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    Carpal tunnel syndrome in postmenopausal women
    (Elsevier, 2008) Kaplan, Yuksel; Kurt, Semiha G.; Karaer, Hatice
    Objective: Hormonal changes that accompany menopause have a significant impact on the nervous and other physiological systems. Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and the clinical features of menopause in postmenopausal women, in comparison to age-matched healthy controls. Methods: Overall, 6230 women were seen during the study period. Of these, 5587 were not eligible because they were premenopausal or perimenopausal. 537 women did not meet the criteria used in the study for a diagnosis of idiopathic CTS and were excluded. Finally, one hundred and six patients with CTS and 115 controls were examined. The presence of CTS was confirmed both clinically and electrophysiologically. Socio-demographic variables and reproductive histories were evaluated via a structured interview. Results: In comparison to healthy controls, patients with CTS showed a significantly greater number of pregnancies and an earlier age at menopause. Regarding the type of menopause, patients and controls showed similar frequencies for natural versus surgical menopause. The frequency of natural menopause was significantly higher than that of surgical menopause in both groups. Conclusion: Our results suggest that age at menopause may be a significant factor in the development of CTS. Pregnancy-related hormonal changes may have long-term effects that increase the incidence of CTS in postmenopausal women. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Intra-Familial Incidence and Characteristics of Hot Water Epilepsy
    (Cambridge Univ Press, 2009) Kaplan, Yuksel; Kurt, Semiha G.; Karaer, Hatice; Sarikaya, Basar; Bebek, Nerses
    Objective: To assess the clinical features of several members of the same family diagnosed with both hot water epilepsy (HWE) and cerebral lesions. Methods: Age at onset and types of seizure, precipitating factors, EEG findings, and neuroimages were evaluated. Results: The family consisted of' six generations, including one consanguineous parent. Of eight family members diagnosed with epilepsy, seven suffered from HWE. Age at onset of seizures ranged within childhood. Seven patients with HWE experienced complex partial seizures, with or without secondary generalization; one experienced simple partial seizures as well as complex partial seizures. Three patients experienced spontaneous seizures as well as HWE. Interictal EEG revealed abnormalities in two patients. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed cerebral lesions in one patient, probably attributable to ischemic changes. Magnetic resonance images were consistent with findings of ischemic gliosis in two patients, and either demyelinating or ischemic gliosis in one patient. Conclusions: Descriptions of HWE families with different ethnic backgrounds may permit more definite conclusions regarding the mechanisms epileptogenesis, and the genetic defects that underlie this disease.