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Öğe Efficiency Analysis of Dried Apricot Farms Using Fuzzy Data Envelopment Analysis(Ankara Univ, Fac Agr, 2015) Gunduz, OrhanThe aim of this research is to measure the efficiency of dried apricot farms using fuzzy data envelopment analysis. Dried apricot production, as in all agricultural production, takes place in an uncertain environment, therefore input and output data of farms include imprecise. Since the efficiency scores of convectional data envelopment analysis obtained using imprecise data are unbiased and inconsistent, to improve the reliable and robust efficiency scores, one of the proposed methods is fuzzy data envelopment analysis. In the research, the proposed approach by Kao & Liu was used to measure the efficiency of farms, which uses a cut levels. To estimate the efficiency scores of farms via this approach, the inputs and output data of 46 dried apricot farms of Battalgazi district of Malatya province of Turkey were used. According the fuzzy data envelopment analysis, the boundaries of efficiency scores of farms changed from 0.899 to 0.909. Since convectional data envelopment analysis is point estimates, the efficiency scores of fuzzy data envelopment analysis, which is expressed by boundaries, has advantages giving major ideas by the different uncertain levels on the relative performance of farm to decision makers.Öğe Farm level technical efficiency analysis and production costs in tomato growth: a case study from Turkey(Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco, Dept Administracao, 2016) Gunduz, Orhan; Sili, Sahinde; Ceyhan, VedatTechnical efficiency and low cost production are crucial for competitiveness of tomato growing farms. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine production cost and technical efficiency levels of farms that grow tomato in open fields. Experimental data were obtained from 50 randomly selected tomato producers. Results showed that unit production cost of tomato was $0.17 kg(-1) and labor costs had the highest share of total cost. For the estimation of farm level technical efficiency coefficients, Stochastic Frontier Analysis method was used. Technical efficiency coefficients of tomato producing farms varied from 0.35 to 1.00, and the mean was 0.57. Results of Stochastic Frontier Analysis model showed that input use in tomato production could be lowered by 43%. It was found that inefficiencies of farms were mostly due to preventable technical factors rather than due to random causes. Farms could work at full efficiency by lowering their input use as well as by controlling off farm factors. The study suggested that technical training for tomato growing and extension programs would be useful to increase the efficiencies of tomato growing farms.Öğe An investigation on computer and internet use for agricultural development in rural areas: A case study for Tokat Province in Turkey(Academic Journals, 2011) Buyukbay, Esen Oruc; Gunduz, OrhanThis study aimed at determining the familiarity of the people to computer and internet technologies and for what purposes they use these technologies in rural areas of Tokat Province, Turkey. How people approach these technologies and what socio-economic features affect their use, were also determined. The main data used in the study were collected from a face-to-face questionnaire administered to over 184 people. Based on the results of this study, 36.00% of the individuals in the questionnaire used computer and internet, and the major purpose of the computer's usage was to access the internet. It was determined that these technologies were not used efficiently to develop rural life, agricultural production and professional and personal development. Based on the findings, there was a strong relationship between computer and internet use and social and economic characteristics of the individuals. It was concluded that in order for computer and internet technologies to be used most efficiently in rural areas, fast and planned training studies should be implemented, necessary infrastructure should be developed and examples of successful uses in agricultural production should be shown to people.Öğe Production and Trade of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in the World and Turkey(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2018) Temel, Mukremin; Tinmaz, A. Bircan; Ozturk, Mustafa; Gunduz, OrhanIn this study, it was aimed to give information about production, foreign trade and changes of medicinal and aromatic plants in Turkey from 2000 to the present. Research data was obtained from FAO and ITC records by screening, filtering and grouping and was subjected to descriptive statistics. According to the findings, a total of 36 million hectares of medicinal and aromatic plants are cultivated and coffee, cocoa, tea and red pepper were at the top of the list. Cocoa, tea and mint production areas increased about 50% by 2016. On the other hand, decreases have been observed in the production areas of carob, buckwheat, hemp and hops. Dozens of medicinal and aromatic plants were sujected to the Foreign trade. While the size of world medicinal and aromatic plants trade was 50 billion dollars in 2000, it increased to 180 billion dollars in 2016. Coffee, cocoa and tea are at the top of the trade. While Brazil is the most important coffee exporter, the USA is the most important importer. In the export of essential oils, China is in the first place, while the USA is the first in importation. Trade volume increased by 300% mostly in coffee, tea and mate groups. Turkey is ranked in the middle in world trade. In the study, all medicinal and aromatic plants were examined for secondary benefits. According to findings, about 20 million medicinal and aromatic plants are cultivated in about 1.3 million decares of land. From 2000 to 2015, production areas increased by about 40%. Foreign trade of medicinal and aromatic plants were realized in 2015 with export of 280 million dollars and import of 254 million dollars. Thyme is in the first place with 25% share in exports. Coffee constitutes 61% of the import. The most important essential oils in export were rose, thyme, stearopten and orange. Import essential essential oils were mint, orange, lemon, other citrus fruits, lavender. As a result, the production of medicinal and aromatic plants in the world is increasing but the trade is increasing even faster.Öğe Social Cost of Improper Land and Variety Selection in Paddy Production in Turkey(European Center Sustainable Development, 2017) Gunduz, Orhan; Ceyhan, Vedat; Dengiz, OrhanFor last decades, efficient use of land as a natural resources has the priority at the agenda of policy makers. Allocating farm land to optimal crop and selecting proper crop variety is vital to reach not only economically, but also environmentally efficient farming. Therefore, the study examined the social cost of improper land and crop variety selection in paddy production in Samsun province of Turkey. Research data were collected from both field experiment and 45 paddy producers by using questionnaire. Classical economic analysis procedures and cost calculation methods were followed. Economic losses sourced from improper land allocation and wrong variety selection in paddy production was calculated by combining individual and social losses. Research results showed that average paddy producers conducted their activities in S2 class lost 1983 kg per hectare of paddy, which was valued $595, due to improper land and variety selection. 64% of it was sourced from improper land selection, while that of improper paddy variety selection was 36%. However, average paddy producers conducted their activities in S3 class lost 3012 kg of paddy per hectare, which was valued $900. Research results also showed that social cost of improper land and variety selection in Samsun was $2,1 million. 62% of total social cost sourced from S2 class land, while that of S3 and S1 were 23% and 15%, respectively. 24% of the total social cost resulted from opportunity cost, while the rest attributed to improper land and variety selection in paddy production. Completing preparing activities the detail land use map and sharing with farmers in the research area may decrease the social cost of improper land and variety selection. Designing education program for farmers in order to make better variety and land selection and disseminate the information related variety and land selection via extension services may reduce the social cost of improper decision in the research area.Öğe STOCHASTIC ENERGY (TECHNICAL) EFFICIENCY AND CO2 EMISSIONS OF DRIED APRICOT FARMS IN TURKEY(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2016) Gunduz, OrhanDried apricot farmers use intensive agricultural inputs, leading to concerns about efficiency of farms and global warming. In this paper, we investigated the farms in Malatya Province of Turkey, the leading dried apricot producing province, at three important dimensions: i) calculating the input-output energy ii) measuring the energy efficiency performance using a stochastic frontier approach (SFA), and finally iii) estimating the greenhouse gas emissions. Data used in the research were collected from 46 randomly selected farmers. Results showed that input and output energies in total were 17,653.83 MJ ha(-1) and 39,231.76 MJ ha(-1), respectively. The highest amounts of input energies were used for nitrogen and fungicides. The econometric analysis (SFA) revealed that the mean score of energy (technical) efficiency of farms was 69%, indicating that elimination of inefficiencies can increase energy output up to 31%. To ensure the full energy (technical) efficiency in the dried apricot cultivation, policies that consider the socioeconomic and cultural characteristics of the farmers should be developed. The total CO2 emission was 440.37 kg CO2 eq ha(-1) for dried apricot production. The machinery and diesel fuel should be used in optimal level to decrease CO2 emissions.
