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    Are there differences between Mediterranean diet and the consumption of harmful substances on quality of life?-an explanatory model in secondary education regarding gender
    (Frontiers Media Sa, 2023) Melguizo-Ibanez, Eduardo; Zurita-Ortega, Felix; Ubago-Jimenez, Jose Luis; Badicu, Georgian; Yagin, Fatma Hilal; Gonzalez-Valero, Gabriel; Ardigo, Luca Paolo
    BackgroundAdolescence is a key life stage in human development. It is during this stage of development that healthy and physical behaviors are acquired that will last into adulthood. Gender differences in the acquisition of these behaviors have been observed. This research aims to (a) study the levels of Mediterranean diet adherence, quality of life and alcohol and tobacco consumption as regarding the gender of the participants and (b) study the effects of the variable adherence to the Mediterranean diet, alcohol consumption and tobacco consumption on quality of life as a function of the gender of the participants.MethodsA non-experimental, cross-sectional, exploratory study was carried out in a sample of 1,057 Spanish adolescents (Average Age = 14.19; Standard Deviation = 2.87).ResultsThe comparative analysis shows that the male teenagers shows a higher Mediterranean diet adherence compared to the male adolescents (p <= 0.05) and a higher consumption of alcoholic beverages (p <= 0.05). On the contrary, adolescent girls show a higher consumption of alcoholic beverages than male participants (p <= 0.05). The exploratory analysis indicates that for boys, alcohol consumption has a beneficial effect on the quality of life of adolescents (beta = 0.904; p <= 0.001).ConclusionIn this case, participants show differences in the levels of Mediterranean diet adherence, consumption of harmful substances and quality of life according to gender. Likewise, there are different effects between the variables according to gender. Therefore, gender is a key factor to consider during adolescence.
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    Mediterranean diet adherence on self-concept and anxiety as a function of weekly physical activity: an explanatory model in higher education
    (Frontiers Media Sa, 2023) Melguizo-Ibanez, Eduardo; Gonzalez-Valero, Gabriel; Badicu, Georgian; Yagin, Fatma Hilal; Alonso-Vargas, Jose Manuel; Ardigo, Luca Paolo; Puertas-Molero, Pilar
    IntroductionScientific literature has now demonstrated the benefits of an active lifestyle for people's psychological health. Based on the above statement, the aim was to (a) evaluate and adjust a structural equation model containing the variables anxiety, self-concept, and Mediterranean diet adherence and (b) contrast the proposed theoretical model by studying the differences between the variables according to the level of weekly physical activity in a sample of 558 university students. MethodsA non-experimental, exploratory, cross-sectional investigation has been proposed. Instruments such as the PREDIMED Questionnaire, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and the Form 5 Self-Concept Questionnaire were used to collect data. Results and discussionThe results illustrate that students showing low adherence to the Mediterranean diet had higher levels of anxiety (M = 0.95) than those showing a high degree of adherence (M = 0.75). It is also observed that young people with a high degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet report higher scores in the different dimensions of self-concept compared to young people with a low degree of adherence. In conclusion, it is affirmed that young people who show a high degree of adherence to this dietary pattern show lower levels of anxiety and greater recognition of the different areas of their self-concept.