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    A GUIDE TO THE PREPARATION AND USE OF INTERVIEW TECHNIQUES IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH AND THE PLACE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE METHOD (EXAMPLE OF RESEARCH ON YOUTH AND DIFFERENT BELIEF TENDENCIES)
    (Ilahiyat Bilimleri Arastirma Vakfi, 2025) Ince, Abdullah; Erultunca, Tugba; Berber, Saliha Vidinlioglu; Temiz, Yunus Emre; Cinici, Murat
    This research aims to evaluate the interview technique, which is widely used in qualitative research, both in terms of its application steps and the difficulties encountered during its use, through the researcher's experiences. In addition, focuses on the usability of Artificial Intelligence technologies as a participant, which are widely used in research despite being the subject of intense debate and criticism today. Qualitative interviews, defined as a process of interaction and dialogue between the researcher and the interviewees, can provide detailed and in-depth answers beyond the explanation of the research questions within the framework of cause-and-effect relationships. This study discusses the process of constructing interview questions used in a qualitative study of belief and disbelief among university students. While the tendencies of disbelief among young people appear as agnosticism and atheism, the existence of young people who choose deism, which is one of the tendencies of belief, is also striking. The content of the study consists of the selection of questions prepared on atheism, agnosticism, and deism, the expert opinions used on the questions, the data obtained as a result of applying the questions to the pilot group, and, finally, the comparison of the answers obtained by applying the selected questions to artificial intelligence. This comparison was made to assess the potential impact of the questions on individuals with different belief tendencies and to observe the diversity of responses. The first part of the study examined the methodology of studies in the existing literature on belief tendencies. The focus was on issues such as question writing, question selection, word usage, and question order. The second part involved the writing and selection of semi-structured interview questions. The issues emphasized in this and subsequent stages are presented through the researcher's experience. In this context, questions related to atheism, deism, and agnosticism were written based on the existing literature on belief tendencies, and the process of creating interview questions was discussed, taking into consideration issues such as the selection of written questions, word choice, and which word would be more appropriate. In the process of writing and selecting the questions for the study, expert opinion was also used and an attempt was made to create the right phrase by exchanging ideas about the interview questions with both atheist and deist people. The third part of the study is the part where the expert opinions are taken into account and the questions are reformulated with these opinions. In addition to the methodological work of writing and selecting the questions, this part of the study includes the application of the questions to a pilot group and the artificial intelligence used as an interviewer, and the evaluation of the written questions. In the fourth section, the pilot application of the questions, the steps taken by the interviewer in asking the questions, the problems encountered, and his opinion on which questions worked and which did not, were examined. As a result of the pilot, the questions were re-examined, word choices were adjusted, questions were added, and removed, the order of questions was changed and the interview questions were rearranged. In the final part of the study, the existing questions were submitted to artificial intelligence. The aim is to evaluate the effect of the selected questions on people with different belief tendencies and to observe the diversity of responses by having the AI answer questions such as an atheist, an agnostic, and a deist person. Another notable aspect of the study is the examination of how artificial intelligence works in answering qualitative interview questions. Considering the potential contributions and limitations that artificial intelligence can provide in this type of qualitative research, an assessment of whether these technologies will replace human participants in the future offers important clues about the future of technology and human interaction. The ultimate aim is to contribute to a concrete description of what happens in the field when all that has been written, recommended, and criticized about the method is brought together with real field experience. At the outset, it should be made clear that the aim is not to provide a 'recipe book' for the use of the interview technique. Given the flexible nature of qualitative research, the ultimate aim of this study is to show that field experiences, which are often not clearly expressed, included, or excluded in the research field, are inherent in the steps of the preferred technique and to be one of the road maps illustrated with researcher experiences, especially for young researchers. In addition, the study offers original contributions to the use of artificial intelligence as an interviewer in qualitative research.
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    Religious Services in the February 6 Kahramanmaraş Earthquakes: A Field Study in the Context of Spiritual Counseling and Guidance
    (Anadolu Ilahiyat Akademisi, 2023) Ince, Abdullah; Temiz, Yunus Emre; Erdinc, Ziya
    Natural disasters are one of the periods when the need for religious services emerges clearly. This need is clearly seen from the interpretation of disasters to the solution of post-disaster mental and spiritual problems. The Presidency of Religious Affairs, in coordination with other state institutions, provided various services in order to meet the needs of the individiual and the society after natural disasters. Spiritual counseling and guidance, which is one of the most im-portant of these, is a service provided within the scope of meeting the psychological and spir-itual needs of people after a disaster, keeping their morale high and making sense of the disaster. The study is based on the following question: What are the spiritual counseling services provided by the religious officials in the acute period after the disaster, and how do these services work? The aim of this research is to determine the current status of the Spiritual Counseling and Guidance (SCG) service, which is an essential component of the religious services offered in the provinces most affected by the earthquake, by the Presidency of Religious Affairs after Kahramanmaras Earth-quakes on February 6, 2023, through the observations made on the service providers and service recipients, and to develop recommendations. This study was carried out by focusing on the cul-tural analysis (ethnography) design, which is one of the qualitative research approaches. Partic-ipated and unattended observation was used as a data collection technique in the research, and a semi-structured observation form was used as a data collection tool. At the end of this field research, it was observed that under the current conditions, SCG services are not based on a systematic counselor-counselee relationship, but rather on a consolation process in which vis-its, asking about well-being, chatting, reciting the Qur'an, and praying come to the fore. As it was the the first weeks after the earthquake, it was found that it was common to provide spir-itual counseling and guidance services (SCG) through funeral services, cemetery visits, conver-sations in mosques. It has been determined that the public`s approach to the services provided is positive, but the access to young people remains limited. One-to-one communication and reg-ular visits by the Directorate of Religious Affairs officials with the disaster victims facilitated services other than spiritual counseling and guidance. Therefore, reducing the services pro-vided by Directorate of Religious Affairs religious education only means not evaluating the ser-vice provided in the region sufficiently.