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Öğe Acute effects of high intensity interval training on cognitive function in smokers and nonsmokers(2025) Karakaş, Neşe; Özyalın, Fatma; Kartal, Mert; Kapikiran, Gurkan; Bayer, Ramazan; Kurt, Zeynep Eker; Bayer, EdaThe use of tobacco is widespread among both active and inactive individuals. However, its adverse effects appear less pronounced in those who exercise regularly. Since smoking may differentially impact smokers and nonsmokers, this study examined the immediate effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cognitive performance in both groups. Forty inactive participants (20 smokers, 20 nonsmokers) were included, with mean ages of 20.35±1.26 and 20.15±1.38 years, respectively. The HIIT protocol involved five exercises. Cognitive performance was assessed immediately after the session using the Visual Cognitive Function Test (VCFT) and Auditory Cognitive Function Test (ACFT), each repeated five times, with results recorded in milliseconds. Pre-test VCFT scores were significantly higher in smokers (381.16±7.96 ms) compared to nonsmokers (372.24±11.17 ms, p=0.006). Post-test scores also differed (smokers: 607.50±43.33 ms; nonsmokers: 577.66±20.78 ms, p=0.007). The improvement from pre- to post-test was greater in nonsmokers (-48.39 ms, p < 0.001) than in smokers (-25.39 ms, p=0.021). In ACFT, no significant group differences were found at pre-test (p=0.080) or post-test (p=0.079), but both groups showed significant improvement following HIIT (p<0.001). These results suggest that smoking impairs visual cognitive performance more than auditory function after high-intensity exercise. The differences may stem from smoking-related vascular and neural plasticity deficits, which are critical for cognitive processing during and after exercise. Significance statement: This study highlights that smoking specifically reduces visual cognitive benefits from HIIT, while auditory function remains less affected. These findings emphasize the neurobiological consequences of smoking and support the role of exercise interventions in mitigating its adverse cognitive effects.Öğe The Effect of Emergency Nurses' Psychological Resilience on Their Thanatophobic Behaviors: A Cross-Sectional Study(Sage Publications Inc, 2022) Kartal, Mert; Kapikiran, Gurkan; Karakas, NesePurpose This study analyzed the effect of emergency nurses' psychological resilience on their thanatophobic behaviors. Methods The research was conducted with 156 emergency nurses. In the data collection process, the Socio-Demographic Information Form, the Brief Resilience Scale, and the Thanatophobia Scale were used. Results It was found that emergency nurses had medium-level psychological resilience and high-level thanatophobia. Besides, it was discerned that there was a moderate negative relationship between psychological resilience and thanatophobia (r:-.643, p: 0.000). Lastly, as per the simple linear regression analysis, it was identified that the predictor variable of psychological resilience accounted for 40.9% of the variance in the predicted variable of thanatophobia (R-2:.409, p: 0.000). Practice Implications Emergency nurses, who are faced with many negative situations, need to have a high level of psychological resilience in order to get out of the mental state brought by negative conditions as soon as possible, and it is recommended to carry out applications to increase psychological resilience.Öğe The effects of the nomophobic behaviors of emergency room nurses on their clinical decision-making perceptions: A cross-sectional study(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2023) Kapikiran, Gurkan; Karakas, Nese; Kartal, MertThis study analyzed the effects of the nomophobic behaviors of emergency room nurses on their clinical decision -making perceptions. This descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed with the participation of 186 nurses working in emergency rooms of certain hospitals located in eastern Turkey. In the data collection process, a sociodemographic data form, the Nomophobia Questionnaire, and the Clinical Decision-Making in Nursing Scale were used. It was discerned that the participants had medium-level nomophobia (66.64 +/- 25.36) and clinical decision-making perceptions (149.00 +/- 26.33). A strong negative relationship was identified between nomophobia and clinical decision-making perceptions (r:-.730, p < 0.01). Moreover, it was found that the predictor variable, nomophobia explained 53% of the variance in the predicted variable, clinical decision-making perceptions (R2: 0.530, p: 0.000). In the study, it was found that emergency room nurses had medium-level nomophobia and clinical decision-making perceptions. Besides, we observed that the clinical decision-making perception levels of the participants decreased as their nomophobia levels increased. As the risk of making medical errors is likely to increase along with an increase in nomophobia levels, it is recommended that edu-cation programs be organized to get emergency room nurses' nomophobic behaviors under control.Öğe Malatya kent merkezindeki kahvehane, lokanta ve pastane sahiplerinin tütün yasağı yasası sonrası görüş ve uygulamaları(İnönü Üniversitesi, 2011) Kartal, MertDünyanın en önemli sağlık sorunu olan tütünle mücadelede kapalı alanlarda kullanımın yasaklanması önemli stratejilerden biridir. Bu anlamda ülkemizde 3 Ocak 2008 tarihinde 5727 sayılı yasa yürürlüğe girmiştir. Çalışmamızın amacı, kapalı alanlarda tütün kullanımını yasaklayan yasadan sonra kahvehane, lokanta, pastane sahiplerinin görüş ve uygulamalarını araştırmaktır. Malatya kent merkezinde bulunan 125 kahvehane, 99 çay ocağı, 110 lokanta, 24 kafeterya, 20 pastane ve 8 birahane örnekleme seçilmiştir. Anketler Haziran-Eylül 2010'da iş yeri sahipleri veya sorumlu müdürleri ile yüz yüze görüşülerek uygulanmıştır. Ankete katılan 386 kişinin yaş ortalaması 37.2'dir ve 378'i erkektir (%98). 218 (%56.5) kişi işletme sahibi iken, 168 kişi ise (43.5) sorumlu müdürdür. İşletme sahiplerinden 63'ü (%16.4) yasadan sonraki ilk üç ay içerisinde gelirlerinde değişiklik olmadığını ifade ederken, 111 kişi ise (%45.6) gelirlerinde %61 ve üzeri azalma olduğunu ifade etmiştir. Sadece kahvehane sahipleri ele alındığında ilk üç ay içerisinde gelirlerindeki azalma oranı ortalama olarak %65.5 iken, diğer işletmelerde bu oran %33'tür (p<0.05). Kahvehane dışındaki işletme sahiplerinin %9.2'si gelecekte işyerini kapatacağını ifade ederken, kahvehane sahiplerinde bu oran %40.8dir (p<0.05). Sonuç olarak yasadan en çok kahvehane sahiplerinin olumsuz etkilendiği görülmüştür.Öğe Nicotine addiction in pre-hospital emergency care workers in Turkey: a cross-sectional study(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2024) Karakas, Nese; citlik Saritas, Seyhan; Bentli, Recep; Derya, Serdar; Kartal, MertObjectiveThis study aims to determine the smoking prevalence and nicotine addiction in pre-hospital emergency care workers.MethodsThe study, conducted between March-April 2022 with the participation of 318 pre-hospital care workers, is cross-sectional. To determine the participants' nicotine addiction levels, the participants the Fagerstrom Nicotine Addiction Test (FNAT) was used. For statistical analyses, correlation, chi-square, student's t-test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used. The statistical significance level was accepted as p < .05.ResultsWhile 53.0% Of The Study Group Used To Smoke, 9.1% Thought That Smoking Was Not harmful to health. The mean FNAT score of the smoking group was 5.04 +/- 2.92. Men's FNAT scores (p < .05) were higher for those over the age of 40 than for those under 40 than women (p < .05). In the comparison made according to the participants' occupations, the most smoking group was physicians (p < .05). The group with the highest addiction score among smokers was nurses (p < .05). A positive correlation was found between the years of employment in the sector and the FNAT scores of smokers (r = 0.146, p < .05).ConclusionPre-hospital emergency care workers had a much higher smoking prevalence and nicotine addiction than the medical staff in other units.
