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Öğe Acute effects of physical and mental fatigue on time perception in basketball players(Frontiers Media Sa, 2026) Ilbak, Ismail; Stojanovic, Stefan; Duz, Serkan; Kurhan, Cihad Onur; Suva, Matej; Cepicka, LadislavIntroduction Basketball is a fast-paced, cognitively demanding sport in which players must make rapid, time-dependent decisions under physical and mental strain. Despite the well-documented effects of fatigue on performance, its influence on athletes' perception of time remains insufficiently explored. This study aimed to examine the acute effects of physical and mental fatigue on time perception in basketball players. Methods This cross-sectional study included 34 healthy, volunteer male basketball players. The experimental procedure consisted of a familiarization session followed by two experimental conditions. Mental fatigue was induced using the color-word Stroop test, whereas physical fatigue was elicited through a standardized plyometric exercise protocol. Time perception was assessed before and after each fatigue condition across four target durations (6, 12, 18, and 24 s). A 72-hour recovery period between sessions was implemented to control for potential carryover effects. Results A significant time & times; fatigue & times; duration interaction was found (p < 0.05), demonstrating that mental and physical fatigue exerted opposite effects on time perception. Mental fatigue resulted in systematic underestimation of time, indicated by negative shifts in time estimation errors across all target durations. In contrast, physical fatigue led to consistent overestimation, reflected by positive shifts in estimation errors. These effects became more pronounced with increasing target duration, with the largest deviations observed at 18 and 24 seconds. Conclusion Time perception in basketball is not a fixed mechanism but a dynamic component of performance influenced by transient cognitive and physiological states. Mental fatigue is associated with a compression of perceived time, whereas physical fatigue leads to an expansion of perceived duration. These findings suggest that second-dependent decision-making in basketball is shaped not only by technical and tactical factors but also by fatigue-related states. Integrating fatigue management strategies and time-awareness training into basketball practice and competition may improve temporal accuracy and decision stability under pressure.Öğe Acute Effects of Self-Myofascial Release Through Foam Roller and Static Stretching Methods on Vertical Jump Performance of Taekwondo Players(Researchtrentz Acad Publ Education Services, 2022) Akarsu, Mehmet; Kurhan, Cihad Onur; Ilbak, Ismail; Altuntop, Recep; Gonc, Mesut; Stojanovic, Stefan; Purenovic-Ivanovic, TijanaThe objective of this research is to examine the acute effects of self-myofascial release through foam roller and static stretching methods on the vertical jump performance of taekwondo players. In this cross-sectional study, a randomized controlled experimental method, one of the quantitative research models, was used. 21 taekwondo players participated in this research voluntarily. The mean age of the participants was 15.95 +/-,865; the mean height was 172.90 +/- 3,846 and the mean body weight was 61,86 +/- 5,379. On the first day of the study, low-paced jogging was performed for 5 minutes at a heart rate of 120 (RS V800) and then their vertical jump performance was measured. On the second day of the research, low-paced jogging was performed for 5 minutes, and then a static stretching protocol was applied to taekwondo players, and then their vertical jump performance was measured. On the third day of the research, low-paced jogging was performed for 5 minutes and then self-myofascial release through foam roller protocol was applied to taekwondo players and then their vertical jump performances were measured. As a result of the research, it was determined that there was no statistical difference between 5 minutes of jogging at a slow pace and static stretching. However, it was determined that there were statistically significant differences both between 5 minutes of jogging at a slow pace and self-myofascial release and between static stretching and self-myofascial release (p<0.05). In conclusion, it can be said that self-myofascial release through foam roller exercises can affect vertical jump performance positively and at an acute level.Öğe The effect of chronic leg press exercises on hamstring muscle length and different vertical jump performance(Iermakov S S, 2024) Kurhan, Sebiha; Kurtoglu, Ahmet; Kurhan, Cihad Onur; Eken, Ozgur; Car, BekirBackground and Study Aim As it is known, chronic resistance exercises cause limitations in some joints and this negatively affects the normal range of motion. In the present study, it was aimed to analyse the quadriceps -hamstring balance by analysing different vertical jump performances after six weeks of leg press exercise. Material and Methods Eleven university students aged between 18-30 years were included in this study. The hamstring muscle length, 1 repetition maximum (1-RM) leg press performance were analysed before and after six weeks of leg press exercise. In addition, the vertical jump performances of the participants were analysed with My Jump 2 software programme. In this study, counter movement jumps (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ) performances of the participants were determined. Results According to the findings, 1 repetition maximum (1-RM) leg press performance and hamstring length of the participants improved significantly (t=-7.609, ES: -2.29, p<.001; t=-2.540, -0.76, p=.029, respectively). CMJ and SJ parameters of the participants did not change (p<0.05). It was concluded that the lengthened hamstring length after the leg press exercise programme had a positive relationship with vertical jump height (r=0.656, p=0.028), flight duration (r=0.663, p=0.026), speed (r=0.657, p=0.028), and average speed (r=0.669, p=0.024). These relationships were observed among CMJ parameters following the exercise programme. Likewise, a positive correlation was found between hamstring length, which lengthened after the leg press exercise programme, and vertical jump height (r=0.625, p=0.040), flight duration (r=0.646, p=0.032), speed (r=0.646, p=0.032), and average speed (r=0.637, p=0.035). These correlations were identified among the SJ parameters after the exercise. Conclusions As a result, it was determined that chronic leg press exercises positively affected hamstring muscle length and muscle strength. Different vertical jump performances such as CMJ and SJ did not change. However, the relationship between hamstring length and vertical jump parameters is interesting.Öğe Examination of anterior cruciate ligament injuries and genetic relationship: A systematic study(Sage Publications Inc, 2026) Kahya, Sedat; Kurhan, Cihad OnurBackground : Sports injuries can be an important health problem that is difficult to compensate for athletes. Anterior cruciate ligament injury (ACLI) is a soft tissue injury frequently faced by both athletes and sedentary individuals. In early studies on ACLI, it was reported that these injuries were mostly hormonal, biomechanical and genetic. However, the inconsistencies in these studies are still not fully explained. It is also known that differences in the protein levels of collagen structures play a critical role in non-contact soft tissue injuries. In this sense, it is thought that gene variants may cause sensitivity on ACLI by affecting collagen tissues. Objective The aim of the study is to systematically examine the relationship between ACLI and genes. In addition, the current study aims to reveal that some genes that are frequently studied in the literature may be related to the structure of the ACL. Methods Studies on the subject were examined in PubMed and PubMed-Central databases registered with The National Center for Biotechnology Information. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses were used in data selection and evaluation. Results 11 articles that met the criteria were subjected to bias analysis. It was reported that 7 studies were at a critical level in terms of overall risk. Additionally, statistically significant differences were reported in 6 of the 11 studies. Conclusion The genes COL1A1, COL5A1, MMP3, TGFBR3, TGFBI, VEGFA, beta-fibrinogen and COL12A1 can protect individuals against ACLI by affecting the formation of soft tissues.Öğe Exploring the Impact of Physical Inactivity on Digital Gaming Attitudes and Addiction among Secondary School Students(Romanian Assoc Balneology, 2024) Kurhan, Sebiha; Car, Bekir; Kurhan, Cihad Onur; Kurtoglu, Ahmet; Eken, Ozgur; Polat, GulsenThe escalating concern regarding internet and digital game addiction among pre-adolescent children and its potential link to psychological issues prompted this study, aimed at evaluating digital game addiction levels and attitudes towards gaming in secondary school students. Conducted with a sample of 897 students from Ankara, T & uuml;rkiye, the study employed a survey method, utilizing the Attitude Scale towards Digital Game Addiction and Digital Games. Results indicated significant gender differences in addiction levels and attitudes, with boys showing higher scores. Age also played a role, with seventh graders exhibiting the lowest and eighth graders the highest addiction behaviors. Notably, those engaged in martial arts games and using consoles for gaming reported the highest addiction and positive attitude scores. The study underscores the prevalent issue of digital game addiction among youths, suggesting a strong correlation with physical inactivity. It concludes that promoting physical activity is essential not only for physical health but also as a preventative measure against the development of psychological issues stemming from digital game addiction.Öğe Taekwondocularda farklı ısınma protokollerinin biyomotor yetiler üzerine akut etkilerinin incelenmesi(İnönü Üniversitesi, 2021) Kurhan, Cihad Onur; Akçınar, FarukAmaç: Günümüzde yaygın olarak uygulanan ısınma protokolleri ile ilgili çalışmaların sayısı her ne kadar çok olsa da sportif performans üzerindeki etkilerinin ne olduğu konusunda henüz bir fikir birliği yoktur. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın amacı taekwondocularda farklı ısınma protokollerinin, biyomotor yetiler üzerine akut etkilerini incelemektir. Materyal ve Metot: Araştırmaya, gönüllü olarak Efsane Taekwondo Spor kulübünde haftada 3 gün antrenman yapan, yaşları 15-18 arasında değişen 17 erkek taekwondocu katıldı. Araştırmada 48 saat aralıklarla üç farklı ısınma protokolü uygulandı. Isınma protokolleri sırasında öğrenme etkisinin dışlanması için rastlantısal model kullanıldı. Performans testleri olarak maksimal kuvvet (sırt-bacak), serbest dikey sıçrama, görsel reaksiyon (nelson el-ayak testi), 20m sürat, dinamik denge (y denge testi), çeviklik (hexagonal test), esneklik (otur-uzan) testleri uygulandı. Bulgular: Isınma protokollerinin maksimal kuvvet, serbest dikey sıçrama, görsel reaksiyon testleri, dinamik denge testleri, esneklik testi değerleri üzerinde istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir etkisinin olmadığı tespit edilmiştir (p>0.05). Bunun aksine 20m sürat ve çeviklik performans değerleri üzerinde istatiksel açıdan anlamlı bir etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Sonuç: Dinamik ısınma uygulamaları, taekwondocuların 20m sürat ve çeviklik performansı üzerinde, PNF ve statik ısınma uygulamalarına göre daha etkilidir (p<0.05). Sporcuların maksimal kuvvet ve serbest dikey sıçrama performansları üzerinde, farklı ısınma uygulamalarının istatistiksel açıdan etkisi olmadığı (p>0.05) ancak ortalama değerleri incelendiğinde PNF ve statik germe uygulamalarına göre dinamik germe uygulamaları kuvvet ve dikey sıçrama performansını olumlu yönde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Sporcuların dinamik denge ve esneklik performansları üzerinde, farklı ısınma protokollerinin etkisinin olmadığı (p>0.05) ancak ortalama değerleri incelendiğinde dinamik ve statik germe yöntemlerine göre PNF germe uygulamaları esneklik ve denge performansını olumlu yönde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Isınma Protokolleri, Taekwondo, Biyomotor Yetiler
