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    Effects of laser irradiation at different wavelengths (660, 810, 980, and 1064 nm) on transient receptor potential melastatin channels in an animal model of wound healing
    (Springer London Ltd, 2015) Isman, Eren; Aras, Mutan Hamdi; Cengiz, Beyhan; Bayraktar, Recep; Yolcu, Umit; Topcuoglu, Tolga; Usumez, Aslihan
    The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of four different laser wavelengths used for low-level laser therapy(LLLT) on healing of mucositis in an animal model of wound healing, by investigating expression of transient receptor potential melastatin(TRPM) ion channels. Forty-five rats were intraperitoneally injected with 100 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil on day 1 and 65 mg/kg on day 3. Superficial scratching on left cheek pouch mucosa was performed on days 3 and 5. After ulcerative mucositis was clinically detected, LLLT was started (660 nm, HELBO; 810 nm, Fotona-XD; 980 nm, ARC-Fox; and 1064 nm, Fidelis-Plus3) at 8 J/cm(2)/day from days 1 to 4. Oval excisional biopsy was performed at the wound site, and expression of TRPM2 to TRPM8 was evaluated. Student's t test was used for evaluation of significance of TRPM gene expression according to 0 value (alpha = 0.05). In 980-nm group, TRPM4, TRPM6, and TRPM7 were significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.005). In 660, 810, and 1064 nm groups, only TRPM6 was significantly higher than in control group (p < 0.005). There were no significant differences between control and sham groups (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that expression of TRPM6 gene was significantly affected by irradiation with lasers at different wavelengths, whereas the TRPM4 and TRPM7 genes were only expressed in the 980-nm diode laser group. TRPM6 gene was highly expressed during LLLT, which may lead to accelerated wound healing and tissue repair. In contrast, there was some evidence that the 980-nm diode laser caused increased expression of TRPM4, TRPM6, and TRPM7 which are responsible for stimulation of Ca2+ and Mg2+ metabolism, as well as apoptotic pathways of controlled cell death.
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    In-vitro assessment of temperature rise in the pulp during orthodontic bonding
    (Mosby-Elsevier, 2010) Malkoc, Siddik; Uysal, Tancan; Usumez, Serdar; Isman, Eren; Baysal, Asli
    Introduction: In this in-vitro study, we evaluated the temperature changes in the pulp chamber during bracket bonding using 4 different light sources. Methods: Eighty intact extracted maxillary central incisors were used. The teeth were divided into 4 groups of 20 teeth each. Brackets (Mini Twin, Dentaurum, Ispringen, Germany) were bonded with Transbond XT (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif) adhesive and light cured with low-intensity halogen light for 40 seconds, high-intensity halogen light for 40 seconds, light-emitting diode (LED) light for 20 seconds, and plasma arc light (PAC) for 6 seconds. Light curing was performed 5 mm from tooth surfaces. A J-type thermocouple wire was positioned in the center of the pulp chamber. The results were analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey HSD test. Results: ANOVA and the Tukey HSD test showed that pulp chamber temperature changes were influenced by the type of light source. All groups showed significant differences between each other (P <0.001). The intrapulpal temperature changes induced by different light sources were the following: high-intensity halogen (6.84 degrees C +/- 2.44 degrees C), low-intensity halogen (4.71 degrees C +/- 0.96 degrees C), LED (2.95 degrees C +/- 1.12 degrees C), and PAC (0.96 degrees C +/- 0.83 degrees C). Conclusions: High-and low-intensity halogen light induced significantly higher intrapulpal temperature changes than did the LED and PAC. Except for the high intensity halogen light, orthodontic bonding with light-curing units did not exceed the critical 5.5 degrees C rise in temperature reported to produce pulpal damage. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2010; 137: 379-83)
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    Surgically Assisted Rapid Maxillary Expansion (SARME) Treatment in a Severe Maxillary Constriction Patient: Case Report
    (Aves Press Ltd, 2011) Isman, Eren; Aksakalli, Sertac; Malkoc, Siddik
    The purpose of this article was to apply surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion in an adult patient who had severe maxillary constriction followed by two maxillary canine impactions for gaining Class I canine-molar relationship and determine the changes before and after treatment. 18,5 years of age Caucasian female was referred to our clinic with the primary complaint of unaesthetic smile and anterior crowding. In model cast analysis, it has been determined that there was 5.1 mm space requirement in mandible and 12.3 mm in maxilla. Overjet was 6.8 mm, overbite was 2.2 mm. The treatment plan consisted of leveling and alignment of maxillary and mandibular teeth after the SARME. An acrylic cap expansion appliance was preferred. Class I canine-molar relationship at the end of the treatment was aimed. After the treatment the maxillary constriction has been eliminated and class I molar relationship was established on both sides. The radiographic evaluation revealed 3.9 mm nasal and 5.2 mm maxillary width widening. The smile esthetic was improved and the malpositions of the teeth were relieved. As a conclusion; SARME is a successful treatment modality for adult patients requiring palatal expansion.