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    Hand Grip and Pinch Strength in Patients With Nocturnal Enuresis: Is There a Role of Muscle Strength in Pathogenesis of Enuresis?
    (Wiley, 2011) Karabiber, Hamza; Garipardic, Mesut; Uzel, Murat; Davutoglu, Mehmet; Ozer, Ali; Hasturk, Ziyadeddin; Guler, Ekrem
    Aims: To examine the association of muscle strength with nocturnal enuresis. Subjects and Methods: One hundred sixty-three patients with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (8-14 years old) were recruited from outpatient clinics. Two hundred eight healthy students served as the control group (8-14 years old) from two primary schools. Physical examinations and the age, gender, height, weight, dominant hand, and body mass of these children index were recorded. A calibrated, Jamar dynamometer was used to assess grip strength at the first two settings. A pinch gauge was used to assess the key pinch of the right and left hands of these children. Two measurements of each grip and pinch were obtained at 15 sec intervals and mean values were analyzed. Results: The hand grip strength test and pinch was significantly lower in the enuretic group compared with the control group. These low results of the muscle strength in the enuretic group showed that whole body muscle weakness may contribute to the pathogenesis of enuresis as a possible etiological factor. Conclusions: In this first study on the association of muscle strength with nocturnal enuresis, it was found that neuromuscular function is abnormal in enuretic patients. In this neuromuscular abnormality, the motor activity is affected. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30:525-528, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.