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    Novel hybrid isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione compounds containing a 1H-tetrazole moiety: Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking studies
    (Wiley, 2022) Tan, Ayse; Kizilkaya, Serap; Noma, Samir A. A.; Ates, Burhan; Kara, Yunus
    In this study, novel hybrid isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione compounds (10 and 11) carrying a 1H-tetrazole moiety were synthesized, characterized and their inhibitory properties against xanthine oxidase (XO) and carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes (hCA I and hCA II) were investigated. Allopurinol for XO and acetazolamide for carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes were used as positive standards in inhibition studies. In addition, compounds 8 and 9, which were obtained in the intermediate step, were also investigated for their inhibition effects against the three enzymes. According to the enzyme inhibition results, hybrid isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione derivatives 10 and 11 showed significant inhibitory effects against all three enzymes. Surprisingly, compound 8, containing a SCN functional group, exhibited a greater inhibitory effect than the other compounds against hCA I and hCA II. The IC50 values of compound 8 against hCA I and hCA II were found to be 3.698 +/- 0.079 and 3.147 +/- 0.083 mu M, respectively. Compound 8 (IC50 = 4.261 +/- 0.034 mu M) showed higher activity than allopurinol (IC50 = 4.678 +/- 0.029 mu M) and the other compounds against XO, as well. These results clearly show the effect of the SCN group on the inhibition. In addition, in silico molecular docking studies were performed to understand the molecular interactions between each compound and enzymes, and the results were evaluated.
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    Selecting and Analyzing Appropriate Probability Distributions for Reliability of Electrical Transmission Lines
    (2021) Kara, Yunus; Canal, Mehmet Rahmi; Sefa, İbrahim; Boran, Fatih Emre
    Reliability is the ability of a system or system components to function within a specified time under specified conditions. One of the most important criteria of electricity transmission systems is to be able to keep the energy on the system continuously within the limits and to be interrupted for the least possible time.The reliability study offers important advantages such as determining the appropriate operating range of the system and making the necessary intervention. In this study, it is aimed to show that when the maintenance and operation activities of electricity transmission lines are carried out with Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) in the foreground, the transmission lines can be interrupted for the least amount of time within the specified limits. In this direction, reliability analysis has been conducted using transmission line fault data.In the study, the Anderson-Darling goodness of fit test was performed to determine from which statistical distribution the transmission line fault data came from. The reliability of the transmission line was evaluated with the Log-normal distribution, which was determined by the goodness of fit. As a result of the reliability assessment, the reliability of the transmission line was found to be low. The advantages that transmission lines can provide when maintenance and operating activities are conducted based on reliability are presented.