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    Alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities in cerebrospinal fluid related with severity of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in newborns
    (Karger, 2005) Gulcan, H; Ozturk, IC; Arslan, S
    Background. The antioxidant status of the tissue affected by ischemia-reperfusion is of great importance for the primary endogenous defense against the free-radical-induced injury. Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between the activities of antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (CAT)] in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and severity of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in newborns. Methods: Thirty full-term asphyxiated infants (gestational age >37 weeks) and 11 full-term infants (none of whom showed any signs of asphyxia) were included in this study. Activities of SOD, GPX, and CAT in CSF were measured within the first 72 h of life in infants with HIE and controls. Results: Activity of SOD in CSF was significantly higher in infants with HIE compared with controls (p < 0.05). GPX and CAT activities were higher in infants with HIE than they were in controls; however, the differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The activities of GPX and CAT were significantly increased in severe HIE as compared with mild HIE and controls (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Both the duration of the hypoxic-ischemic insult and the severity of HIE modulate elevations of enzymatic activity as an adaptive response to excessive free radical production in CSF in newborn infants with HIE. The activities of antioxidant enzyme alterations in CSIF correspond highly to the severity of HIE, and these patterns may be useful for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. Copyright (C) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel.
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    Bilateral vocal cord paralysis in newborns with neuraxial malformations - Two case reports
    (Japan Neurosurgical Soc, 2005) Gulcan, H; Onal, C; Arslan, S; Bayindir, T
    Two neonates presented with inspiratory stridor due to bilateral vocal cord paralysis associated with occipital encephalocele, Chiari malformation, and hydrocephalus in one patient, and cervical meningomyelocele and Chiari malformation in the other patient. The clinical symptoms dramatically regressed after repair of the encephalocele or meningomyelocele with no requirement for craniovertebral decompressive procedures or shunts in the acute phase. Careful evaluation of neonatal stridor and recognition of vocal cord paralysis are important, as treatment of associated congenital central nervous system anomalies is likely to achieve satisfactory surgical results.
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    A newborn infant with infantile spinal muscular atrophy associated with trisomy 21 and congenital hypothyroidism
    (Medecine Et Hygiene, 2005) Gulcan, H; Uzum, I; Dayangac, D; Gurses, I
    [Abstract Not Available]
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    Nosocomial Stenotrophomonas maltophilia cross-infection
    (Mosby-Elsevier, 2004) Gulcan, H; Kuzucu, C; Durmaz, R
    Background: Increased nosocomial Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection rates in newborns, especially in recent years, are a significant cause for concern. These cases are the second case group in the literature to have been identified as nosocomial cross-infection with S maltophilia in neonates. Objective: To investigate the clinical, microbiological, and epidemiologic features of the outbreak caused by S maltophilia in the neonatal intensive care unit within a period of 7 days. Methods: Three cases with nosocomial S maltophilia infection considered to be the result of cross-transmission were prospectively analyzed. Arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR) performed with M13 primer and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of genomic DNA after digestion with XbaI were used to determine clonal relationship among the isolates. Results: S maltophilia was isolated from the blood cultures of all 3 patients. Molecular typing confirmed that the 3 cases were epidemiologically linked. Conclusions: Opportunistic pathogens such as S maltophila can lead to major problems in neonates. Molecular typing is helpful to improve effective control programs for preventing the spread of the infection.
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    Robinow syndrome: A case report
    (Medecine Et Hygiene, 2005) Gulcan, H; Akinci, A; Aktar, A
    Robinow Syndrome: a case report: We report a case with Robinow syndrome which has been rarely reported in the literature. A male newborn who had fetal face appearance (broad and prominent forehead, hypertelorism, small saddle nose, anteverted nostrils, glabellar nevus flammeus, malar hypoplasia, down-turned mouth and retrognathia), mesomelic limb shortening, hemivertebra and genital hypoplasia was diagnosed as Robinow syndrome. Elevated levels of both basal and stimulated testosterone and dihydrotestosterone were found along with normal baseline levels of gonadotropins. These endocrinologic studies were suggestive for an androgen insensitivity. Mental and motor development of the infant were normal at 3 and 6 months of age. Because of the high level of consanguineous marriages in Turkey, we may expect a higher incidence of the autosomal recessive form of the syndrome. This gives a high recurrence risk and makes prenatal diagnosis an important option for future pregnancies in the families.