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    Comparison the serologic tests used in the diagnosis of brucellosis; brucellacapt, brucella coombs gel, and brucella coombs tube agglutination tests
    (2021) Tanriverdi, Elif Seren; Duman, Yucel; Gozukara Bag, Harika Gozde; Tekerekoglu, Mehmet
    Aim: Brucellosis is the most common bacterial zoonosis in the world and in our country. The definitive diagnosis of the disease is the isolation of the agent in culture, but in routine diagnosis serologic tests are mostly used. In the routine serological diagnosis of brucellosis, rose bengal, standard tube agglutination (STA) and coombs tube agglutination (CTA) tests were used. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Brucellacapt (BCAP) and Coombs Gel (CJ) tests by comparing with STA and CTA tests. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 samples (47 positive and 53 negative by CTA test) were included in the study between June 2018 and July 2019. Titters detected as ≥1 / 160 in STA, CTA, BCAP (METSER Brucella test with Coombs, Savas Medical, Istanbul), CJ (ODAK Brucella Coombs Gel test, Toprak Medical, Istanbul) tests were accepted as positive. Cohen kappa (κ) analysis was used to evaluate the consistency between the tests. Results: Out of 100 samples included in the study were found positive, 20 with STA, 48 with CAP and 53 with CJ tests, respectively. Among the 47 patients who were positive with CTA test, 44 were positive with BCAP and CJ tests, also 2 of them were negative with BCAP and 1 with CJ test. Among the samples found negative with the CTA test, 3 were found positive with BCAP and 7 with the CJ test. STA test was negative in 27 samples that were positive by CTA test. κ = 0.900 for CTA and BCAP, κ = 0.841 for CTA and CJ, κ = 0.860 for BCAP and CJ; showed a high level of agreement. The STA test showed a very low level of agreement with all three methods (κ = 0.440 for CTA with STA, κ = 0.426 for BCAP with STA, κ = 0.363 for CJ with STA). Conclusion: Compared to CTA testing, the applicability of BCAP and CJ tests is easier. Among the three tests, the CJ test gives the fastest results. In the serologic diagnosis of brucellosis, BCAP and CJ test can be used because of high compatibility with CTA test, and it is thought that the compatibility between the tests should be evaluated with more comprehensive studies.
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    Estimation of Obesity Levels through the Proposed Predictive Approach Based on Physical Activity and Nutritional Habits
    (Mdpi, 2023) Gozukara Bag, Harika Gozde; Yagin, Fatma Hilal; Gormez, Yasin; Gonzalez, Pablo Prieto; Colak, Cemil; Gulu, Mehmet; Badicu, Georgian
    Obesity is the excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in the body that leads to health risks. The study aimed to classify obesity levels using a tree-based machine-learning approach considering physical activity and nutritional habits. Methods: The current study employed an observational design, collecting data from a public dataset via a web-based survey to assess eating habits and physical activity levels. The data included gender, age, height, weight, family history of being overweight, dietary patterns, physical activity frequency, and more. Data preprocessing involved addressing class imbalance using Synthetic Minority Over-sampling TEchnique-Nominal Continuous (SMOTE-NC) and feature selection using Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE). Three classification algorithms (logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost)) were used for obesity level prediction, and Bayesian optimization was employed for hyperparameter tuning. The performance of different models was evaluated using metrics such as accuracy, recall, precision, F1-score, area under the curve (AUC), and precision-recall curve. The LR model showed the best performance across most metrics, followed by RF and XGBoost. Feature selection improved the performance of LR and RF models, while XGBoost's performance was mixed. The study contributes to the understanding of obesity classification using machine-learning techniques based on physical activity and nutritional habits. The LR model demonstrated the most robust performance, and feature selection was shown to enhance model efficiency. The findings underscore the importance of considering both physical activity and nutritional habits in addressing the obesity epidemic.
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    Pre-, intra- and post-operative management in phacoemulsification surgery for completely monocular cases
    (2019) Demirel, Soner; Dikci, Seyhan; Firat, Penpe Gul; Ozturk, Emrah; Ceylan, Osman Melih; Turkoglu, Elif Betul; Yilmaz, Turgut; Gunduz, Abuzer; Gozukara Bag, Harika Gozde
    Aim: To evaluate the results of phacoemulsification (PE) surgery in completely monocular cases and to emphasize the important points in the pre-, intra- and post-operative periods. Material and Methods: A total of 42 patients who had no light perception in one eye and had underwent PE surgery in the other eye at our clinic between January 2014 and March 2016 were included in the study. The charts of the patients were evaluated retrospectively. The age and gender of the cases, whether there was an additional pathology in the eye undergoing surgery, the reason of visual loss in the other eye, the type of anesthesia used, pre- and post-operative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) with the Snellen chart, intraocular pressure and intra- and post-operative complications were investigated. Results: There were17 (40.5%) female and 25 (59.5%) male patients with a mean age of 74.2±10.5 (45-93) years. The most common causes of the monocular state were glaucoma, cataract and trauma, the most common accompanying pathologies in the eyes undergoing cataract surgery were glaucoma, zonular weakness and age-related macular degeneration. Mean BCVA was 0.07±0.1 (0.01-0.4) pre-operatively and 0.5±0.3 (0.01-1) post-operatively (p≤0.001). The mean follow-up duration was 3.9±5.6 months (1 week to 24 months). The most common post-operative complication was corneal edema. Conclusion: The stress created by cataract surgery on the physician and patient is quite high in monocular cases. However, satisfactory results with PE are obtained in these cases by carefully using pre-, intra- and post-operative methods.
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    Protective effects of crocin on acrylamide-induced testis damage
    (Wiley, 2021) Gul, Mehmet; Kayhan Kustepe, Elif; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Altinoz, Eyup; Gozukara Bag, Harika Gozde; Gul, Semir; Gokturk, Nurcan
    Exposure to acrylamide (Ac) through food is almost inevitable and this kind of toxicity may cause lifelong harm. In present study, we researched effects of Crocin (Cr) on testis histopathology in Ac-induced testis of rats. Adult male rats were grouped as: group 1, 1 ml saline only; group 2, 50 mg/kg Cr only; group 3, 25 mg/kg Ac only and group 4, 25 mg/kg Ac + 50 mg/kg Cr. All administrations were given as 1 ml/day by gavage for 21 days. It was found that Ac adversely influenced the levels of FSH, testosterone and LH in the blood serum; malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI)/ glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total antioxidant status (TAS) oxidant/antioxidant parameters in testis tissue (p < .01) and the histopathological parameters like Johnson's score, seminiferous tubule diameter, seminiferous epithelial height and H-score for caspase-3 immunoreactivity. In contrary, Cr treatment resulted in increase in testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizan hormone (LH) levels and SOD, CAT, GSH, TAS levels (p < .01) and improved all the histopathological changes. In conclusion, Cr has a promising protective potential against Ac-caused toxic damages in testicular tissue.
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    The role of Crocin in an acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity model in Wistar rats
    (2019) Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Erdemli, Zeynep; Gozukara Bag, Harika Gozde; Altinoz,sEyup
    Aim: The changes in rat brain tissues treated with Crocin (Cr) as a protective agent in an acrylamide (AA) neurotoxicity model were investigated.Material and Methods: The present with of the experimental animal ethics committee at Inonu University, Faculty of Medicine (2016 / A-59). Forty male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with study was conducted the approval equal number of rats (10): Control, Cr, AA, Cr + AA Groups. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), Oxidative stress index (OSI), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and protein values were examined in the brain tissues.Results: MDA, TOS and OSI levels increased in brain tissues of AA administered rats when compared to the other groups, while the GSH, TAS, SOD and CAT levels decreased in the group (p 0.05). GSH, TAS, SOD and CAT levels increased, but MDA, TOS and OSI levels decreased in the AA + Cr administered group when compared to the AA group (p 0.05). It was observed that oral AA administration altered the antioxidant/oxidant balance favoring the oxidants in male rat brain tissues, leading to oxidative stress induced neurotoxicity, while Cr administration reestablished the normal antioxidant/oxidant balance, preventing the oxidative stress induced neurotoxicity via detoxification. Conclusion: The present study concluded that the administered Cr dose was sufficient to prevent neurotoxicity and we recommend that adequate amounts of Cr should be consumed to prevent AA-induced toxicity and improve antioxidant capacity.