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    DEVELOPMENT AND IN VIVO APPLICATION OF LEVODOPA LOADED POLYLACTIC CO- GYLICOLIC ACID (PLGA) NANOPARTICLES FOR NAZAL BRAIN DRUG DELIVERY
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2020) Comoglu, T.; Arisoy, S.; Atalay, O.; Onal, D.; Pehlivanoglu, B.
    [Abstract Not Available]
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    Dexmedetomidine blunts acute hyperdynamic responses to electroconvulsive therapy without altering seizure duration
    (Wiley, 2008) Begec, Z.; Toprak, H. I.; Demirbilek, S.; Erdil, F.; Onal, D.; Ersoy, M. O.
    Background: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the acute hyperdynamic response, duration of seizure activity and recovery times in patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Methods: Fourteen patients underwent a total of 84 ECT sessions as a crossover design. Patients were randomly allocated to receive either dexmedetomidine (1 mu g/kg IV over a period of 10 min) or saline (control). Anaesthesia was induced with propofol 1 mg/kg, and then succinylcholine 0.5 mg/kg IV was administered. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate (HR) were recorded during the study period. Results: HR in the dexmedetomidine group was lower than that in the control group at 5 and 10 min after the start of study drug infusion, and at 1, 3 and 10 min after the seizure ended (P < 0.05). Peak HR was lower in the dexmedetomidine group compared with that in the control group (P < 0.05). The mean arterial pressure (MAP) values in the dexmedetomidine group were lower at 0, 1, 3 and 10 min after the seizure ended compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Both motor and electroencephalography (EEG) seizure duration in the control group (35.65 +/- 14.89 and 49.07 +/- 9.94 s, respectively) were similar to that in the dexmedetomidine group (33.30 +/- 12.01 and 45.15 +/- 17.79 s, respectively) (P > 0.05). Time to spontaneous breathing, eye opening and obeying commands were not different between the groups. Conclusion: A dexmedetomidine dose of 1 mu g/kg IV administered over 10 min before the induction of anaesthesia with propofol may be useful in preventing the acute hyperdynamic responses to ECT without altering the duration of seizure activity and recovery time.
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    Ketamine or alfentanil administration prior to propofol anaesthesia: the effects on ProSeal™ laryngeal mask airway insertion conditions and haemodynamic changes in children
    (Wiley, 2009) Begec, Z.; Demirbilek, S.; Onal, D.; Erdil, F.; Ilksen Toprak, H.; Ozcan Ersoy, M.
    This study was designed to compare the effects of ketamine and alfentanil administered prior to induction of anaesthesia with propofol, on the haemodynamic changes and ProSeal laryngeal mask airway((R)) (PLMA) insertion conditions in children. Eighty children, aged between 3-132 months, were randomly allocated to receive either alfentanil 20 mu g.kg(-1) (alfentanil group) or ketamine 0.5 mg.kg(-1) (ketamine group) before induction of anaesthesia. Ninety seconds following the administration of propofol 4 mg.kg(-1), a PLMA was inserted. In the ketamine group, heart rate and mean arterial pressure were higher during the study period compared with the alfentanil group (p < 0.05). The time for the return of spontaneous ventilation was prolonged in the alfentanil group (p = 0.004). In conclusion, we found that the administration of ketamine 0.5 mg.kg(-1) with propofol 4 mg.kg(-1) preserved haemodynamic stability, and reduced the time to the return of spontaneous ventilation, compared with alfentanil 20 mu g.kg(-1) during PLMA placement. In addition, the conditions for insertion of the PLMA with ketamine were similar to those found with alfentanil.