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Öğe Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of an apolar extract from Lactuca serriola L. leaves(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2024) Unver, Tuba; Gurhan, IsmetLactuca serriola L. is an annual herbaceous plant species belonging to the Asteraceae family, called Prickly lettuce, Wild lettuce, and Jagged lettuce. L. serriola grows on grassy and rocky slopes in many regions in Europe, Asia, Australia, Africa, and North, Central and South America. The plant is used as a natural pharmaceutical agent in primary health care due to its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties, which are attributed to the compounds it contains. However, this is the first study demonstrating the antimicrobial activity of L. serriola essential oil. In this study, L. serriola essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation of plant leaves and analyzed by Gas Chromatography -Mass Spectrometry (GS -MS); subsequently, antimicrobial properties of the essential oil were evaluated using agar dilution and broth microdilution methods. As a result of the GS -MS analysis, hexadecanoic acid, oleic acid, myristic acid, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, beta-ionone, and n-tetradecyl butanoate were found as dominant components in the plant essential oil with the rate of 6.61%, 4.84%, 2.05, 1.55%, 1.3%, and 1.09% (v/v), respectively. The MIC value of L. serriola essential oil against Enterobacter aerogenes, Staphylococcus aureus , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Candida albicans , and C andida tropicalis was found to be 0.94 mu LmL -1 , and MIC values were determined as 1.87 mu LmL -1 and 0.47 mu LmL -1 against Klebsiella pneumonia and Candida parapsilosis , respectively. These results have opened a new horizon regarding the usability of L. serriola essential oil as a pharmacological therapeutic antibacterial and antifungal agent.Öğe Comparison of the Cytotoxic Activities of Stachys Lavandulifolia and Stachys Cataonica Species(Wiley, 2025) Yuce, Hande; Ozgen, Ridvan; Gurhan, Ismet; Ozek, Dilan Askin; Sahin, Yasemin; Tanbek, Kevser; Arabaci, Turan[No abstract available]Öğe Elucidating the antimicrobial and anticarcinogenic potential of methanolic and water extracts of edible Tragopogon coelesyriacus Boiss.(Wiley, 2024) Unver, Tuba; Uzuner, Ugur; Celik-Uzuner, Selcen; Gurhan, Ismet; Sivri, Nur Sena; Ozdemir, ZeynepTragopogon coelesyriacus is a pharmacotherapeutic herbaceous plant belonging to the Asteraceae family and consumed as a vegetable. Here, the methanolic and water extracts of T. coelesyriacus were obtained from its aboveground parts (stem, leaves, and flowers), and the phytochemical potentials were investigated by LC-HRMS (liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry) analysis for the first time. The antibacterial, antifungal, and anticarcinogenic activities of T. coelesyriacus extracts were investigated using experimental and in silico methods. T. coelesyriacus methanol extract revealed remarkable inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumonia (MICs = 0.83, 1.67, and 1.67 mg/mL, respectively) compared to Escherichia coli and Enterobacter aerogenes (MIC = 53.3 mg/mL). Inhibitory effects of T. coelesyriacus methanolic extracts were also observed in all Candida species tested, with the highest inhibition on Candida krusei (MIC = 0.83 mg/mL), whereas no inhibitory effect was identified from the water extract. Additionally, both T. coelesyriacus methanolic (IC50 = 86 mu g/mL) and water (IC50 = 92 mu g/mL) extracts revealed significant selective anticarcinogenic effects on AR42J pancreatic cancer cells. HeLa and MDA-MB-231 cells were, however, more resilient to methanol and water extract, respectively. In silico analyses further elucidated the noteworthy antibacterial potential of keracyanin chloride on S. aureus MurB enzyme and the remarkable inhibitory potential of naringin on FYN kinase specific for pancreatic cancer (AR42J) development. In conclusion, T. coelesyriacus phytochemicals with antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer properties were revealed for the first time, and molecular docking studies on potential targets confirmed good agreement with experimental findings. Therefore, the current studies on T. coelesyriacus provide the basis for investigating new pharmaceutical potentials of other Tragopogon members.Öğe Multidirectional in silico and in vitro Research for the Pharmaceutical Potential of Fibigia Clypeata (L.) Medik: Phytochemical, Antimicrobial, and Antimyeloma Properties(Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2025) Unver, Tuba; Uzuner, Ugur; Akcora-Yildiz, Dilara; Gurhan, Ismet; Arkan, Caglar; Ozdemir, ZeynepFibigia clypeata (L.) Medik, a member of the Brassicaceae, has been the subject of limited research on its pharmaceutical and medicinal properties. This study aims to evaluate the phytochemical, antimicrobial, and antimyeloma properties of F. clypeata extracts and detail these results in silico analyses. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of F. clypeata extracts was determined using dilution methods, and antimyeloma activity was determined using an MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) assay. The findings were evaluated by in silico analyses and correlated with the results of liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. The inhibitory effect of the water extract (MIC is 15 mg mL-1 against bacterial strains; MICs are between 7.5 and 3.75 mg mL-1 against Candida strains) was determined to be more potent than methanol extract (MIC is 60 mg mL-1 against bacterial strains; MICs are between 30 mg/mL and 7.50 mg mL-1 against Candida strains). Molecular docking findings revealed that cyanidin 3-rutinoside chloride showed the highest binding affinity to Staphylococcus aureus MurB, Candida parapsilosis, and Candida albicans dihydrofolate reductases and the antitumor target human epidermal growth factor receptor protein. Based on MTT results, F. clypeata extracts significantly decreased cell viability dose-dependently in three human MM and noncancerous MCF10A cell lines. F. clypeata harbor valuable antimicrobial and moderately anticancerogenic compounds.Öğe Screening of phenolic components and antimicrobial properties of Iris persica L. subsp. persica extracts by in vitro and in silico methods(Wiley, 2024) Unver, Tuba; Uslu, Harun; Gurhan, Ismet; Goktas, BunyaminThe tendency toward natural herbal products has increased due to the antibiotic resistance developed by microorganisms and the severe side effects of antibiotics commonly used in infectious diseases worldwide. Although antimicrobial studies have been conducted with several species of the Iris genus, this study is the first in the literature to be performed with Iris persica L. subsp. persica aqueous and methanol extracts. In this study, the phenolic content of I. persica was determined by LC-MS/MS analysis, the in vitro antimicrobial activity of I. persica aqueous and methanol extracts was examined, and this study was supported by in silico analysis. Consequently, methanol and aqueous extracts were observed to have inhibitory effects against all tested microorganisms except Candida krusei. Although the MIC values of aqueous extract and methanol extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the same (22.5 and 11.25 mg/mL, respectively), the inhibitory effect of aqueous extract is generally more potent (MIC value is 11.25 mg/mL for Candida parapsilosis and other bacterial species, and 90 mg/mL for Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis) than that of methanol extract. In silico results showed that hydroxybenzaldeyde, vanillin, resveratrol, isoquercitrin, kaempferol-3-glucoside, fisetin, and luteolin were more prone to antifungal activity. Hence, shikimic, gallic, protocatechuic, vanillic, caffeic, o-coumaric, trans-ferulic, sinapic acids, and hesperidin were more prone to antibacterial activity. In vitro and in silico results show that the antibacterial activity of our extracts may be higher than the antifungal activity. This preliminary study indicates the anti-infective potential of I. persica extracts and their usability in medicine and pharmacology.Öğe Shedding Light on the Phytochemical and Biological Fingerprints of Fibigia clypeata (L.) Medik Essential Oil as a Pharmacotherapeutic Agent(Wiley, 2025) Unver, Tuba; Bingul, Murat; Uslu, Harun; Gurhan, Ismet; Goktas, Bunyamin; Sahin, Hasan; Boga, MehmetSince plant essential oil contains medicinally valuable compounds, its usability as a pharmacotherapeutic agent has been the focus of attention within the century's needs. The lack of sufficient studies on the medical and pharmacological evaluation of Fibigia clypeata (L.) Medik has made this plant the target of our study. This study analyzes the phytochemical composition and biological activity of F. clypeata essential oil. As a result, dimethyl disulfide and dimethyl trisulfide were found to be the main compounds of the plant essential oil, with rates of 73.13% and 19.87%, respectively. The antifungal property of plant essential oil is more effective than its antibacterial property, with MIC values ranging between 0.039 and 0.312 mu L/mL for fungal species and up to 3.750 mu L/mL for bacterial species. The enzyme inhibition profiles were investigated towards two enzymes, namely, anticholinesterase and alpha-glucosidase, targeted for anti-diabetic studies. Anticholinesterase activity was proved with the IC50 values of 17.31 and 4.78 mu g/mL for Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes, respectively. DPPH and CUPRAC activities were the most promising antioxidant studies, with values of 1.54 and 3.72 mu g/mL. It was observed that alpha-Terpineol made a hydrogen bond with ASN80, and 1-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadien-1-yl)ethanol made a hydrogen bond with SER82. Although molecular dock scores were better for antifungal activity, it was determined that no interactions, such as hydrogen bonding or pi interaction, were observed. This preliminary study showed that F. clypeata essential oil is a natural source with promising in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticholinesterase activities that warrants further investigation, including safety assessments, due to the high concentration of sulfur-containing compounds. Molecular docking and ADME prediction results showed that alpha-Terpineol and 1-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadien-1-yl)ethanol were more prone to antimicrobial activity.Öğe Unveiling the Chemical Constituents and Inhibitory Roles of Extracts from Pinus Pinea L. Nut and Nutshell: A Novel Source for Pharmaceutical Antimicrobials(Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2024) Unver, Tuba; Gurhan, IsmetAntibiotic resistance in infectious diseases has been a serious problem for the last century, and scientists have focused on discovering new natural antimicrobial agents. Pinus pinea has been used as a natural pharmacotherapeutic agent with antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and high antioxidant properties. In this study, GC-MS and LC-HR/MS were employed to analyze Pinus pinea L. nut and nutshell extracts. DPPH radical scavenging assay was performed to analyze the antioxidant properties of the extracts, but no activity was determined. GC-MS analysis showed that linoleic, oleic, and palmitic acids were the three most dominant fatty acids in nut and nutshell extracts, with ratios between 6.75 % and 47.06 % (v/v). LC-HR/MS revealed that the nutshell methanol extract had a higher phenolic content than other extracts, with vanillic acid (1.4071 mg/g). Antimicrobial activity assays showed that the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the extracts varied between 5.94 and 190 mg/mL, and the most significant inhibition was seen in the nutshell methanol extract (MICs: between 5.94 and 47.5 mg/mL). Consequently, the antimicrobial activity of the extracts can be attributed to the dense fatty acids they contain, and the nutshell methanol extract showed the most potent inhibition related to the abundance of phenolic compounds in the extract.
