum of 12 hours after the start of fasting in the first and fourth weeks of Ramadan. Results: Contrast sensitivity (CS) was increased at the spatial frequency of three cycles per degree (cpd) at the end of the first week of Ramadan in comparison to the CS measured before Ramadan (P = 0.03). The mean CS values were increased at the spatial frequencies of 3 and 12 cpd at the end of the last week of Ramadan in comparison to the mean values measured before Ramadan (P = 0.01 for both). Conclusion: Although we found statistically significant increases in CS at certain frequencies, we can conclude that Ramadan fasting has no negative effects on CS.
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    Evaluation of the effects of mono or combined use of topical antiglaucomatous drops on conjunctival flora and antibiotic susceptibility
    (Sage Publications Ltd, 2023) Gok, Zarife Ekici; Gunduz, Ayten; Bozguel, Penpe Guel
    Purpose: To evaluate the effects of mono or combined use of topical antiglaucomatous drops (AGD) on conjunctival flora and antibiotic susceptibility. Methods: The study group consisting of 84 glaucoma patients using AGDs and 32 healthy controls were evaluated. Groups were formed according to the use of 1, 2 and 3 AGDs. A swab was taken from the conjunctival sac from each patient and cultures were made. Patients with conjunctival hyperemia were classified according to their appearance. Results: The mean age was 58.61 +/- 14.55 years. Conjunctival culture positivity was 84.37%, 89.28% and 90.6% according to the use of 1, 2, and 3 AGDs, respectively, and it was 93.75% in the control group. Staphylococcus hominis (S. hominis) was statistically significantly higher in all glaucoma patients compared to healthy volunteers (p = .030). S. hominis was significantly higher especially in those using 2 (42.85%) and 3 (50%) AGDs, compared to those who received mono treatment (31.25%). Candida spp. was also significantly higher in glaucoma patients (p = .039). In patients with conjunctival hyperemia in glaucoma patients, the most common two bacteria were S. hominis (55.5%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) (33%), respectively. In the relationship between isolated bacterial species and conjunctival hyperemia grades, Bacillus spp. (p = .013) was statistically significant. In glaucoma patients, norfloxacin and erythromycin resistance were found to be statistically significantly higher compared to the control group (p = .01). Conclusion: Considering the statistically significant increase in isolates in all glaucoma patients, we suggest that more care should be taken in terms of infection in surgical procedures planned for glaucoma patients