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    The pharmacists' ability to use pressurized metered-dose inhalers with a spacer device and factors affecting it
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Topal, Erdem; Arga, Mustafa; Ozmen, Abdullah Hakan; Kursun, Muhammet Arif; Ilhan, Omer Adil; Alici, Mustafa
    Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the pharmacists' ability to use pMDIs with a spacer device and the factors that affect this ability. Method: Face to face interviews were conducted with the pharmacists. A nine item questionnaire was completed and the checklist for how to use pMDIs with a spacer device was filled out. Results: A total of 307 pharmacists voluntarily participated in this study. Fifty-six (18.2%) of the pharmacists stated that they did not know how to use pMDIs with a spacer device. These pharmacists were excluded and remaining 251 pharmacists included in the study. Only 100 (39.8%) pharmacists demonstrated all of the inhaler spacer device usage steps correctly. The step in which pharmacists made the most mistakes was take 5-6 deep and slow breaths, hold for 10 s and slow breaths. Those pharmacists who were more likely to correctly use pMDIs with a spacer device were younger (p = 0.023), had dispensed more asthma medications per day (p < 0.001), had dispensed more asthma medications per day for patients younger than six years of age (p = 0.016), and sold inhaler spacer devices at their pharmacy (p = 0.042). Conclusion: Approximately one third of the pharmacists in the current study were able to correctly demonstrate all of the steps for proper usage of pMDIs with a spacer device, which indicates that pharmacists should be included in the training program and be provided continuous training on the use of pMDIs with a spacer device.
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    Prevalence of atopic diseases in children with papular urticaria
    (Codon Publications, 2021) Celiksoy, Mehmet Halil; Ozmen, Abdullah Hakan; Topal, Erdem
    Background: Papular urticaria is a hypersensitivity reaction characterized by chronic and recurrent papular erythema. It occurs as a result of the bites of mosquitoes, fleas, bed bugs, and other insects; and it is generally seen in children. This study examines the prevalence of atopic diseases in patients with papular urticaria. Methods: The medical records of 130 pediatric patients with the diagnosis of papular urticaria between August 2017 and August 2019, whose disease progression was followed in two ter-tiary care centers, were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups: under 5 and above 5 years old. The prevalence of the atopic disease in children with papular urticaria was compared with those in age-matched controls without papular urticaria. Results: The study included 130 patients who were diagnosed with papular urticaria (64 mates, 66 females, median age: 60 months). The prevalences of atopic disease, recurrent wheezing, and atopic dermatitis were higher in the group under 5 years old with papular urticaria than in the same-age control group (p=0.001, 0.002, and 0.001, respectively). The prevalences of atopic disease, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis were higher in the group above 5 years old with papular urticaria than in the same-age control group (p=0.001, 0.001, 0.001, and 0.007, respectively). Conclusions: Many children with papular urticaria are atopic children. These patients should be assessed not only in terms of papular urticaria but also in terms of comorbid atopic diseases. (C) 2021 Codon Publications. Published by Codon Publications.