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    Evaluation of prina for use in asphalt modification
    (Elsevier, 2022) Geckil, Tacettin; Issi, Semih; Ince, Ceren Beyza
    In this study, the usability of prina, which is a biomass waste, in asphalt modification was evaluated by investigating its effects on the physical, rheological, microstructural and chemical characteristics of asphalt binder. For this, modified asphalt binders were obtained by adding prina (wt. 5, 10, 15, 20 %) to pure B160/220 penetration class asphalt. The properties of the pure and modified binder samples were determined by exposure to penetration, ductility, softening point, dynamic shear rheometer, rotational viscometer, bending beam rheometer, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and elemental analysis tests. According to the physical test results, with the addition of 15 % prina, the penetration and ductility values of asphalt binders decreased by 26.4 % and 14.4 %, respectively, and the softening point values increased by 11.3 %. In addition, it was observed that the temperature sensitivity of the binder decreased by 58.2 % at this rate and the penetration class changed to B 100/150. The rheological test results showed that the permanent deformation (rutting) resistance of binders with 15 % prina added in particular increased at 6 degrees C higher temperatures compared to pure asphalt, and the prina modified binders behaved like a more elastic solid despite hardening. Chemical characterization results showed that prina additive contributed to the increase in the flexibility of modified binders due to its cellulosic and flexible structure. As a result, it is evaluated that prina can be used as a remedial additive in asphalt modification and contribute to the increase of pavement performance, and also that the damage of this waste material to the environment can be eliminated.
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    The Workability and Permanent Deformation Resistance of Pirina Modified Bitumens at High Temperatures
    (Gazi Univ, 2022) Geckil, Tacettin; Ince, Ceren Beyza; Issi, Semih
    In this study, the effect of pirina, which is an agricultural waste, on the workability and permanent deformation resistance of bituminous binders at high temperatures were investigated. For this purpose, firstly, modified bitumens were obtained by adding 5, 10, 15 and 20% by weight of pirina to pure B 160/220 bitumen. Physical properties of pure and modified bitumens are determined by penetration, softening point and ductility tests; fluidity and workability properties at high temperatures by the rotational viscometer (RV) test; the permanent deformation resistance of the binders by dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test; their chemical characterizations were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. According to the physical and RV test results, it was observed that the binders tended to harden, their viscosity decreased and the workability temperatures increased accordingly. In addition, it has been determined that the temperature sensitivity of the binders decreases with the addition of pirina. According to DSR test results, the resistance of pure bitumen against permanent deformations at 58 degrees C high temperature increased to 64 degrees C, especially by 15% due to the increase in the additive of pirina. According to the chemical characterization results, it was observed that the bitumen-pirina blend formed a homogeneous single-phase structure and the blend became an elastic structure despite hardening due to the cellulosic structure of the raw pirina. As a result, it was observed that the workability of the binders hardened with the pirina additive, but their resistance to permanent deformation at high temperatures increased.