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    Bibliometric Trends and Thematic Areas in Research on Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome in Children: A Comprehensive Review
    (Springer, 2024) Kacmaz, Cihangir; Celik, Osman Tayyar; Saglam, Mehmet; Kay, Mehmet Akif; Inci, Ramazan
    This study aims to explore trends and principal research areas in the literature on Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS) in children aged 0-17 from a macro perspective. A total of 236 studies, selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria from the Web of Science and Scopus databases, formed the data source for this research. We conducted a bibliometric analysis to examine the growth of CDS literature and to identify the most productive countries, relevant journals and publications, and trending topics. Additionally, through content analysis, we identified general research themes, sample trends, and methodologies used in these studies. Our findings reveal that the relatively new field of CDS research is expanding. Our thematic analysis shows that the literature on CDS covers a broad spectrum of research topics, addressing various facets of the syndrome and identifying current research themes. The existing studies highlight the complex nature of CDS and its diverse cognitive, psychological, and neurological impacts. Our results also suggest that while research is more prevalent in certain age groups, there is a need to encompass a wider demographic range, considering CDS's potential impact across different life stages. This bibliometric analysis offers a comprehensive review of the current knowledge in the CDS field, providing a valuable resource for researchers. Our analyses and findings can guide future research in this area and suggest approaches for broader study frameworks. It is anticipated that ongoing and future research in the CDS field will incorporate these insights to more effectively address the syndrome's varied aspects and consequences.
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    Difficulties faced by children with autism spectrum disorders after an earthquake: a study from parents' perspectives
    (Nature Portfolio, 2025) Kay, Mehmet Akif; Karaca, Muhammed Abdulbaki; Celik, Osman Tayyar; Kacmaz, Cihangir
    The February 6, 2023 Kahramanmara & scedil; earthquake severely affected 11 provinces in T & uuml;rkiye, disrupting services for vulnerable groups. This research aims to examine the difficulties that children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) face in education, health, and social support services from the parental perspective following the earthquakes centered in Kahramanmara & scedil; on February 6, 2023. The research used a basic qualitative research method and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 parents residing in Malatya, which was affected by the earthquake. The data obtained were examined with content analysis method. Students diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder have been found to experience significant declines in their educational performance, health routines (in adapting to them) and basic skills such as going to the toilet, eating and self-care. At the same time, parents faced difficulties in accessing health and social services. As a result of the research, it was determined that the interruption of the daily routines of children diagnosed with ASD and their alienation from their social environments after the disaster increased behavioral and emotional problems. It was emphasized that alternative education models should be developed for children diagnosed with ASD during disaster periods and families should be encouraged to take an active role in this process. Following disasters, ABA practices, mobile tools and teletherapy should be integrated into technology-based disaster response policies to continue ASD training and therapy.
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    Life Satisfaction in Adolescence: A Bibliometric Analysis
    (Springer, 2025) Kacmaz, Cihangir; Celik, Osman Tayyar
    This study aimed to analyze 814 adolescent life satisfaction studies using bibliometric methods and to reveal the knowledge base, trends, and thematic areas in this research area. Our findings revealed that adolescent life satisfaction research has a history of approximately 45 years, with a notable increase in publications after 2010. Our analysis shows that the United States and China are the most prolific countries in the number of publications and that almost half of the studies in the adolescent life satisfaction literature are funded, with the highest funding rates in countries such as the UK, China, and Sweden. Thematic analysis shows that Psychosocial well-being and support systems, Healthy life behaviors, and Psychological health are the main focus areas. Recent trends emphasize COVID- 19 and meaning in life. Our study emphasizes the interdisciplinary nature of life satisfaction research in adolescents and underlines the focus on protective factors for life satisfaction.
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    Post-earthquake emotional and behavioral problems in children: parent experiences, coping strategies, and predictive factors
    (Frontiers Media Sa, 2026) Tunc, Yunus; Celik, Osman Tayyar; Kacmaz, Cihangir
    Objective In this study, the emotional and behavioral problems observed in children aged 6-11 years following the Kahramanmaras earthquakes in T & uuml;rkiye on February 6, 2023, have been examined based on parental experiences, and it has been investigated whether the psychological resilience and warmth of the parents could predict these problems.Methods The study was conducted using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design. Fifty-five parents met the inclusion criteria for the qualitative phase, while 398 parents participated in the quantitative phase. Participants were identified using convenience and snowball sampling methods. Content analysis was applied to the qualitative data, while the quantitative data underwent analysis through descriptive statistics, T-tests, ANOVA, correlation studies, and hierarchical linear regression. In the quantitative phase, the Emotional and Behavioral Problems Questionnaire, the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), and the Parent Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (PARQ) warmth/affection subscale were used.Results The study revealed that, according to parents' perceptions, children's emotional problems after the earthquake revealed themselves with symptoms such as loneliness, constant anxiety about the earthquake, and fear of the dark, and parents reported various behavioral problems with their children. Parents tackled these issues by demonstrating resilience, warmth, protective actions, and trust-building. The quantitative research revealed substantial evidence of these issues' prevalence in children and the influence of parental factors and family dynamics.Conclusion It was determined that parental psychological resilience is a key factor in predicting parents' reported emotional and behavioral problems for children, unlike parental warmth. Moreover, aspects such as household income and the number of siblings were also linked to parents' reported emotional and behavioral problems for children. The study thus provides a comprehensive framework for appreciating and aiding children's emotional and behavioral responses.
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    Teachers' experiences of inappropriate sexual behaviors in children with intellectual disabilities
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2026) Bilmez, Besime; Celik, Osman Tayyar; Kacmaz, Cihangir
    The purpose of this study is to examine in depth the experiences of teachers regarding the sexual development and inappropriate sexual behaviors of students with intellectual disabilities who are enrolled in special education. Our study was conducted in Bing & ouml;l province, located in eastern T & uuml;rkiye. Conducted using a qualitative research design, the study involved semi-structured interviews with 17 special education teachers selected through criterion and maximum diversity sampling, all of whom had at least one year of experience. Our analysis revealed five main themes: inappropriate sexual behaviors, intervention and prevention strategies, emotional and professional challenges for teachers, family attitudes and cooperation, and needs and recommendations. Our findings indicate that unauthorized physical contact, masturbation and undressing in inappropriate settings, verbal harassment, and romantic interest in the teacher are commonly encountered behaviors. Most teachers intervene in these behaviors in an immediate and reactive manner. Planned, evidence-based practices and systematic sexuality/privacy education remain limited. Our results emphasize the importance of delivering sexuality education in a proactive, structured manner based on stakeholder collaboration, rather than reactively. Furthermore, teacher competencies, institutional procedures, and home-school collaboration were identified as important needs. Our research findings conclude by discussing important implications for school-based intervention programs and policymakers.
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    The Happiness Experiences of Refugee Children at School: a Phenomenological Study
    (Springer, 2025) Celik, Osman Tayyar; Kahraman, Umit; Kacmaz, Cihangir; Icen, Betul Kapkin
    This study utilized the phenomenological research approach to examine the school happiness experiences of refugee children who migrated to T & uuml;rkiye. This research builds on Bronfenbrenner's ecological model. The research was conducted with 27 Syrian refugee middle school students studying in Malatya, and data were collected using a semi-structured interview form. The data were analyzed through content analysis. The findings revealed that friendship, language, and communication skills, activities suited to their interests and talents, and teacher support were of critical importance in the school happiness experiences of refugee students. While refugee students expressed great happiness in spending time with their friends, they also experienced negative situations such as bullying and social exclusion. Language and communication problems constituted a significant barrier in the school adaptation process of refugee students and led to their isolation. Additionally, activities suited to their interests and talents reinforced their sense of belonging to the school and contributed to their social acceptance. Consequently, strategies should be developed to positively enhance friendships, strengthen language and communication skills, encourage activities suited to their interests and talents, and increase teacher support to improve the school happiness of refugee students and support their social integration.
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    The mediating role of digital addiction in the relationship between cognitive disengagement syndrome and problem-solving skills
    (Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2026) Celik, Osman Tayyar; Kacmaz, Cihangir
    BackgroundThere is a growing interest in the effects of Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS) on children. Despite concerns about the effects of CDS on cognitive abilities, especially in children, research is quite limited. It is important to understand the mechanisms of CDS on problem-solving skills.AimThis study aims to investigate the relationship of CDS with problem solving skills in children and also to examine the potential mediating role of digital addiction.MethodThe study was cross-sectional research involving 433 middle school children aged 11 and 14.ResultsOur results showed that there were positive relationships between CDS and digital addiction, negative relationships between CDS and problem solving skills, and negative relationships between digital addiction and problem solving skills. Moreover, our findings suggest that CDS is associated with problem-solving skills both directly and indirectly through digital addiction.ConclusionIntervention programs developed for children with or at risk of CDS should incorporate practices to enhance problem-solving skills and behavioral interventions to balance their use of digital tools.
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    The relationship between cognitive disengagement syndrome and social withdrawal in adolescents: the mediating role of social anxiety and the moderating role of gender
    (Springer, 2025) Kacmaz, Cihangir; Celik, Osman Tayyar; Tunc, Yunus
    Increasing evidence for the psychological, physiological and social multidimensional effects of Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome has made CDS a focus of interest for researchers. Understanding the effects of CDS is critical for individuals' social and psychological well-being. The purpose of this study is to investigate the connections among Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS), social anxiety, and social withdrawal. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 431 high school students in a province of Turkey. Data were collected using the Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome Scale, Hikikomori Questionnaire (HQ) and Social Anxiety Scale. Direct and indirect effects of CDS are discussed. It was also revealed that social anxiety mediated the relationship between CDS and social withdrawal and gender had a moderating effect. The relationship between CDS and social anxiety is stronger in female adolescents, and the indirect effect of CDS on social withdrawal is higher in females. The research results have important implications based on the effect of CDS on social interactions.
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    The relationship between social support and life satisfaction in adolescents after Kahramanmaraş earthquakes: Serial mediation of resilience and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms
    (Sage Publications Ltd, 2026) Karabulut, Ridvan; Kacmaz, Cihangir; Celik, Osman Tayyar
    This study aimed to examine the relationship between perceived social support and life satisfaction among adolescents who experienced the 6 February 2023 Kahramanmara & scedil;-centered earthquakes, in the context of the serial mediation roles of psychological resilience and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. The study included a total of 692 high school students (mean age = 15.62, SD = 1.29) enrolled in schools in Malatya, one of the provinces most affected by the earthquakes. The data were collected using the Student's Life Satisfaction Scale, the Brief Resilience Scale, the Perceived Social Support Scale, and the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Scale. In the preliminary analyses, independent samples t-tests, one-way ANOVAs, and Pearson correlation analyses were used. The serial mediation model, in which social support was the independent variable, life satisfaction was the dependent variable, and psychological resilience and PTSD were the mediating variables, respectively, was tested using Model 6 of the PROCESS macro. The findings revealed that perceived social support in adolescents significantly predicts life satisfaction in a positive direction, and that psychological resilience and PTSD play a mediating role in the relationship between social support and life satisfaction. Our results suggest that, in the context of serial mediation, increased social support following the earthquake is associated with enhanced psychological resilience. Increased psychological resilience, in turn, predicts a decrease in PTSD levels, which is linked to higher life satisfaction. These findings suggest that post-disaster mental health interventions should prioritize strengthening adolescents' social support networks and resilience capacities to reduce PTSD and promote long-term psychological well-being.
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    The Sources of Parental Anxiety in Children's Education Scale: Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version
    (Wiley, 2025) Kacmaz, Cihangir; Celik, Osman Tayyar; Candemir, Burcu; Kahraman, Umit; Sari, Tamer
    Parental educational anxiety, which refers to the anxiety and stress they experience about their children's academic performance, learning processes, and educational environments, has become an important research topic in recent years. In this context, developing or adapting scales for understanding parents' concerns to different cultures is of critical importance for research. The aim of this study is to determine the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of originally developed in the Chinese context. Building on this foundation, the study highlights the need for culturally responsive tools to assess parental educational anxiety, particularly in T & uuml;rkiye, where educational pressures are pronounced. The study data were obtained from 342 parents of students attending grades 1-8. The results of the analyses revealed that the Turkish version of the scale consisted of 17 items and four sub-dimensions as in the original. As a result of confirmatory factor analysis, it was seen that the four-factor structure of the scale had good fit values as in the original research. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the factors of the scale was calculated as 0.86 for the highest, 0.77 for the lowest, and 0.90 for the overall scale. The item-total test correlation and the test-retest reliability for each scale item showed strong internal consistency. These results provided strong evidence for the validity and reliability. These findings underscore the scale's robustness and its applicability in the Turkish context, paving the way for further research on parental educational anxiety.