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    Experimental and numerical investigation of flexural behavior of balsa core sandwich composite structures
    (Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2023) Onal, Tugberk; Temiz, Semsettin
    The mechanical properties of bio-core sandwich composite structures fabricated in different configurations were investigated experimentally and numerically in this study. Balsa woods with thicknesses of 4, 6, 8, and 10mm were used in the core element. Glass fiber/epoxy composites with 8 and 12 layers at [0 degrees](2s), [0/90 degrees](s), and [+/- 45 degrees] (s) fiber orientation zones were used on the bottom and top surfaces of the sandwich structure. The effects of external surface fiber arrangement variation, the number of layers, and core thickness increase on the flexural damage load of sandwich structures produced by the vacuum infusion method were investigated. For this purpose, a three-point bending test was applied to the sandwich specimens. Maximum damage load values were determined using the three-point bending test performed in accordance with ASTM C-393 standard. Experimental and numerical data were compared with the finite element model created in the ANSYS package program. As a result of the tests, the damaged specimens were visualized and the types of damage to the balsa wood and composite element were determined.
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    Impact behavior of natural material-based sandwich composites
    (Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2025) Onal, Tugberk; Temiz, Semsettin
    Sandwich structures may be exposed to different impact loads depending on their areas of use. In this study, low-speed impact tests were implemented on balsa core sandwich composite materials and impact behaviors were examined. Balsa woods of 4, 6, 8, and 10mm in thickness were used as core elements. Eight- and 12-layered glass fiber-reinforced composite materials with different orientation arrangements were used for the sandwich structures' top and bottom surfaces. The fiber orientation angles of the glass fiber materials were determined as [0 degrees](2s) and [0 degrees/90 degrees](s). The balsa core sandwich composite materials were produced using the vacuum infusion method. The prepared samples were tested at impact energy of 15, 30, 45, and 60J. At the end of these tests, the effects of impact energy, core thickness, increase in number of outer surface layers, and change in orientation angle on contact force, displacement, and absorbed energy values were analyzed. The outer surfaces of the damaged samples and the damage patterns that occurred in the balsa wood were examined after the tests.