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    Biochemical Characterization of Arbequina Extra Virgin Olive Oil Produced in Turkey
    (Wiley, 2016) Uluata, Sibel; Altuntas, Umit; Ozcelik, Beraat
    Varieties of the olive cultivar Arbequina have recently been cultivated in Turkey. The objective of the study is to characterize and evaluate extra-virgin olive oils (EVOO) produced from Arbequina grown in the Aegean and Mediterranean regions of Turkey. Major and minor components such as carotenoids, squalene, phenolics and tocopherols were studied to assess their effects on product quality and health benefits. The samples, identified as ArbqI and ArbqA, were from the Izmir and Adana provinces, respectively. Samples were analyzed by GC-FID to determine fatty acid composition, sterol composition, TAG profile and squalene content. Individual phenolic fractions were analyzed by LC-MS/MS and tocopherol isomers were determined by HPLC. According to the results obtained from this study; Total phenolic content (TPC) of the samples were 454.68 and 50.86 mg Gallic acid/kg oil for ArbqI and ArbqA, respectively. Hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol were determined to be the main phenols. The major tocopherol isomer found in ArbqI and ArbqA was alpha-tocopherol with levels of 179.55 and 202.5 mg/kg oil, respectively. beta-Carotene levels in both samples were similar at 0.2 mg/kg. Findings of this study were compared with the literature on Arbequina olive oil produced in different countries. It was determined that Arbequina olive oil of high quality can be produced in Turkey, especially in the Aegean region.
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    Characterization of Turkish Extra Virgin Olive Oils and Classification Based on Their Growth Regions Coupled with Multivariate Analysis
    (Springer, 2021) Uluata, Sibel; Altuntas, Umit; Ozcelik, Beraat
    The aim of this study was to investigate the biochemical composition and antioxidant activity of extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs) produced from different olive cultivars in the two coastal areas of Turkey; Aegean and Mediterranean regions. Samples were divided into two groups according to the olive-growing region and were classified by soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) algorithm based on chemical composition of EVOOs. Oleic acid was determined as the major fatty acid in both regions and varied from 46.7 to 71.6%. beta-Sitosterol was the main sterol compound, and trioleoylglycerol (OOO) was determined as the main triacylglycerol (TAG) in all samples with >32% ratio. Memecik cultivar (263.4 mg/kg oil) and Gemlik cultivar (279.5 mg/kg oil) had the highest alpha-tocopherol content in Aegean and Mediterranean regions, respectively. Olive oil produced from Gemlik cultivar had the highest total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity in all samples.
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    Proximate analysis and fatty acid, mineral and soluble carbohydrate profiles of some brown macroalgae collected from Turkiye coasts
    (Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2023) Yucetepe, Aysun; Aydar, Elif Feyza; Okudan, Emine Sukran; Ozcelik, Beraat; Durmaz, Gokhan
    In this study, the fatty acid, carbohydrate, and mineral profiles and proximate composition of Halopteris scoparia, Padina pavonica, Zanardinia typus, Cladostephus spongiosum, Sargassum vulgare, and Sargassum acinarium brown macroalgae collected from Turkiye seas were determined. According to the results, the ash and total carbohydrate contents of all macroalgae ranged from 20.79 to 53.49% in dry weight (dw) and from 15.32 to 55.13% dw, respectively. Their protein, lipid and crude fiber contents changed between 4.22 and 9.89% dw, 0.25 and 0.90% dw, and 12.28 and 16.01% dw, respectively. Palmitic acid (29.36-48.55% dw) and oleic acid (8.92-20.92% dw) were at the highest levels in all brown macroalgae. In addition, they included prominent levels of saturated fatty acids (51.87-69.56% dw of total fatty acid content). Magnesium (6.97-18.78 mg/kg dw), potassium (1.34-3.78 mg/kg dw), iron (1.27-8.24 mg/kg dw), and manganese (63.10-252.23 mu g/kg dw) were found to be the major minerals. The main soluble carbohydrates of macroalgae were found to be mannitol (1149.99-8676.31 mg/kg dw), glucose (368.78-1305.59 mg/kg dw), myo-inositol (225.96-956.78 mg/kg dw), fructose (137.05-689.21 mg/kg dw), and sucrose (189.55-328.06 mg/kg dw). This study revealed that brown macroalgae are particularly rich in potassium, magnesium, iron, manganese, and zinc and they may have potential for use in the food industry.