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    Effect of clozapine on locomotor activity and anxiety-related behavior in the neonatal mice administered MK-801
    (Assoc Basic Medical Sci Federation Bosnia & Herzegovina Sarajevo, 2015) Pinar, Neslihan; Akillioglu, Kubra; Sefil, Fatih; Alp, Harun; Sagir, Mustafa; Acet, Ahmet
    Atypical antipsychotics have been used to treat fear and anxiety disturbance that are highly common in schizophrenic patients. It is suggested that disruptions of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-mediated transmission of glutamate may underlie the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The present study was conducted to analyze the effectiveness of clozapine on the anxiety-related behavior and locomotor function of the adult brain, which had previously undergone NMDA receptor blockade during a developmental period. In order to block the NMDA receptor, male mice were administered 0.25 mg/kg of MK-801 on days 7 to 10 postnatal. In adulthood, they were administered intraperitoneally 0.5 mg/kg of clozapine and tested with open-field and elevated plus maze test, to assess their emotional behavior and locomotor activity. In the group receiving MK-801 in the early developmental period the elevated plus maze test revealed a reduction in the anxiety-related behavior (p<0.05), while the open-field test indicated a decrease in locomotor activity (p<0.01). Despite these reductions, clozapine could not reverse the NMDA receptor blockade. Also, as an atypical antipsychotic agent, clozapine could not reverse impairment in the locomotor activity and anxiety-related behavior, induced by administration of the MK-801 in neonatal period.
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    Protective effect of dexpanthenol on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats
    (2019) Pinar, Neslihan; Ozcan, Oguzhan; Dogan, Esin; Cakirca, Gokhan
    Aim: We evaluated the protective effects of dexpanthenol (Dxp) in rats with gentamicin (Genta)-induced nephrotoxicity by assessing a panel of biochemical and histopathologic parameters.Material Methods: Forty rats were divided randomly into the following four groups: Control group, physiological saline solution (0.5 cc intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 8 days; Dxp group, Dxp (500 mg/kg i.p.) for 8 days; Genta group, Genta (100 mg/kg, i.p.) for 8 days; and Genta+Dxp group, Gent a and Dxp (100 and 500 mg/kg i.p., respectively) for 8 days.Results: TIn the Genta group, the urea, creatinine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly higher and the catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were significantly lower than those in the control group. In the Genta+Dxp group, the urea, creatinine, and TNF-α, TOS, OSI and MDA levels were significantly lower and the CAT and GSH-Px activities were significantly higher than those in the Genta group. Histopathological investigation showed severe tubular necrosis in the Genta group, which was of lesser severity in the Genta+Dxp group. Conclusion: The biochemical and histopathologic results of this study indicate that Dxp can ameliorate Genta-induced nephrotoxicity.Keywords: Oxidative stress; antioxidant; gentamicin; nephrotoxicity; dexpanthenol.