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Öğe Desire avoid of pregnancy in nulliparous women: The effect of personality and sociodemographic characteristics(2023) Güney, Esra; Okyay, Esra KarataşThe study was aim to determine the effect of personality and sociodemographic characteristics on the avoidance of pregnancy by nulliparous women. The cross- sectional study was conducted through nullipar women's groups on social media platforms (Instagram, Facebook Messenger and WhatsApp etc.). 602 women who volunteered to fill out the questionnaire participated in the study, whose sample consisted of women who had not given birth before, and the study data were collected in November 2022. Data collection forms were created using the Google forms application. Personal Information Form, Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI), and Desire to Avoid Pregnancy (DAP) were used to collect the data. Mean, percentile distribution, standard deviation, t test, one-way ANOVA and simple linear regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. In the study, it was determined that those who were 21 years of age and under, those with a high education level, those who were not working, those who did not think about giving birth, and those who planned a cesarean delivery in the future had higher pregnancy avoidance scores (p<0.05). The simple linear regression model showed that age, education level, future pregnancy planning status, planned future birth, openness to experiences and conscientiousness personality traits are important determinants of the desire to avoid pregnancy in women (respectively ?=-.0.379; ?=0.118; ?=-0.345; ?=0.107; ?=0.202; ?=0.203; p<0.001 for all; p<0.05 for birth planned in the future only). Pregnancy avoidance can be seen in nulliparous women who are 21 years of age or younger, have a high level of education, are not working, do not think about giving birth, have a low desire to conceive in the future, plan a future cesarean section, have openness to experiences and conscientiousness personality traits.Öğe DOĞUM SONU DEPRESYONUN KİŞİLİK ÖZELLİKLERİ İLE İLİŞKİSİ(2021) Sunay, Zeliha; Okyay, Esra Karataş; Gökbulut, Nilay; Uçar, TubaBu araştırma, doğum sonu depresyonun kişilik özellikleri ile ilişkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı tipte olan araştırmanın örneklemini, Haziran-Eylül 2018 tarihleri arasında Malatya’da bir kamu hastanesinin kadın doğum polikliniklerine başvuran, doğum sonu 0-3 ay arasında olan 381 kadın oluşturdu. Veriler yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi kullanılarak; Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Edinburgh Postpartum Depresyon Skalası (EPDS) ve On-Maddeli Kişilik Ölçeği (OMKÖ) ile toplandı. Araştırmada kadınların EPDS toplam puan ortalaması 5,66±4,72 olup, kadınların %14,2’sinde (n=54) depresif semptom varlığı olduğu belirlendi. Ayrıca, doğum sonu depresyon ile OMKÖ alt boyutları olan dışa dönüklük, sorumluluk, duygusal dengelilik ve yumuşak başlılık arasında negatif yönde anlamlı ilişki bulundu (sırasıyla r=-0,142, r=-0,242, r=-0,251, r=-0,223; p<0,05). Çoklu doğrusal regresyon modeli sorumluluk, duygusal dengelilik ve yumuşak başlılık gibi kişilik özelliklerinin doğum sonu depresyonun önemli belirleyicileri olduğunu göstermiştir (sırasıyla ?=-0,286, ?=-0,316, ?=-0,267; p<0,05). Elde edilen bulgulara göre; sorumluluk özelliği düşük, duygusal dengesiz ve yumuşakbaşlı olmayan kişilik özelliklerine sahip kadınların doğum sonu depresyon açısından riskli gruplar olduğu söylenebilir.Öğe Doğum sonu dönemde fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin yaşam kalitesi ve depresyon düzeyine etkisi(İnönü Üniversitesi, 2018) Okyay, Esra KarataşAmaç: Araştırma, doğum sonu dönemde fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin yaşam kalitesi ve depresyon düzeyine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Materyal ve Metot: Kesitsel tipte olan araştırmanın verileri, Nisan–Ekim 2017 tarihleri arasında Malatya Merkez Yeşilyurt ve Battalgazi ilçelerine bağlı bulunan yedi farklı ASM'den toplandı. Araştırmanın evrenini ASM'lere kayıtlı doğum sonu dönem 6 hafta-6 ay arasında olan 1293 kadın oluşturdu. Power analizi yapıldığında örneklem büyüklüğü %5 yanılgı düzeyi çift yönlü önem düzeyinde, %97 güven aralığında, %80 güç ile 347 kadın olarak hesaplandı. Verilerin toplanmasında, Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi Kısa Formu (UFAA), SF-36 Yaşam Kalitesi Değerlendirme Ölçeği ve Edinburg Postpartum Depresyon Skalası (EPDS) kullanıldı. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistiklerin (sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma) yanı sıra ki-kare testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi ve pearson korelasyon analizi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Kadınların UFAA puan ortalamasının 1960.6 ± 1456.7 MET-dk/hafta olduğu, %18.4'ünün düşük, %59.7'sinin orta ve %21.9'unun yüksek düzeyde fiziksel aktivite yaptığı belirlendi. Fiziksel aktivite düzeylerine göre SF-36 alt boyutlarından fiziksel rol, genel sağlık, sosyal işlev, mental rol ve mental sağlık puan ortalamaları arasında önemli fark olduğu belirlendi (p<0.05). Ayrıca fiziksel aktivite düzeylerine göre EPDS puan ortalamaları arasında önemli fark olduğu belirlendi (p<0.05). Korelasyon analizinde UFAA ile SF-36 alt boyutlarından fiziksel rol, sosyal işlev, mental rol ve mental sağlık puan ortalamaları arasında pozitif yönde zayıf ilişki (sırasıyla r=.161, r=.170, r=.131, r=.158), EPDS puan ortalamaları arasında negatif yönde önemli ilişki olduğu belirlendi (r= -0.266; p<0.05). Sonuç: Doğum sonu dönemde fiziksel aktivitenin kadınların yaşam kaliteleri ve doğum sonu depresyon belirtileri üzerine olumlu yönde etkisinin olduğu belirlendi. Anahtar Kelimeler: Doğum Sonu Depresyon, Doğum Sonu Dönem, Fiziksel Aktivite, Yaşam Kalitesi.Öğe The effect of physical activity level at postpartum period on quality of life and depression level(2018) Okyay, Esra Karataş; Uçar, TubaThe study was conducted to determine the effect of physical activity level on quality of life and depression level during postpartum period. The cross-sectional data used in this study was collected in seven different Family Health Centers in Malatya between April-October 2017. The sample of the study consisted of 347 women with a postpartum period of six weeks to six months registered to these Family Health Centers. Personal Information Form, the International Physical Activity QuestionnaireShort Form (IPAQ), the SF-36 Quality of Life Assessment Scale and the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) were used to collect data. In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics (number, percentage, mean, standard deviation) as well as chi-square test, one-way variance analysis and Pearson correlation analysis were used. The mean IPAQ score of women was 1960.6±1456.7 MET-min/week, while 18.4% had low levels of physical activity, 59.7% moderate, and 21.9% had high levels of physical activity. Based on physical activity levels, significant differences were found between physical role, general health, social functioning, mental role and mental health point averages among SF-36 subscales (p<0.05). There was also significant difference between EPDS point averages based on physical activity levels (p<0.05). Physical activity in postpartum period was found to have a positive effect on the quality of life and postpartum depression.Öğe Mental Health of COVID-19 Pandemic from Pregnancy to Postpartum Period: A Longitudinal Study(2023) Cengizhan, Sidika Özlem; Güney, Esra; Baransel, Esra Sabancı; Okyay, Esra Karataş; Uçar, TubaObjective: This study aimed to determine the effect of stress levels of prenatally diagnosed or contacted pregnant women on anxiety and depression symptoms in the post- partum period and compare them with those who had a healthy pregnancy period. Materials and Methods: This internet-based longitudinal study was conducted with pregnant women with COVID- 19(+) (n=91), contact with COVID-19(+) (n=74), and healthy pregnant women (n=220). Results: Severe anxiety was found in 51.4% of COVID- 19(+) pregnant women, and depression was found in 28.7%. NuPDQ and BAI mean scores of positive pregnant women were higher than contact and healthy pregnant women. When the EPDS score averages were compared, it was determined that the postpartum period mean scores of those who were positive during pregnancy and were in contact were higher than those of healthy pregnant wom- en. There is a positive correlation between the psychologi- cal effects of pregnant women from COVID-19 and social isolation and NuPDQ (r=0.316, r=0.279), BAI (r=0.337, r=0.293) and EPDS (r=0.333, r=0.311) respectively rela- tionship was determined. Conclusion: Our results point to the need to provide ur- gent psychosocial support in the postpartum period to women who were diagnosed and/or had contact with COVID-19 during pregnancy.Öğe The Moderating Effect of Birth Satisfaction on the Correlation Between Mother-Infant Bonding and Psychological Resilience(2023) Ay, Çiğdem Karakayalı; Özşahin, Zeliha; Okyay, Esra KarataşObjectives:This study was conducted to evaluate the moderator role of birth satisfaction in its correlation with mother-infant bonding and psychological resilience. Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. The population of this study consisted of puerperal women who gave birth in a public hospital in Turkey. The sample size was calculated as at least 437 puerperal women and included 491 puerperal women in total. Personal Introduction Form, the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), Mother to Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS), and Birth Satisfaction Scale–Short Form (BSS–Short) were used to collect data. Results:Mean age of puerperal women included in this study was 28.07±5.17. The mean BSS-Short total score was 20.35±6.07, the mean MIBS total score was 1.73±2.44, and the mean BRS total score was 19.18± 4.50. In this study, it was determined that the correlation between birth satisfaction and mother-infant bonding increased as the level of psychological resilience increased. In addition to this, the simple slope analysis revealed that the effect of psychological resilience on mother-infant bonding was not significant in cases where birth satisfaction was high(B=-0.22,p=0.10) and the effect of psychological resilience on mother-infant bonding was significant in cases where birth satisfaction was moderate(B=-0.44,p=0.001) and high(B=-.71,p=0.001). Conclusion:It was concluded that the strength of the correlation between psychological resilience and mother-infant binding increased in cases where birth satisfaction was high.Öğe Predictors regarding childbirth fear prior to pregnancy: A study on female and male students(2022) Okyay, Esra Karataş; Uçar, Tuba; Tashan, Sermin TimurSeveral predictors of childbirth fear during pregnancy have been identified. However, the influence of prior to pregnancy parameters has not been elucidated. This study was conducted to determine childbirth fear prior to pregnancy and identify its predictors among XXX female and male students. This cross-sectional study was conducted between March and June 2018. The sample consisted of 842 students (421 female and 421 male) who were studying at a state university in the eastern side of XXX. Data were collected using a Personal Information Form, the Women Childbirth Fear – Prior to Pregnancy Scale, the Men Childbirth Fear – Prior to Pregnancy Scale, the TenItem Personality Inventory, and the Beck Anxiety Inventory. A hierarchical linear regression model indicated that planning to have a cesarean section, expected labor pain, being extroverted, being agreeable, and anxiety were among the important indicators of female students’ childbirth fear prior to pregnancy (?=0.147, ?=0.162, ?=0.124, ?=0.124, and ?=0.183, respectively; p<0.05). According to a simple linear regression model, expected labor pain, being extroverted, characteristics of neuroticism, and anxiety were among the most important indicators of male students’ childbirth fear prior to pregnancy (?=0.164, ?=0.113, ?=0.153, and ?=0.130, respectively; p<0.05). Severe labor pain expectancy and high anxiety levels are predictors of childbirth fear prior to pregnancy in both female and male students. Extroversion and agreeableness in female students; extroversion and neuroticism in male students are personality traits that affect childbirth fear prior to pregnancy.Öğe Prenatal kayıp yaşamış gebelere uygulanan duygusal özgürlük tekniği ve müziğin psikolojik gelişim, iyi olma durumu ve kortizol düzeyine etkisi(İnönü Üniversitesi, 2021) Okyay, Esra Karataş; Uçar, TubaAmaç: Araştırma, prenatal kayıp yaşamış gebelere uygulanan duygusal özgürlük tekniği ve müziğin psikolojik gelişim, iyi olma durumu ve kortizol düzeyine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Materyal ve Metot: Araştırma, Ekim 2020-Nisan 2021 tarihleri arasında, Elazığ Fethi Sekin Şehir Hastanesi'nin kadın doğum polikliniklerine başvuru yapan toplam 159 gebe ile randomize kontrollü olarak yürütüldü (53 DÖT, 53 müzik, 53 kontrol). Araştırmada DÖT grubundaki gebelere bir hafta ara ile iki kez DÖT uygulandı; müzik grubundaki gebelere bir hafta ara ile iki kez müzik dinletildi. İlk girişimden sonraki bir hafta boyunca gebeler girişimlere evde devam etti. Verilerin toplanmasında SUDS, SUE Skalası, TSBE, WHO-5 İyi Olma İndeksi kullanıldı ve kortizol değerlendirmesi için tükürük numunesi alındı. Bulgular: DÖT ve müzik girişimi sonrası gebelerin SUE skalasına göre kaygı düzeylerinin farklılık gösterdiği, en düşük kaygı düzeyinin DÖT grubuna ait olduğu ve kontrol grubunun kaygısının anlamlı düzeyde arttığı belirlendi (p<0.001). DÖT ve müzik grubundaki gebelerde girişimler sonrasında TSBE ve WHO-5 İyi Olma İndeksi puan ortalamalarının kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak önemli düzeyde yüksek ve tükürük kortizol ortancalarının önemli düzeyde düşük olduğu bulundu (p<0.05). Gruplararası karşılaştırmada WHO-5 İyi Olma İndeksi üzerinde DÖT uygulamasının daha etkili olduğu belirlendi (p<0.001; a>b>c). Ayrıca girişimler sonrası kontrol grubundaki gebelerin tükürük kortizol ortancalarının DÖT ve müzik grubundaki gebelere göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde yüksek olduğu belirlendi (p<0.001). Sonuç: Prenatal kayıp yaşamış gebelere uygulanan DÖT ve müziğin kaygıyı azalttığı, psikolojik gelişimi sağladığı, iyilik halini geliştirdiği ve tükürük kortizol düzeyini düşürdüğü belirlendi.Öğe The Relationship between Fear of Childbirth and the Desire to Avoid Pregnancy among Young Unmarried Women(2022) Güney, Esra; Okyay, Esra Karataş; Uçar, TubaObjectives: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between fear of childbirth among young unmarried women and their desire to avoid pregnancy. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out using a web-based survey shared with young unmarried women through young unmarried women’s groups on social media and communication platforms (WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, Instagram, etc.). The sample of the study consisted of 551 women who voluntarily agreed to fill out the survey. To collect the data, a Personal Information Form, the Desire to Avoid Pregnancy (DAP) Scale, and the Childbirth Fear - Prior to Pregnancy Scale (CF-PPS) were used. Results: According to the results of the study, there was a positive, weak, and statistically significant relationship between CF-PPS and DAP (p<0.001). It was found that the participants had moderate levels of fear of childbirth and moderate levels of desire to avoid pregnancy. Additionally, it was determined that the fear of childbirth and desire to avoid pregnancy levels of the participants who were not working and those who were at or over the age of 24 were the lowest, and the fear of childbirth and desire to avoid pregnancy levels of the participants who had not witnessed/watched childbirth before and those who did not envision their labor were high. Conclusions: Consequently, it was determined that women who experience the fear of childbirth may display behaviors of avoiding pregnancy. Accordingly, it may be argued that reducing the childbirth fear levels of young unmarried women is highly important for their experience of healthy pregnancies. Thus, it is recommended to provide effective counseling for young unmarried women regarding pregnancy and childbirth.
