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    Insulin- and glucagon-producing cells in the liver and biliary-pancreatic axis of rats with experimentally induced metabolic syndrome
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Gulubova, M.; Tolekova, A.; Berbatov, D.; Stefanov, I; Chonov, D.; Aydoglu, N.
    ContextThe generation of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) as cell replacement therapy for diabetes treatment is challenging.ObjectiveWe have evaluated the presence of insulin-positive (insulin+) and glucagon-positive (glucagon+) cells in hepatocytes, peribiliary glands (PBGs), and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs).Materials and MethodsWistar rats are subjected to a diet including administration of 15% fructose solution for 3 months. Tissue samples are processed for immunohistochemistry with antibodies against insulin, glucagon, ghrelin, somatostatin, PDX1, and SOX9. Blood glucose levels and lipid profile are investigated.ResultsIn treated rats, Ins+ and glucagon+ hepatocytes are found around central veins. In PBGs, Ins+ and glucagon+ endocrine cells (ECs) are detected. LSECs show insulin+ and glucagon+ cellular membranes. The nuclei of LSECs in treated rats are SOX9-positive.ConclusionsOur experiment of fructose-induced metabolic syndrome shows the appearance of Ins+ and glucagon+ ECs in extrahepatic biliary pathways and hepatocytes. Interestingly, SOX9+ nuclei of LSECs are observed.