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    Adenosine deaminase level in the serum of the patients Toxoplasma gondii seropositive and Giardia intestinalis
    (Academic Journals, 2009) Karaman, Uelkue; Beytur, Leyla; Kiran, Tugba Raika; Colak, Cemil
    Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is an aminohydrolase making adenosine, deoksiadenozini inozin, and deocsiniozine deaminise irreversibly and plays role in the catabolism of purine nucleotids. Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonoses intracellular parasite that causes infection in animals and humans. This parasite encompasses enzymes that produce free radicals such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. In addition, Giardia intestinalis is another parasite that causes irritations in mucosa, over mucus discharge, aggravating former inflammations, and various absorption defects. In the present study, it has been aimed to compare ADA levels between T. gondii seropositive (IgG seropositive but symptomless patients), G. intestinalis positive patients, and control group. Thus, ADA levels between 32 patients being T. gondii seropositive and 29 controls and between 50 patients' G. intestinalis positive and 40 controls have been evaluated. The results were analyzed using independent samples t-test at the level of p < 0.05. According to this, in the statistical comparison between the parameters of patient and control groups, a meaningful decrease could be determined in ADA levels. This situation can be commented in the way that toxoplasmosis infection being inactive does not necessarily cause an increase in T lymphocytes. In addition, this decrease can be due to increasing oxidative stress in parasitic infections.
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    The Epidemiology of Microsporidias in Humans (Malatya sample)
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2009) Karaman, Uelkue; Daldal, Nilguen; Atambay, Metin; Colak, Cemil
    Aim: Microsporidias, first isolated and defined in 1857, are obligate intracellular parasites observed in animal groups and especially invertebrates. Generally homosexual patients and patients who are HIV positive and immune suppressed constitute the participants of international studies about the epidemiology of microsporidias. No previous studies about the prevalence of the parasite in Turkey have been found in the literature. This study aimed to determine the epidemiology of microsporidias in and around Malatya. Materials and Methods: Feces samples (n: 2665) from patients who presented at inonu University Medical Faculty policlinics in 2006 with some digestive system complaints and were referred to the Parasitology Department were analyzed. The samples were analyzed using modified trichrome (MTS). Acid-Fast-Trichrome, Calcofluor, and Giemsa staining. Results: In all 226 samples (8.5%) were positive. There was a statistically significant relationship between lack of appetite, general body pruritus. immune suppression + cancer. dyspnea, and ulcerative colitis. Conclusions: It is important to check feces samples for Microsporidium spp. parasites regularly for cases including unexplained diarrhea, stomachache, lack of appetite, general pruritus, immune suppression + cancer, asthma, and ulcerative colitis, since Microsporidium spp. is not a commonly known parasite in Turkey.
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    MALONDIALDEHYDE, GLUTATHIONE AND NITRIC OXIDE LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH ENTEROBIUS VERMICULARIS INFECTION
    (Ankara Microbiology Soc, 2010) Kiran, Tugba Raika; Karaman, Uelkue; Colak, Cemil; Karabulut, Aysun Bay; Daldal, Nilguen
    The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) which are indicators of oxidative stress and also the level of glutathione (GSH) which is an antioxiclant molecule, in patients with Enterobius vermicularis infection. A total of 41 patients (mean age: 36.4 years; 31 were male) and 40 healthy controls (mean age: 40.2 years; 28 were male) were included to the study. None of the patients and controls have had history of hormone/steroid drug use, smoking and alcoholism. The mean level of GSH in patient and control groups were found 1.17 +/- 0.02 mu mol/l and 2.49 +/- 0.10 mu mol/l; MDA 26.97 +/- 2.06 mu mol/l and 19.47 +/- 2.25 mu mol/l; NO 20.74 +/- 0.60 pmol/dl and 17.83 O.SO pmol/dI, respectively. The mean GSH level in patient group was statistically significantly lower (p< 0.05) than controls, while the mean MDA and NO levels were statistically significantly higher (p< 0.05). These results indicated that the consumption of GSH was increased due to the severity of oxidative stress in patients infected with E.vermicularis. Detailed experimental and clinical studies are required to enlighten the relation of GSH in the pathogenesis of E.vermicularis infection. Since oxidative stress is increased during enterobiosis, the use of antioxiclant agents (e.g. vitamins C and E) for the supportive treatment deserves evaluation.