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Electrochemical Study of the Interaction Between Urea and Hydroquinone, and Detection of Urea Using CoFe2O4 Nanoparticles Modified with Gelatin-Hydroquinone Deposited on the Glassy Carbon Electrode
(Univ Tehran, Fac Chemistry, Center Excellence Electrochemistry, 2025) Djerafa, Moussa; Ferkhi, Mosbah; Savan, Ebru Kuyumcu; Khelili, Smail
An advanced electrochemical biosensor has been developed to measure the amount of urea in biological fluids accurately using CoFe2O4 nanoparticles modified with Gelatinhydroquinone deposited on the glassy carbon electrode. This sensor uses cobalt ferrite as a core material that has been analysed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The sensor has a Gelatin-hydroquinone layer that allows it to detect urea at trace levels. in this study, it has been confirmed that the electrochemical method using this modified electrode is significantly more sensitive than the UV-visible method. The limit of detection (LOD) obtained utilizing the modified Berthelot reaction was 6.66 mM, while the LOD obtained using CV at the CFO/Gelatin-hydroquinone modified GCE was 0.52 mM. This confirms that the electrochemical method using this modified electrode is significantly more sensitive than the UV-visible method. The CFO/Gelatin-hydroquinone composite material effectively acted as an efficient electrocatalyst for the oxidation of urea and other molecules.