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    Beneficial effects of apricot-feeding on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2009) Parlakpinar, Hakan; Olmez, Ercument; Acet, Ahmet; Ozturk, Feral; Tasdemir, Seda; Ates, Burhan; Gul, Mehmet
    The present study was undertaken to evaluate the cardio-protective potential of apricot-feeding in the ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) model of rats in vivo. Rats were divided into three groups of 12 rats each. Group 1 was fed with a standard rat chow, groups 2 and 3 were fed with a standard rat chow supplemented with 10% or 20% dried apricot during 3 months before the beginning of I/R studies. To produce I/R, the left main coronary artery was occluded for 30 min, followed by 120 min reperfusion, in anesthetized rats. Infarct sizes were found significantly decreased in 10% (55.0 +/- 4.3%) and 20% (57.0 +/- 2.9%) apricot-fed groups compared to control group (68.7 +/- 2.0%). Light and electron microscopic evaluations of hearts also demonstrated similar beneficial effects on I/R injury in apricot-fed both groups. Total phenolic contents, DPPH radical scavenging and ferric-reducing power as in vitro antioxidant capacities of rat chows were significantly increased after supplementation with apricot for each ratio. Cu, Zn Superoxide dismutase (Cu, Zn SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were increased, and lipid peroxidation was decreased significantly in the hearts of 20% apricot-fed group after I/R. In conclusion, we clearly demonstrated in vivo cardio-protective activity of apricot-feeding related to its antioxidant phenolic contents in rats subjected to myocardial I/R. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Commonly used intravenous anesthetics decrease bladder contractility: An in vitro study of the effects of propofol, ketamine, and midazolam on the rat bladder
    (Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd, 2010) Ceran, Canan; Pampal, Arzu; Goktas, Ozgur; Pampal, H. Kutluk; Olmez, Ercument
    Aim: This study was designed to test the hypothesis that propofol, ketamine, and midazolam could alter the contractile activity of detrusor smooth muscle. Materials and Methods: Four detrusor muscle strips isolated from each rat bladder (n = 12) were placed in 4 tissue baths containing Krebs-Henseleit solution. The carbachol (10-8 to 10-4 mol/L)-induced contractile responses as well as 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 Hz electrical field stimulation (EFS)-evoked contractile responses of the detrusor muscles were recorded using isometric contraction measurements. After obtaining basal responses, the in vitro effects of propofol, ketamine, midazolam (10-5 to 10-3 mol/L), and saline on the contractile responses of the detrusor muscle strips were recorded and evaluated. Results: All the 3 drugs reduced the carbachol-induced and/or EFS-evoked contractile responses of rat detrusor smooth muscles in different degrees. Midazolam (10-4 to 10-3 mol/L) caused a significant decrease in the contractile responses elicited by either EFS or carbachol (P= 0.000-0.013). Propofol (10-3 mol/L) caused a decrease only in EFS-evoked contractile responses (P= 0.001-0.004) and ketamine (10-3 mol/L) caused a decrease only in carbachol-induced contractile responses (P= 0.001-0.034). Conclusion: We evaluated the effects of the 3 different intravenous anesthetics on detrusor contractile responses in vitro and found that there are possible interactions between anesthetic agents and detrusor contractile activity. The depressant effects of midazolam on the contractile activity were found to be more significant than ketamine and propofol. Despite the necessity of further studies, it could be a piece of wise advice to clinicians to keep the probable alterations due to intravenous anesthetics in mind, while evaluating the results of urodynamic studies in children under sedation.
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    Morphological Changes and Vascular Reactivity of Rat Thoracic Aorta Twelve Months After Pinealectomy
    (Ortadogu Ad Pres & Publ Co, 2010) Kurcer, Zehra; Ozturk, Feral; Sahna, Engin; Kurus, Meltem; Olmez, Ercument
    Objective: Melatonin, a hormone produced by the pineal gland, has been suggested to protect against development of hypertension and atherosclerosis. In this study, the effects of long-term melatonin deficiency for twelve months after pinealectomy on the alpha-adrenergic-contractions induced by phenylephrine, endothelium-dependent relaxation responses to acetylcholine and the morphological changes in the rat thoracic aorta were studied. Material and Metods: Rats were pinealectomized twelve months before the beginning of the vasomotor studies. Rings of arteries were mounted in isolated tissue baths for the measurements of isometric contractile force. The contractile responses to phenylephrine and endothelium-dependent relaxation responses to acetylcholine in the vessels were evaluated. Endothelial function was evaluated by vascular relaxation to acetylcholine. Histological examinations demonstrated the alterations of tunica media in the vessels of pinealectomized rats. Results: Thick and thin areas were observed in the transverse sections of vessels and the ratio of the widest media thickness to the narrowest was found significantly increased in pinealectomized group (2.85 +/- 056) when compared to the control group (1.65 +/- 0.10). In addition, alpha-smooth muscle actin and elastic lamellae staining of the media were attenuated in pinealectomized rats. Although contractile responses of vessels to phenylephrine in pinealectomized rats were lower than control group, significant difference was found for only one concentration (3x 10-8 mol l-1) of phenylephrine. There was no difference between the relaxation responses to acetylcholine in pinealectomized and control groups. Conclusion: These results show that long-term melatonin deficiency may cause some morphological changes in the tunics media of vessels. However, the function of endothelium and vascular responsiveness to proportional to-adrenergic stimulus seem to be mostly protected.