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    N-alkylbenzimidazole silver(I) complexes: Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking study
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2024) Ari, Erkan; Sahin, Neslihan; Ustun, Elvan; Dundar, Muhammed; Karci, Huseyin; Ozdemir, Lknur; Koc, Ahmet
    A series of N-alkylbenzimidazole silver(I) complexes were synthesized and fully characterized by FT-IR, Mass, 1H, 13C{1H} NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Synthesized N-alkylbenzimidazole silver(I) complexes were investigated for their antimicrobial activities against bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and the fungal strains Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. All the complexes (2a-f) showed higher antimicrobial activity against bacteria than fungi strains. In particular, complexes 2b and 2e showed comparable activity to Ampicillin against Escherichia coli. Also, all complexes showed better activity than Ampicillin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The complex 2e showed remarkable activity against Candida albicans (12.5 mu g/mL) and Candida glabrata (25 mu g/mL). The molecules that were first optimized by DFT-based calculation methods were also analyzed by molecular docking methods against DNA gyrase of E. Coli, CYP51 from Candida glabrata, and Penicillin Binding Protein-3.
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    Synthesis of new imidazolidine derivatives: Characterization, anti-cancer potential and molecular docking
    (Elsevier, 2025) Slimani, Ichraf; Karci, Huseyin; Dundar, Muhammed; Ustun, Elvan; Ozdemir, Lknur; Gurbuz, Nevin; Koc, Ahmet
    Creating safe and effective anticancer pharmaceuticals with an imidazolidine heterocyclic ring was the goal of this project. Starting with 1-(2-hydroxypropyl)imidazoline and N, N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal, substituted-imidazolidine derivatives (3a-h) have been generated. The anti-tumor potential of the imidazolidine derivatives (3a-h) was further investigated using the human colon cancer cell line HCT116 and the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y. All of the synthesized compounds, except for All synthesized compounds, except for the salt 3f (1-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl) imidazolinium chloride) which was not active against the HCT116 cancer cell line, were active against the two cell lines. According to the results of biological tests, the inhibitory concentration (IC50) values ranged from 45.44 mu M to 663.73 mu M. The salt 3 g showed the highest anticancer effect, particularly against the HCT116 cancer cell line, with a selectivity index reaching 2.75. Also, optimized molecules were analyzed by molecular docking methods against crystal structures of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors (VEGFR2) and Cytochrome P450 17A1, and their binding affinities, interaction details and inhibition constants were determined. The molecules were additionally evaluated for possible drug-likeness and bioavailability scores which include absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity aspects.
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    Sythesis, characterisation, anticancer and antimicrobial activity of Ag-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes containing benzimidazole derivatives
    (Elsevier Science Sa, 2024) Karci, Huseyin; Dundar, Muhammed; Nawaz, Zahid; Ozdemir, Lknur; Gurbuz, Nevin; Koc, Ahmet; Ozdemir, Ismail
    To prepare a novel series of silver(I) complexes, the interaction of benzimidazolium salts having their two nitrogen atoms substituted by bulky groups with Ag2O in DCM has been carried out. Their structures were characterized by elemental analyses, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, elemental analysis, and IR spectroscopy techniques. Further, the antimicrobial and antifungal activities properties of both the salts and their silver(I)-NHC complexes were tested against positive and negative bacteria using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and the European Committee for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) respectively. The results show that silver complexes are effective against E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus bacterial species with moderate to high activity, and their minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 25 to 400 mu g/Ml. It was also observed that 3b compound, which has the best antifungal properties among the synthesized compounds, showed high antimicrobial activity when all bacterial species were taken into account. In addition, the salts and complexes were then evaluated for their ability to inhibit the proliferation of four different cancer cell lines (A549, MCF-7, HCT116, SH-SY5Y and BEAS-2B cells lines). AlamarBlue assay demonstrated that the salts and complexes exhibited potent cytotoxicity towards all cancer lines. 2c compound showed the highest cytotoxic activity against BEAS-2B, A549 and MCF-7 cell lines. Except for 2c, compounds 3d, 3e and 3f showed cytotoxic activity at the lowest concentrations against MCF7 cell line.The study highlights the importance of N-heterocyclic carbene ligands in the development of silver-based drugs with anticancer properties.