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    Effects of lntrathecal fentanyl in patients undergoing cesarean section
    (2000) Bakan N.; Ozpolat S.; Ayas A.; Ersoy M.O.
    In this study it is investigated the effects of fentanyl with intrathecal bupivacaine on 75 patients who underwent either elective or emergent cesarean sections. Patients were divided into three groups: Patients of Group I received 0.5 %, 2.5 mL bupivacaine; Group II received 0.5%, 2.5 mL bupivacaine+fentanyl 10 ?g and Group III received 0.5 %, 2.5 mL bupivacaine+fentanyl 15 ?g (per each group 25 patients), respectively. During procedure sistolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP) and mean (MAP) arterial pressures, heart rate, peripheral oxygen saturation, motor and sensorial block levels, analgesic efficacy (duration of efficient analgesia, total amount of analgesic) were monitored. Decrements in SAP and MAP at 3rd and 5th minutes were statistically significant between groups (p<0.05). First ephedrin administration time was shortest in 15 ?g fentanyl group (Group I: 11.60±5.59 min; Group II: 8.15±5.58 min; Group III: 5.11±4.31 min) which was statistically different between groups (p<0.05). Motor and sensory block levels were higher in fentanyl groups. Motor block level values at 1st and 5th min and sensory block levels at 1st, 15th and 30th min were statistically significant when compared within groups (p<0.05). Three patients in Group I required additional analgesia and in another patient surgery was completed with general anaesthesia. None of the patients in Group H and III required additional analgesia. Analgesic efficacy was similar in all groups. Effects on newborns as monitored with umblical blood gas analysis and APGAR scores were all similar and within normal limits. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding side effects, but intraoperative nausea was less in fentanyl groups. In conclusion; addition of fentanyl to intrathecal bupivacaine in each group of patients was found to fasten the establishment of profound block, as well as decreases the necessity of intraoperative additional analgesia and also decreaes nausea, which were all more prominent in 15 ?g fentanyl group.