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    3R, 3?R zeaxanthin Protects Retina from Photo-Oxidative Damage: in vivo model
    (Wiley, 2017) Sahin, Nurhan; Akdemir, Fatih; Orhan, Cemal; Tuzcu, Mehmet; Yilmaz, Ismet; Juturu, Vijaya
    [Abstract Not Available]
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    ?-Cryptoxanthin ameliorates metabolic risk factors by regulating NF-?B and Nrf2 pathways in insulin resistance induced by high-fat diet in rodents
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2017) Sahin, Kazim; Orhan, Cemal; Akdemir, Fatih; Tuzcu, Mehmet; Sahin, Nurhan; Yilmaz, Ismet; Juturu, Vijaya
    The aim of this experiment was to determine the effects of beta-cryptoxanthin (BCX) on the cardiometabolic health risk factors and NF-kappa B and Nrf2 pathway in insulin resistance induced by high-fat diet (HFD) in rodents. Twenty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into four groups: (1) Control, rats fed a standard diet for 12 weeks; (2) BCX, rats fed a standard diet and supplemented with BCX (2.5 mg/kg BW) for 12 weeks; (3) HFD, rats fed a HFD for 12 weeks, (4) HFD + BCX, rats fed a HFD and supplemented with BCX for 12 weeks. BCX reduced cardio-metabolic health markers and decreased inflammatory markers (P < 0.001). Rats fed a HFD had the lower total antioxidant capacity and antioxidant enzymes activities and higher MDA concentration than control rats (P < 0.001 for all). Comparing with the HFD group, BCX in combination with HFD inhibited liver NF-kappa B and TNF-alpha expression by 22% and 14% and enhanced liver Nrf2, HO-1, PPAR-alpha, and p-IRS-1 by 1.43,1.41, 3.53, and 1.33 fold, respectively (P < 0.001). Furthermore, in adipose tissue, BCX up-regulated Nrf2, HO-1, PPAR-alpha, and p-IRS-1 expression, whereas, down-regulated NF-kappa B and TNF-alpha expression. In conclusion, BCX decreased visceral fat and cardiometabolic health risk factors through modulating expressions of nuclear transcription factors. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Dietary Mango Ginger May Enhance the Exercise Performance and Reduces Lipid Profile when Combined with Treadmill Running in a Rat Model
    (Wiley, 2017) Sahin, Kazim; Tuzcu, Mehmet; Orhan, Cemal; Sahin, Nurhan; Akdemir, Fatih; Pala, Ragip; Juturu, Vijaya
    [Abstract Not Available]
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    The efficacy of dietary curcumin on growth performance, lipid peroxidation and hepatic transcription factors in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss (Walbaum) reared under different stocking densities
    (Wiley, 2017) Akdemir, Fatih; Orhan, Cemal; Tuzcu, Mehmet; Sahin, Nurhan; Juturu, Vijaya; Sahin, Kazim
    Curcumin, derived from Curcuma longa, exerts antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer and immunomodulatory properties. This study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary water-soluble curcumin (0, 200 or 400mgkg(-1)) on growth performance and antioxidant status in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum) rearing under normal (20kgm(-3)) or high (100kgm(-3)) stocking density conditions. A significant increase in body weight (FBW), feed intake (FI) and weight gain (BWG) was observed in fish fed with curcumin-supplemented diet at 200mgkg(-1) of diet levels of high stocking density conditions (P<0.0001), whereas feed conversion ratio (FCR) was not significant. Also, serum and liver malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were decreased by dietary curcumin in crowded fish (P<0.01, for both). With curcumin supplementation, expressions of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70; P<0.0001) and hepatic nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-B; P<0.01) decreased, whereas expressions of hepatic nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF-E2)-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) (P<0.001, for both) increased in fish exposed to high stocking density. In conclusion, curcumin supplementation alleviates adverse effects of high stocking density on performance through modulating expressions of stress-related nuclear transcription factors in rainbow trout.
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    Lutein and Zeaxanthin isomers (L/Zi) Modulate Photo-Oxidative Retinal Damage in an Animal Model
    (Assoc Research Vision Ophthalmology Inc, 2017) Juturu, Vijaya; Akdemir, Fatih; Orhan, Cemal; Tuzcu, Mehmet; Sahin, Nurhan; Yilmaz, Ismet; Sahin, Kazim
    [Abstract Not Available]
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    Mesozeaxanthin Protects Retina from Oxidative Stress in a Rat Model
    (Mary Ann Liebert, Inc, 2016) Orhan, Cemal; Akdemir, Fatih; Tuzcu, Mehmet; Sahin, Nurhan; Yilmaz, Ismet; Deshpande, Jayant; Juturu, Vijaya
    Purpose: Mesozeaxanthin (MZ) is able to protect against chronic and cumulative eye damage and neutralize free radicals produced by oxidative stress. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the protective potential of MZ against retinal oxidative damage and growth and transcription factors of the retina in rats fed with high-fat diet (HFD). Methods: Twenty-eight Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following 4 groups: (1) Control, (2) MZ (100 mg/kg bw/d), (3) HFD (42% of calories as fat), and (4) HFD+MZ (100 mg/kg bw/d) group rats were administered daily as supplement for 12 weeks. Results: Consumption of HFD was associated with hyperglycemia and oxidative stress as reflected by increased serum MDA concentration (P < 0.001). No measurable zeaxanthin (Z)+MZ and lutein (L) could be detected in the serum of control and HFD rats, whereas they were observed in the serum of MZ-administered rats. Retinal antioxidant enzyme [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)] activities were significantly decreased in the HFD group compared to the normal group (P < 0.01). However, retinal antioxidant enzymes were restored close to normal levels in HFD+MZ-treated rats (P < 0.05). The retina of rats fed with HFD had increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), inducible nitric oxide (iNOS), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) levels and decreased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme-oxygenase 1(HO-1) levels compared to the healthy rat retina (P < 0.001). Rats treated with MZ partially alleviated the inflammation as reflected by suppressed VEGF, iNOS, ICAM, and NF-kB levels and increased Nrf2 and HO-1 levels in the retina of rats fed (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Results from the present study suggest that MZ has protective effects on the retina and the ability to modulate oxidative stress of retina in rats fed an HFD by suppressing retinal lipid peroxidation and regulating growth and transcription factors.