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    The Impact of Friendship Skills Psycho-education on the Friendship Quality of 9-12 Year-Old Students
    (Turkish Education Assoc, 2017) Ozturk, Nilgun; Kutlu, Mustafa
    The objective of the present study is to examine the effect of friendship skills psycho-education (FSE) on the quality of friendship among 9-12-year-old students. In the study, a 3x2 (experiment, control and placebo group x pre-test-post-test) mixed design was used. For this purpose, in the first taint of 2014-2015 academic year, a friendship quality scale was applied to the 5th and 6th grade students in a secondary school in a province center in Eastern Anatolia in order to determine who will participate in the friendship skill psycho-education program. A total of 27 volunteering students (experimental group = 9, control group = 9, placebo group = 9) who met the inclusion criteria for the psycho education program were randomly assigned to the experiment, control and placebo groups as a result of the conducted pretest. In order to improve the friendship qualities of the participants in the experimental group, a 11-session friendship skills psycho education program developed by the researcher, and with the placebo group, a five-session group consulting application on efficient studying methods and techniques were conducted. No application was conducted with the control group. Two-factor ANOVA results demonstrated that friendship skills psycho education program was effective on the quality of friendship. The results of the present study, showed that the friendship skills psycho-education program could be used as an effective approach to improve the friendship qualities of students aged between 9 and 12.
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    Porcelain laminate veneer conditioning for orthodontic bonding: SEM-EDX analysis
    (Springer London Ltd, 2015) Aksakalli, Sertac; Ileri, Zehra; Yavuz, Tevfik; Malkoc, Meral Arslan; Ozturk, Nilgun
    The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the effects of different surface treatments and laser irradiation on the bond strength of brackets bonded to porcelain laminate veneer. Porcelain laminate veneer specimens were embedded in the centers of acrylic resin blocks. Thirty-nine teeth were used for shear bond strength testing and the remaining three (one tooth for each group) were used for evaluation of the debonded bracket interface. Specimens were randomly divided into three groups, each containing 13 specimens. The details of the groups are as follows: Group SB, sandblasting with alumina particles (50 mu m); Group HFA, 9.6 % hydrofluoric acid etching; Group ER, erbium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er: YAG) irradiation (from 1 mm distance, 2 W, 10 Hz for 10 s). After conditioning, the upper central brackets were bonded to the porcelain surfaces. Porcelain laminate veneers were examined under stereomicroscope for adhesive remnant index and surface damage after debonding. The highest shear bond strength values were obtained with Group HFA (10.8 +/- 3.8 MPa) and Group ER (9.3 +/- 1.5 MPa), whereas Group SB revealed the lowest values. Scanning electron microscopy energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) analysis revealed that the silicon level in the porcelain decreased after debonding in all groups. The sandblasting method did not demonstrate any ideal bond strength values; however, the 9.6 % hydrofluoric acid etching and Er: YAG laser did. There were no significant differences among all groups in terms of laminate surface damages. The Er: YAG laser therefore can be selected for ideal bond strength and minimal damage to porcelain laminates.
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    Reasons for resentment of high school teenagers with friends
    (Wiley, 2021) Ozturk, Nilgun; Atli, Abdullah
    The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine the reasons for resentment of high school teenagers of their friends, and to categorize these reasons under overarching themes. As a result of the thematic analyses of the qualitative conversations made with 90 (45 = girls, 45 = boys) high school students aged 15-18, the reasons for resentment were collected under the following five main themes: Jealousy, Gossiping and sharing secrets, Disagreement on common events, Falling in love with my friend's boyfriend/girlfriend and Pranks. We believe that this study provides data in contributing to the in-depth understanding of the feelings and experiences of resentful teenagers who have problems in friendships.