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    The Effect of Smoking on the Carriage of Potential Pathogens in Nasopharynx
    (Erciyes Univ Sch Medicine, 2010) Yetkin, Gulay; Ay, Selma; Yetkin, Ozkan; Tastekin, Nese; Gucluer, Nilay
    Purpose: Smoking is associated with an increased risk of respiratory tract infections in adults and also with oral colonization by some potentially pathogenic microorganisms. Smoking or passive exposure is enhancing bacterial adherence of pathogenic bacteria to the epithelial cells of the oropharingeal mucous membrane. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of active smoking on colonization of potential aerobic pathogens and in the nasopharynx. We evaluated Haemophilus Influenza, Moraxella catarrhalis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Neisseria meningitidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans strains. Material and Methods: Study population; 77 healty hospital personel has been selected from several services. Cultures were obtained using sterile swabs. Specimens collected from the nasopharynx through the mouth. Smokers were classified three groups as: mild smokers (n: 29; 0-10 package/year), moderate (n: 16; 11-20 package/year) and heavy (n: 12; 25+ package/year). Cultures were evaluated with semiquantitative technics (roll plate) Results: We isolated Staphylococcus aureus from 3 specimens, Neisseria meningitidis 1, Acinetobacter 'waif/ 1, E.coll 1, intense Candida alb/cans from 12 specimens, afew mold (Candida albicans ye Candida spp.) from 8 specimens, Haemophilus aphrophilus 1 and Group A If haemolytic streptococcus from 1 specimen. We have isolated pathogenic bacteria from 24 of 57 (8.42) smokers and 4 of 20 (8.20) nonsmokers (p<0.05). Conclusion: Distribution of pathojens in three groups described in smokers as follows; mild smokers (6 pathogcn/29 person) (6 pathogen) (/020), moderate (8 pathogen/16 person) (8 pathogen) (%50), and heavy smokers (10 pathogen/12 person) (10 pathogen) (8.83) (p<0.05). All growth rates within these groups have reisen up in comparison with nonsmokers.
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    A PNEUMONIA CASE CAUSED BY CEDECEA LAPAGEI
    (Ankara Microbiology Soc, 2008) Yetkin, Guelay; Ay, Selma; Kayabas, Uener; Gedik, Ender; Gucluer, Nilay; Caliskan, Ahmet
    Cedecea spp. which are the members of Enterobacteriaceae family, are mostly isolated from sputum and their clinical importance is not yet demonstrated. This report presents a pneumonia case caused by Cedecea lapagei. A 38-years-old male patient admitted to Inonu University Faculty of Medicine Emergency department with prediagnosis of subarachnoid haemorrhage was operated and transferred to Intensive Care Unit of Reanimation where he underwent artificial ventilation. On the third day of hospitalization his temperature was 39 degrees C, white blood cell count was 27.000/ml and he was still unconscious. He had a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chest X-ray revealed opacities in the right lower lobe and mucoid tracheal secretion ensued following tracheal entubation performed after operation. Direct microscopic examination of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid yielded abundant number of leukocytes and gram-negative bacilli. Bacteria isolated from BAL specimen were identified as C.lapagei by Phoenix 100 (Becton Dickinson, USA) automated system and also by API 20E kit (Biomerieux, France). Upon the initiation of intravenous amikacin (1 x 1 g) and meropenem (3 x 1 g), the signs of infection decreased in intensity, however, the patient was lost due to subarachnoid hemorrhage on the 12(th) day of hospitalization. In this case it was estimated that C.lapagei pneumonia originated from the aspiration of upper airway secretion owing to unconsciousness of the patient. Although there were reports of Cedecea infections in the literature, this was the first documented case of C.lapagei pneumonia when the accessible related literature was concerned.
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    Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in pregnant women
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2010) Bayraktar, Mehmet Refik; Ozerol, Ibrahim Halil; Gucluer, Nilay; Celik, Onder
    Background: Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum are important opportunistic pathogens implicated in urogenital infections and complicated pregnancy. We aimed to study the role of these pathogens in symptomatic and asymptomatic pregnant women and determine their clinical significance and antibiotic susceptibility. Methods: One hundred pregnant women were included in the study, 50 symptomatic patients and 50 asymptomatic controls. Duplicate endocervical samples were taken from each individual and analyzed using the Mycoplasma IST-2 kit and A7 agar medium. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested against doxycycline, josamycin, ofloxacin, erythromycin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and pristinamycin using the Mycoplasma IST-2 kit. Results: Twelve symptomatic pregnant women had spontaneous abortions. Of these, eight (66.7%) cases had been colonized with M. hominis and/or U. urealyticum. Of the pregnant women infected with M. hominis and/or U. urealyticum, 40.7% delivered a low birth weight infant. M. hominis was successfully cultured in five women (5%) and U. urealyticum in 27 (27%). Among positive cultures, 15.6% and 84.4% of isolates were M. hominis and U. urealyticum, respectively. M. hominis and U. urealyticum were uniformly susceptible to doxycycline, tetracycline, and pristinamycin, which may be successfully used in the empirical therapy of infected individuals. Conclusions: It can be concluded that genital colonization with M. hominis and U. urealyticum may predispose to spontaneous abortion and low birth weight. (C) 2009 International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.