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    Celiac disease in children with urolithiasis
    (Turkish J Pediatrics, 2012) Menekse, Engin; Selimoglu, Mukadder Ayse; Temel, Ismail; Tabel, Yilmaz; Gurgoze, Metin
    There are a few studies suggesting a relationship between celiac disease (CD) and kidney disease, but no study has investigated CD in patients with urolithiasis. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of CD in infants and children with urolithiasis. One hundred and eighty-seven infants and children (4 months-17 years) with urolithiasis, and 278 age- and sex-matched healthy children were included. CD was screened using tissue transglutaminase (tTG) immunoglobulin (Ig) A. Seropositive cases, whose parents gave consent, underwent upper gastrointestinal system endoscopy for duodenal biopsy. Seven (3.7%) among those with urolithiasis and one (0.3%) among controls were positive for tTG IgA (p=0.008). Six of the urolithiasis group and one from the control group underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Intestinal biopsy revealed Marsh-Oberhuber type 1 intestinal lesions in two children. The other five had normal histology. Biopsy-proven CD was detected in two (1%) children with urolithiasis. The prevalence of biopsy-proven CD among all cases was 0.4%. When children were evaluated with respect to age factor, it was found that seropositivity in children younger and older than two years was not different (4% vs. 3.6%; p=0.880). In this first study investigating CD prevalence in children with urolithiasis, we found a higher seropositivity for CD in children with urolithiasis compared to controls, but in terms of biopsy-proven CD, no difference was found.
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    Is Urolithiasis in Children Associated With Obesity or Malnutrition?
    (W B Saunders Co-Elsevier Inc, 2013) Selimoglu, Mukadder Ayse; Menekse, Engin; Tabel, Yilmaz
    Background: Although it is known that obesity predisposes to urolithiasis, a tendency for malnutrition in children with urolithiasis owing to recurrent urinary infections and abdominal pain also makes sense. Aims: In this study, we aimed to determine the nutritional status of infants and children with urolithiasis, and to observe whether obesity or malnutrition is more prevalent in that population. Methods: One hundred eighty-seven children aged 4 months to 17 years (mean, 4.9 +/- 4.4 years) with urolithiasis, and 278 age- and sex-matched children without any chronic diseases were included. Anthropometric evaluations, including weight and height standard deviation score (SDS), body mass index, and triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness (SFT), were performed. Results: Mean weight SDSs of the patients was statistically lower than that of the control subjects (P < .0001). Malnutrition rate was statistically higher in the patients with urolithiasis when evaluated according to weight SDS and percentiles of body mass index and SFT. When the age factor was taken into account, the percentage of malnutrition, determined by the percentiles of triceps and subscapular SFT measurements, was found to be higher in children younger than 2 years. Short stature was more prevalent in older children. Conclusion: Malnutrition among children with urolithiasis is not as rare as thought previously. A careful anthropometric evaluation should be included in the clinical assessment of those children. (c) 2013 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. All rights reserved.