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    The effect of sinularia on spinal cord trauma
    (2020) Kaya, Ismail; Aydin, Hasan Emre; Kaya, Ismail; Ozen, Hulya; Kizmazoglu, Ceren; Atar, Murat; Uzunoglu, Inan; Yuceer, Nurullah
    Aim: Spinal cord traumas have become a serious health problem with the increase in the ageing population in society. The present study aimed to show the anti-inflammatory activity of methylprednisolone and sinularia administered following spinal cord trauma.Materials and Methods: Sea corals are widely found on earth. Sinularia is one of the 17 known active substances of sinularia flexibilis, and several studies have been conducted on its anti-inflammatory, anti-oedema and cytotoxic effects. Despite the recent scientific studies, discussions continue as there are no effective treatment methods in use apart from methylprednisolone; however, the test animals received methylprednisolone treatment to compareits effects with those of sinularia, a secondary active ingredient of s. flexibilis.Results: Paired comparisons for serum IL-1β and tissue TNF-α were made with Dunn's test. When serum IL-1β and tissue TNF-α levels were evaluated, a significant difference was detected in the group taking sinularia treatment compared to the trauma group Sinularia treatment was more efficient on different cytokines and compared to methylprednisolone treatment used routinely, it significantly affected both IL-1β level and TNF-α levels in serumConclusion: Anti-edematous, cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects of sinularia have been shown in our study. Sinularia, which has no known harmful effect on the human body according to the literature, may be clinically used in the future; however, more detailed and supportive experimental studies should be conducted on the subject.
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    The investigation of vasospastic effect of hemostatic matrix used in intracranial operations on cerebral arteries
    (2019) Kalemci, Orhan; Akyoldas, Goktug; Ersen Danyeli, Ayca; Acis, Onur; Kizmazoglu, Ceren; Ur, Koray; Arda, Mehmet Nuri
    Aim: We aimed to investigate the vasospastic effect of thrombin-based hemostatic matrix on the basilar arteries in rats.Material and Methods: A total of 28 female albino Wistar rats were used in the study. The rats were randomly assigned to four groups. The rats in group I (control group) were sacrificed without surgical manipulation. We injected 0.1 mL of nonheparinized autologous arterial blood into the cisterna magna of the rats in group II, 0.1 mL of hemostatic matrix into the cisterna magna of the rats in group III, and 0.1 mL of a mixture of nonheparinized autologous arterial blood and the hemostatic matrix into the cisterna magna of the rats in group IV. The experimental rats were sacrificed 48 hours after injections. Three sections were obtained from each rat’s basilar arteries and photographed under a light microscope. Basilar artery cross-section areas were measured using computerized image analysis systems.Results: Mean basilar artery cross-sections of all groups revealed statistically a significant difference between only group I and group II. The mean basilar artery cross-sec-tion areas of groups II, III, and IV decreased by 36%, 19%, and 22%, respectively, in comparison with those of group I.Conclusion: Although our results pertaining to thrombin-based hemostatic matrix were not statistically significant, it is hypothesized that this matrix has a vasospastic effect on arteries. Therefore, it important to remember that when such a matrix is used in cranial surgery, the thrombin contained therein could have a vasospastic effect on cerebral arteries.Keywords: Cerebral vasospasm; hemostatic matrix; thrombin; rat; subarachnoid hemorrhage.
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    A understanding of the three dimensional microsurgical anatomical architecture of the temporal lobe with its functions
    (2021) Atar, Murat; Kizmazoglu, Ceren; Uzunoglu, Inan; Cingoz, Ilker; Gurkan, Gokhan; Kaya, Ismail; Sozer; Gulden; Ozdilmac, Ahmet; Yuceer, Nurullah
    Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the human brain temporal lobe white matter pathways with respect to microsurgical anatomy, reveal the relationship between these white matter pathways, evaluate their functions, which are already known in the literature, and contribute to the literature to establish safe temporal region surgical interventions. Material and Methods: 10 specimens of postmortem human brain hemispheres were fixed in accordance with Klingler’s method. Subsequently, dissection of the temporal lobe white matter pathways was performed under a surgical microscope. Each stage of dissection was achieved using the technique of merging multiple focus images in high-quality three-dimensional images. Results: The data obtained in lateral-to-medial and medial-to-lateral dissections were compatible with the literature. Moreover, microsurgical three-dimensional architectural structure of temporal lobe white matter pathways has been clearly revealed. The horizontal and vertical segments of superior longitudinal fasciculus were detected. The limbic system, connection of central cores with the temporal lobe, temporal stems region, and relationship with other fiber systems have been shown in this study. The importance of the temporal stem and Meyer’s loop for safe interventions on temporal lobe has been noted. Conclusion: Temporal region white matter pathways should be handled in a multimodal system, and anatomical knowledge of these white matter pathways should be mastered before performing temporal surgical interventions. Furthermore, the surgical strategy and preoperative planning should be discussed considering the relationship between the lesion and white matter pathways, thereby reducing neurosurgical morbidity and mortality.