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    In vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of acetone and methanol extracts from Thymus leucotrichius (Lamiaceae)
    (Verduci Publisher, 2011) Ulukanli, Z.; Cigremis, Y.; Ilcim, A.
    Background and Objectives: Thymus species has been used as tonic and herbal tea, antiseptic, antitussive, carminative, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. The acetone and methanol extracts of Thymus (T.) leucotrichius (Labiatae/Lamiaceae) was examined for antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Materials and Methods: The antioxidant properties of acetone and methanol extracts of Thymus leucotrichius were investigated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)/nitric oxide (NO) radical scavenging activity, reducing power and total phenolic substance analysis. Antibacterial, antiyeast and antifungal activity of the plant extracts were tested using the disc diffusion method. Results and Discussion: Results showed that IC50 of Thymus leucotrichius acetone and methanol extracts that scavenged 50% of the DPPH radical in the medium was found to be 109.72 mu g/ml, 43.53 mu g/ml, respectively. It was found that IC50 of Thymus leucotrichius acetone and methanol extracts which scavenged 50% of the NO radical in the medium was 180.56 mu g/ml, and 67.34 mu g/ml, respectively. In the Thymus leucotrichius acetone and methanol extracts (1 mg), 35.64 mu g and 51.78 mu g pyrocatechol equivalents of phenols were detected, respectively. Neither acetone nor methanol extract possessed activity towards Proteus vulgaris, Rhodotorula rubra, Candida albicans, Aspergillus parasiticus and Aspergillus niger. Acetone extract was the most active on Bacillus cereus and Bacillus megaterium. The sentivity was also observed against towards Escherichia coli H7:O157, Kluvyeromyces fragilis and Fusarium proliferatum when acetone extract used. The methanol extract also displayed more or less similar inhibitory activity towards the test microorganisms. Kluvyeromyces fragilis was resistant to methanol extract of the species unlike acetone extracts of the species. However, the fungus Fusarium proliferatum was markedly inhibited by the methanol extract of test species at 1000 mu g and above. Significant inhibitory activities of the two extracts were based upon the increasing dose-dependent level.
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    In vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial assays of acetone extracts from Nepeta meyeri Bentham
    (Verduci Publisher, 2010) Cigremis, Y.; Ulukanli, Z.; Ilcim, A.; Akgoz, M.
    Background and Objectivies: Nepeta species are used as diuretic, diaphoretic, antitussive, antispasmodic, antiasthmatic, febrifuge, emmenagogue, sedative agents, insecticidal, acaricidal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. Acetone extract of Nepeta meyeri (Labiatae) was screened for antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Materials and Methods: The antioxidant properties of the extract were investigated by using various methods established in vitro systems such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)/nitric oxide (NO) radical scavenging activity. Reducing power and total phenolic substance analysis and also antimicrobial activity of acetone extract of Nepeta meyeri were tested against six gram negative, seven gram positive bacteria and the yeast strain using the disc diffusion method. Results and Discussion: Acetone extract of the plant examined exhibited a significant concentration-dependent inhibition of DPPH and NO center dot radical. Furthermore, Nepeta meyeri showed very high reducing power. In DPPH radical and NO center dot scavenging assays the IC50 value of extract was 672.2 mu g/ml and 165.32 mu g/ml, respectively. The amounts of total phenolic compounds were also determined and 12.86 mu g pyrocatechol equivalents of phenols were detected in the extract. The data obtained from these in vitro models clearly demonstrated antioxidant potential of acetone extract of Nepeta meyeri. The extract revealed antibacterial activity against all gram positive bacteria but not was active against gram negative bacteria.