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    Plasma allopregnanolone levels in drug-free, comorbidity-free obsessive-compulsive disorder
    (Cumhurıyet unıv tıp fak psıkıyatrı anabılım dalı, cumhurıyet unıv tıp fak psıkıyatrı abd, sıvas, 58140, turkey, 2018) Ince, Lara Utku; Erbay, Lale Gonenir
    Objective: Although there are studies in the literature focusing on the relationship between neurosteroids and psychiatric disorders, the studies on patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are limited in number. Nevertheless, allopregnanolone, a neurosteroid, in OCD patients has not been investigated in this limited number of studies. Allopregnanolone is considered to have a role in the pathogenesis of many psychiatric disorders. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the neurosteroid allopregnanolone and OCD. Methods: The study included 40 OCD patients diagnosed based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria and 40 healthy control subjects. The study participants completed the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. Taking the diurnal rhythm of neurosteroids into consideration, blood samples for determination of plasma allopregnanolone levels were obtained from all patients and controls between 09: 00 and 10: 00 in the morning after 12 hours of fasting, tobacco abstinence, and 30 minutes of resting period. Plasma allopregnanolone level was analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: No significant difference was determined between the patient and control groups regarding serum allopregnanolone levels. Evaluation of the allopregnanolone levels of the patients for each obsession type according to its presence and absence revealed no significant difference in any of them. Evaluation of the allopregnanolone levels of the patients for each compulsion type according to its presence and absence revealed that the allopregnanolone level of the patients with counting-organizing compulsive behavior was lower than that of those without. Discussion: Although there was no difference between OCD patients and controls regarding plasma allopregnanolone level, it is difficult to make a conclusion that allopregnanolone level does not play a role in the etiopathogenesis of disease. Conducting further studies, which would analyze allopregnanolone level in materials other than plasma such as cerebrospinal fluid using multiple analyses and separately evaluates females and males with higher number of patients, is of importance to enlighten at least some aspects of allopregnanolone-OCD relationship. Moreover, significantly lower plasma allopregnanolone level particularly in a single type of compulsion brings in mind again the suggestion that different etiopathogenesis might have a role in the symptom subtypes of OCD, which has begun to be discussed in the recent years.
  • Küçük Resim Yok
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    Plasma allopregnanolone levels in drug-free, comorbidity-free obsessive-compulsive disorder
    (Cumhurıyet unıv tıp fak psıkıyatrı anabılım dalı, cumhurıyet unıv tıp fak psıkıyatrı abd, sıvas, 58140, turkey, 2018) Ince, Lara Utku; Erbay, Lale Gonenir
    Objective: Although there are studies in the literature focusing on the relationship between neurosteroids and psychiatric disorders, the studies on patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are limited in number. Nevertheless, allopregnanolone, a neurosteroid, in OCD patients has not been investigated in this limited number of studies. Allopregnanolone is considered to have a role in the pathogenesis of many psychiatric disorders. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the neurosteroid allopregnanolone and OCD. Methods: The study included 40 OCD patients diagnosed based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria and 40 healthy control subjects. The study participants completed the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. Taking the diurnal rhythm of neurosteroids into consideration, blood samples for determination of plasma allopregnanolone levels were obtained from all patients and controls between 09:00 and 10:00 in the morning after 12 hours of fasting, tobacco abstinence, and 30 minutes of resting period. Plasma allopregnanolone level was analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: No significant difference was determined between the patient and control groups regarding serum allopregnanolone levels. Evaluation of the allopregnanolone levels of the patients for each obsession type according to its presence and absence revealed no significant difference in any of them. Evaluation of the allopregnanolone levels of the patients for each compulsion type according to its presence and absence revealed that the allopregnanolone level of the patients with counting-organizing compulsive behavior was lower than that of those without. Discussion: Although there was no difference between OCD patients and controls regarding plasma allopregnanolone level, it is difficult to make a conclusion that allopregnanolone level does not play a role in the etiopathogenesis of disease. Conducting further studies, which would analyze allopregnanolone level in materials other than plasma such as cerebrospinal fluid using multiple analyses and separately evaluates females and males with higher number of patients, is of importance to enlighten at least some aspects of allopregnanolone-OCD relationship. Moreover, significantly lower plasma allopregnanolone level particularly in a single type of compulsion brings in mind again the suggestion that different etiopathogenesis might have a role in the symptom subtypes of OCD, which has begun to be discussed in the recent years.
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    Serum IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-?, and IFN-? levels in drug-free, comorbidity-free obsessive-compulsive disorder patients
    (Cumhuriyet Univ Tip Fak Psikiyatri Anabilim Dali, 2018) Erbay, Lale Gonenir; Akti Kavuran, Nursel; Taskapan, Cagatay; Ince, Lara Utku; Yologlu, Saim; Temelli, Husniye Gul; Unal, Suheyla
    Objective: Increasing evidence suggests that certain inflammatory factors, especially cytokines, can lead to neurochemical and behavioural changes via their role in the brain signalling system. Studies investigating cytokine abnormalities in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have yielded conflicting results thus far. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum IL-1, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma levels in drug-free, comorbidity-free patients with OCD. Methods: Forty comorbidity-free, drug-free OCD patients and 40 age-and sex-matched healthy volunteers were included in the study. Clinical severity was assessed using the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Evaluation Scale (YBOCES). Results: IL-1 levels were significantly higher and IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-alpha levels were significantly lower in patients than in controls. No differences were observed in IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-gamma levels. However, a negative relationship was found between IL-1 levels and compulsive symptoms (YBOCES) in OCD patients. Conclusions: Our findings suggest the possible role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of OCD. It is important to continue investigating the role of cytokines and other immunological markers in both the etiology and treatment of OCD.
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    Urinary retention in male patient associated with aripiprazole
    (Medicine Science, 2016) Ince, Lara Utku; Erbay, Lale Gonenir; Unal, Suheyla
    Öz: Başlık (İngilizce): Öz (İngilizce): Urinary retention and / or voiding difficulty are a rare side effect caused by the second generation antipsychotics. Aripiprazole has a lower incidence of adverse effects than other second generation antipsychotics (SGA) and aripiprazole can be used as an alternative treatment on patients who have urinary retention depending on antipsychotic use. Although there are limited data in literature about the effect of aripiprazole on urinary retention, a case was encountered urinary retention with the use of antidepressants and aripiprazole together. Also there is only one case in the literature about urinary retention occurred with aripiprazole. Our case emerged urinary retention with the addition of aripiprazole while under treatment of paroxetine. Patient's complaints have stopped with the discontinuation of aripiprazole and never emerged under treatment of paroxetine and risperidon e. We aimed to contribute this case because there is limited data in literature about this subject. As a result, adrenergic, cholinergic, serotonergic, dopaminergic and histaminergic pathways have role on control of micturition but it is not clear that on which pathway aripiprazole acts on urination. However there is no symptom of urinary retention after stopping aripiprazole and adding risperidone, shows that there is a different mechanism associated with voiding in this case. Additional studies need to be done to clarify the mechanism