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Öğe Cypsela morphology of Cirsium sect. Cirsium (Asteraceae) taxa in Turkey(Springer, 2011) Kostekci, Serkan; Arabaci, TuranIn this study, the cypsela morphology of 21 (14 species) of the 28 (17 species) Turkish Cirsium Mill. sect. Cirsium (Asteraceae) taxa was examined by stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The shapes of cypselas are oblong, obovate, narrowly obovate and oblanceolate. The taxa were divided into 7 main types according to the results of SEM investigation on cypsela surface characteristics as: scalariform, ribbed, scrobiculate-ribbed, scrobiculate, scrobiculate-reticulate, reticulate and bireticulate. Taxonomic significance of cypsela morphology is discussed. It is shown that cypsela features can be used as distinguishing characteristics in some Cirsium sect. Cirsium species.Öğe Cypselar morphology of Carduus L. (Asteraceae) taxa in Turkey and its taxonomic implications(Soc Botanique France, 2015) Kostekci, Serkan; Arabaci, TuranCypselar morphology of 24 taxa including 16 species and eight subspecies of the 29 Turkish Carduus L. (Asteraceae) taxa (belonging to 17 species) were examined by stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope. In this study, nine qualitative characters (cypselar shape, symmetry, kurtosis, surface ornamentation and different features of cypselar surface cells) and five quantitative characters (cypselar length and width, umbo length and width, ring diameter) were examined. Macromorphological studies revealed oblanceolate, narrowly obovate, narrowly oblong to oblong cypselar shapes with striate or furrowed surface. Based on scanning electron microscopic investigation of cypselar surface, the studied taxa were divided into five main types: scalariform, scalariform-ribbed, scrobiculate-ribbed, scrobiculate and scrobiculate-foveolate. An identification key of studied species based on cypselar morphology has been provided. The results indicate that cypselar features can be used as diagnostic taxonomic characters in examined Carduus species.Öğe Karyological studies of eight Carduus L. (Asteraceae, Cardueae) taxa from Turkey(Firenze Univ Press, 2016) Gedik, Osman; Kiran, Yasar; Arabaci, Turan; Kostekci, SerkanThe somatic chromosome numbers and detailed morphometric properties of 18 specimens belonging to eight taxa (six species) of genus Carduus L. distributed in Turkey were examined. The somatic chromosome numbers were determined as 2n = 2x = 22 in C. olympicus Boiss. subsp. hypoleucus (Bornm.) P. H. Davis, C. tmoleus Boiss. subsp. tmoleus and C. acanthoides L. s.l.; 2n = 2x = 18 in C. candicans Waldst. & Kit. s.l. and 2n = 2x = 16 in C. nutans L. subsp. falcato-incurvus P. H. Davis (2798). In addition, tetraploid chromosome numbers (2n = 4x = 32) were also observed in C. nutans subsp. falcato-incurvus (2737) and C. onopordioides Fisch. ex M. Bieb. subsp. turcicus (Kazmi) P. H. Davis. Karyotype analysis indicated that chromosomes of Carduus taxa generally have median region (m) and submedian region (sm) karyotypes. A median point (M) karyotypes is found in C. acanthoides subsp. acanthoides (2728). Secondary structures and one to three pairs of satellite chromosomes (sat-chromosome) were observed in some of the examined specimens. The findings for each of the analysed taxa are compared with the results of previous studies. The chromosome number and morphology of C. olympicus subsp. hypoleucus, C. nutans subsp. falcato-incurvus, C. onopordioides subsp. turcicus, C. candicans subsp. globifer and C. acanthoides subsp. sintenisii are reported here for the first time.Öğe Karyological studies on the annual members of the genus Carduus L. (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from Turkey(Firenze Univ Press, 2014) Gedik, Osman; Kiran, Yasar; Arabaci, Turan; Kostekci, SerkanThe somatic chromosome numbers and detailed morphometric properties of eight of the nine annual Turkish Carduus L. taxa were examined. The somatic chromosome numbers were 2n = 2x = 22 in C. rechingerianus Kazmi; 2n = 2x = 28 in C. argentatus L., C. acicularis Bertol. and C. pycnocephalus L. subsp. albidus (M. Bieb.) Kazmi; 2n = 2x = 34 in C. pycnocephalus subsp. arabicus (Jacq. ex Murray) Nyman and subsp. breviphyllarius P. H. Davis; 2n = 2x = 50 in C. nervosus K. Koch.; and 2n = 2x = 62 in C. pycnocephalus subsp. pycnocephalus. Karyotype analysis indicated that chromosomes of the Carduus taxa generally have centromere median region (m), submedian region (sm), and rarely median point (M) of the chromosome. A pair of satellite chromosomes (sat-chromosome) was observed in C. pycnocephalus subsp. breviphyllarius. The findings for each of the analysed taxa are compared with the results of previous studies. The chromosome number and morphology of C. nervosus, C. rechingerianus, C. argentatus, C. pycnocephalus subsp. arabicus and subsp. breviphyllarius are newly reported here.Öğe A taxonomic revision of the genus Cirsium Mill. sect. Cirsium (Asteraceae: Cardueae) in Turkey(Tubıtak scıentıfıc & technıcal research councıl turkey, ataturk bulvarı no 221, kavaklıdere, ankara, 00000, turkey, 2016) Yildiz, Bayram; Arabaci, Turan; Dirmenci, Tuncay; Kostekci, SerkanIn this study, the members of the genus Cirsium Mill. sect. Cirsium (Asteraceae: Cardueae) in Turkey are revised. The species C. eliasianum Kit Tan & Sorger is regarded as a synonym of C. frickii Fisch. & C.A. Mey. The name C. alatum subsp. alatum was misapplied for C. elodes M. Bieb. and C. elodes was misapplied in Turkey for C. subinerme Fisch. & C.A. Mey. In addition, two new hybrids, C.x prativagum Petr. and C. x woronowii Petr., are newly recorded for the flora of Turkey. The lectotype of C. pseudopersonata Boiss. & Balansa ex Boiss. subsp. kusnezowianum (Sommier & Levier) Petr. is designated here. As a result, the genus Cirsium is represented by 66 species (78 taxa) in Turkey, of which 17 species (27 taxa) belong to C. sect. Cirsium. In addition, an identification key of species, detailed morphological descriptions, color photographs, and images of useful distinguishing characters of all species are given.