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Öğe Cardiovascular effects of JWH 018 from synthetic cannabinoids(Medicine Science | International Medical Journal, 2016) Parlakpınar, Hakan; Celbiş, Osman; Özhan, Onural; Petekkaya, Semih; Şamdancı, Emine; Ermiş, Necip; Koparır, Pelin; Soylu, Özcan; Acet, Hacı AhmetThe content of synthetic cannabinoids (SC) which are known in Europe as ‘Spice’, in the U.S.A. as K2’, and in Turkey as ‘Bonsai’ or ‘Jamaica’ is not standardized. Also SC are known to contain approximately 400 chemical compounds which vary from country to country. SC mimics the effect of ?9 - tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) which is the major effective content of Cannabis or Marijuana by cannabinoid-1 (CB1) and cannabinoid-2 (CB2) receptors in the body cell. Although the new SCs are synthesized and the number of new derivatives is increased in every day; JWH-018 among these derivatives exerts full agonist effect on both CB1 and CB2 receptors also it has a short-term effect as 2 hours. For this reason, JWH-018 is the most commonly used as SC. There are a few data in the literature regarding to the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of SC. Furthermore, most of the existing data are based on in vitro experiments. In the JWH-018 report, at Critical Review Report Agenda item 4.5 Expert Committee on Drug Dependence of World Health Organization (WHO), Thirty-sixth Meeting Geneva, 16-20 June 2014, is declared that despite a marked elevation of the heart rate is one of the clinical signs very often seen after intoxication with SC, there is no available study data regarding effects of SCs on cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary systems, liver and kidney tissues . The aim of this review is to highlight cardiovascular effects of JW-018 which is considered to be the prototype for synthetic cannabinoids to prepare the ground for new work to be done.Öğe A case of sudden death due to lighter refill gas ınhalation(Turgut Özal Tıp Merkezi Dergisi, 2016) Petekkaya, Semih; Ayaz, Nusret; Doğan, Mustafa; Oruç, Mücahit; Öner, Bedirhan Sezer; Göktürk, Cihan; Çelebi, Ahmet; Budak, Adalet Eda; Soylu, Özcan; Celbiş, OsmanAbstract A component of lighters refill tubes, butane is a colourless and flammable substance with gasoline-like or natural gas odour. The abuse of easily accessible lighter gas butane is increasing among children and adolescants and this abuse causes euphoric effects. Inhalants are the most commonly used drug after alcohol and tobacco among adolescents. In the literature, it is reported that butane inhalation directly affects central nervous system, respiratory and cardiovasculer systems. To prevent this increasing trend, we believe that society, especially youth, should be educated through precautionary educational activities, sales of lighter refill tubes should be monitored and be made agerestricted, and lighter refill tubes should have warning signs that everyone would understand and attract attention. We present a case of the sudden death of a seventeen-year-old male due to inhaling butane containing lighter refill gas with friends along with the autopsy findings and the results of toxicology and histopathology investigations. Keywords: Butane; Lighter Refill Gas; Sudden Death; Autopsy.Öğe Early Stage Pulmonary Embolism Because of Stab Wound Injury Without Vascular Penetration(Aves, 2017) Petekkaya, Semih; Ayaz, Nusret; Dogan, Mustafa; Oruc, Mucahit; Okdemir, Erdem; Celbis, OsmanIntroduction: Pulmonary embolism, occurring as a result of acute obstruction of the pulmonary artery system, may vary from the frequently observed asymptomatic clinical state to sudden death and is a disease with high morbidity and mortality rates. Pulmonary embolism is most commonly observed within 5-7 days of trauma and has been occasionally reported before 4 days. Case Report: A 40-years-old female was admitted to emergency service with a knife wound injury. Her vital and laboratory values were normal. Physical examination revealed a knife wound injury, measuring 2 x 1 cm, on the femoral midline of the left leg. Then, she was discharged. After approximately 6 h, she presented to another emergency service with complaints of chest pain and syncope. During evaluation, she developed cardiopulmonary arrest and died because of pulmonary embolism. Conclusion: This report presents a case of early stage pulmonary embolism that developed because of circulation disruption caused by the effect of pressure as a result of a localized hematoma owing to an indirect effect of a stab wound injury with no vascular penetration injury.Öğe Evaluation of socio-demographic characteristics of people was determined to use synthetic cannabinoids in Malatya and its surrounding cities / districts and LC-MS/MS analysis method(2020) Oruc, Mucahit; Petekkaya, Semih; Soylu, Ozcan; Oner, Bedirhan Sezer; Celbis, Osman; Dinc, Ahmet HakanAim: Synthetic cannabinoids (SC) were initially developed in 1960s to target the cannabinoid receptors in medical therapy. However, in recent years, the developed SC derivatives by processing the plant-based material have been sold on websites under the name of natural drugs.The city of Malatya is located at the eastern part of Turkey and has an important location for the transfer and marketing of narcotic substances. In our study, presentation of the socio-demographic characteristics of the cases, the SC was determined in whose blood samples in the analyses, living in Malatya and the surrounding cities-districts were aimed.Materials and Methods: In the scope of study, 275 cases whose blood samples was sent to the Chemistry Department in Forensic Medicine Institute at Malatya Group Presidency in 2016 and were detected as SC-positive by the chemical analysis were investigated.Results: Out of 275 cases, 97.8% were male, 2.2% were female. Median age was 24, 66.5% (n=180) of them were primary school, 18% (n=51) were high school graduate and 0.7% (n=2) were university graduate. The educational status of 27 cases could not be obtained.Conclusion: SC derivatives are marketed with slogan of “the natural ones are harmless”, and their use among the young people is rapidly becoming widespread. In our study, it was determined that the SC users are in the young age group and have low educational status. In order to decrease the number of users, awareness meetings regarding the harmful effects of SC must be organized in the educational institutions.Öğe An examination of forensic autopsy cases with pulmonary embolism(2020) Dündar, Ahmet Sedat; Oruç, Mücahit; Altın, İsmail; Öner, Bedirhan Sezer; Petekkaya, Semih; Şamdancı, Emine Türkmen; Celbiş, OsmanAbstract: Aim: This study was conducted for the purpose of adapting the Public Attitudes Toward Epilepsy Scale (PATE) for the Turkish context and determining its validity and reliability. Material and Methods: This is a methodological research and conducted in a family health centre located in the eastern Turkey between February 2018 and September 2018. In this study, 268 individuals, who were older than 18 years and registered in a Family Health Centre, were reached. Results: The result of the KMO test was determined to be 0.783 and that of Bartlett’s test 1002.772, and both were observed to be significant at a level of p , 0.001. Conclusion: Our study determined that the Turkish version of the PATE has validity and reliability and can be used in Turkish society.Öğe Incest Relationship between a Sister and Mentally Retarded Brother which Resulted in Pregnancy and Birth: A Case Report(2016) Doğan, Mustafa; Oruç, Mücahit; Celbiş, Osman; Özdemir, Bora; Petekkaya, SemihAbstract: Incest is an illegal sexual relationship which is encountered in all societies and more often seen in childhood with psychologically destructive effects. Most cases of incest remain hidden when there is no tangible evidence such as a witness or a subsequent pregnancy or become more chronic until the child reaches a mental level where they can understand the wrongness of the event. The study presented between an anatomically virgin girl who experienced sexual relations resulting pregnancy and birth, with her older brother who didn't have adequate sexual relationship information and thought he was playing games, re-enacting what seen on films and television. The girl 12 year-old at the time of incest, didn't realize that she was pregnant so the pregnancy couldn't be terminated and she gave birth to a baby. Applied tests, the accused brother were determined with mild mental retardation, but he had been educated to high school level. The girl was determined to have developed a severe mental disorder because of the event. In this case of incest which resulted in a birth, the girl was found to be victim, the sister and the infant's mother and the boy with mental retardation was the perpetrator. Our aim was to draw attention to destructive effects within the family of incest. In addition, incest cases are rarely seen, it should be pointed out that besides the girl as victim, the mentally-retarded brother and the newborn infant were also victims.Öğe A rare case of fatal venous and cerebral air embolism(2019) Yener, Zeynep; Turan, Ömer; Öner, Bedirhan Sezer; Celbiş, Osman; Petekkaya, SemihAbstract: venous air embolism can occur as a result of circumstances that include blunt head or chest trauma, thoracentesis, arterial catheterization, neurosurgery, cardiac surgery, and Caisson disease. The formation of a venous air embolism requires an air source, interaction between the air source and the vessel, and a pressure gradient supporting air migration into the vessel. Air enters through the impaired venous structure and travels to the right side of the heart and the pulmonary arteries, and depending on the amount of air, may occasionally be fatal. This report is the description of the case of a 3-year-old child who developed a fatal venous and cerebral embolism during neurosurgery for the treatment of skull fractures with epidural and subdural bleeding due to blunt head and chest trauma resulting from a television falling on her. The pathophysiology of death and notes regarding the medico-legal autopsy procedure in such cases are discussed. Meticulous autopsy techniques must be used to determine the presence of an air embolism in cases of blunt trauma, especially in patients with blunt trauma to the head who die during neurosurgery, and possible future malpractice claims should be kept in mind.Öğe Sudden death in relation to inhaling lighter fluid in adolescents(Romanian Legal Med Soc, 2017) Bork, Turgay; Celbis, Osman; Petekkaya, Semih; Oner, Bedirhan Sezer; Samdanci, EmineBackground. Sudden death as a consequence of lighter fluid abuse, though rare, happens during the adolescence period. The purpose of this study is to discuss the findings related to the deaths of young adults who died due to inhalation of lighter fluid. Material and Methods. 4 cases who died due to lighter fluid inhalation are included in the study. The autopsy as well as toxicological and pathological procedures of the cases are conducted in Malatya Council of Forensic Sciences. The age, sex, height, weight, clinical findings before death, place of death, autopsy and histopathology findings are assessed in comparison to the toxicological results. Findings. All the cases in the study are male. The ages are 15.75 +/- 1.25, heights are 167.75 +/- 12.68 cm and weights are 58.50 +/- 8.69 kg. In blood analyses, n-butane and isobutane are found in all of them while 3 of them has propane. Besides, 2 of the cases had Tetrahidrocannabinol in their blood and urine. Three of the deaths happened in the hospital while 1 of them was in the crime scene. In the autopsy of the cases, macroscopically, intensive point bleedings are detected while alveolar fresh bleeding centers are found in the histopathology. Conclusion. Autopsy and histopathologic findings are non-specific and the decision shall be given by assessing toxicological findings, crime scene examination and witness statements. In suspicious adolescent death, the detection of propane, isobutane and n-butane in toxicological examination is the only finding that makes us think of the presence of lighter fluid inhalation.
