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    The comparison of nail and serum trace elements in patients with epilepsy and healthy subjects
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2004) Ilhan, A; Özerol, E; Güleç, M; Isik, B; Ilhan, N; Ilhan, N; Akyol, Ö
    The objective of this prospective study was to determine the levels of manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) levels in both nail and serum from patients with epilepsy. For this purpose, levels of these elements were measured in 31 patients with epilepsy and 19 healthy subjects. Element analyses were carried out by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Increased Mn levels were detected in nail of patients with epilepsy compared to healthy controls (P<.008). The main nail Zn and Cu levels were found to be unchanged in epileptic patients compared to control subjects. There were no significant differences in serum Mn and Zn levels between epileptic patients and control subjects. However, there was a statistically significant increase in serum Cu levels in patients with epilepsy in comparison with control group (P<.009). Our results demonstrate that some trace element levels may vary in epileptic patients, and because of the more stable status, the analysis of these element levels in some tissues such as nail might be superior to serum analysis. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Determination of copper, zinc and manganese in nail and serum from patients with migraine
    (Dustri-Verlag Dr Karl Feistle, 2003) Özerol, E; Ulvi, H; Ilhan, N; Güleç, M; Ilhan, A; Akyol, Ö
    Metallo-enzymes contain trace elements in their molecular structure to be metabolically active. Manganese-superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD) contains Mn and copper, zinc-superoxide dismutase (Cu, Zn SOD) contains Cu. and Zn as prosthetic groups. There have been some studies on the oxidant/anti oxidant status of patients with migraine. In the present study, the levels of copper, zinc and manganese in nail and serum were investigated in 53 patients with migraine and 19 healthy subjects. Copper, Zn and Mn levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and results obtained were statistically compared. The concentration of Mn in nail and serum was significantly higher in migraine patients than those of control subjects. Although Zn and Cu concentrations in nail were increased in migraine group compared to control group, the difference was not statistically significant. There was a statistically significant increase in Cu level (p < 0.02) and decrease in Zn level in serum from patients with migraine compared to those of control group. The unchanged or increased levels of trace elements, which play important roles as prosthetic groups in SOD, in both nail and serum may suggest that the antioxidant enzyme activities are not negatively affected from the changes. The results obtained are discussed in the light of the literature on the relationship between migraine and trace elements plus antioxidant systems.