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Öğe Effects of Molsidomine on Retinopathy and Oxidative Stress Induced by Radiotheraphy in Rat Eyes(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2017) Ozer, Murat Atabey; Polat, Nihat; Ozen, Serkan; Parlakpinar, Hakan; Ekici, Kemal; Polat, Alaaddin; Vardi, NigarPurpose: To determine the role of Molsidomine in preventing radiation-induced retinopathy after head and neck region irradiation of rats with a single radiation dose of 15 Gy. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar albino rats were randomly grouped into five as follows: (1) control group rats, which were applied through an intraperitoneal (i.p.) vehicle without radiotherapy (RT); (2) RT group rats received a single dose of 15 Gy irradiation and after daily 0.1 ml vehicle i.p. for 5 consecutive days; (3) molsidomine (MOL) group rats were treated for 5 consecutive days by i.p. with 4 mg/kg/day MOL; (4) irradiation plus MOL group (RT+MOL) rats received irradiation and after 10 days single daily i.p. dose of MOL for 5 consecutive days; and (5) MOL+RT group rats were treated for 5 consecutive days by i.p. with MOL before RT. At the end of the work the rats were sacrificed under high-dose anesthesia on the 16(th) day and then eye tissues were taken for histopathological, immunohistochemical (caspase-3), and biochemical analyses (superoxide dismutase [SOD], glutathione peroxidase [GSH], and malondialdehyde [MDA]). Results: RT significantly decreased both the content of GSH and the activity of SOD, and significantly increased the production of MDA level in the rat eyes. MOL treatment significantly increased the SOD and GSH levels and significantly decreased the MDA production (p < 0.0001). In addition, RT significantly increased the number of ganglion cells (GCs; p = 0.001), whereas especially pretreatment with MOL improved (p = 0.013). RT led to significant retinopathy formation, and MOL therapy protected the retina from radiation-induced retinopathy (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: We suggest that MOL is a powerful antioxidant and free radical scavenger that prevents the rat eyes from radiation-induced retinopathy and oxidative stress.Öğe Effects of molsidomine on retinopathy and oxidative stress Induced by radiotheraphy in rat eyes(Current Eye Research, 2016) Özer, Murat Atabey; Polat, Nihat; Özen, Serkan; Ekici, Kemal; Polat, Alaaddin; Vardı, Nigar; Tanbek, Kevser; Yıldız, Azibe; Parlakpınar, HakanPurpose: To determine the role of Molsidomine in preventing radiation-induced retinopathy after head and neck region irradiation of rats with a single radiation dose of 15 Gy. Male Wistar albino rats were randomly grouped into five as follows: (1) control group rats, which were applied through an intraperitoneal (i.p.) vehicle without radiotherapy (RT); (2) RT group rats received a single dose of 15 Gy irradiation and after daily 0.1 ml vehicle i.p. for 5 consecutive days; (3) molsidomine (MOL) group rats were treated for 5 consecutive days by i.p. with 4 mg/kg/day MOL; (4) irradiation plus MOL group (RT+MOL) rats received irradiation and after 10 days single daily i.p. dose of MOL for 5 consecutive days; and (5) MOL+RT group rats were treated for 5 consecutive days by i.p. with MOL before RT. At the end of the work the rats were sacrificed under high-dose anesthesia on the 16th day and then eye tissues were taken for histopathological, immunohistochemical (caspase-3), and biochemical analyses (superoxide dismutase [SOD], glutathione peroxidase [GSH], and malondialdehyde [MDA]). RT significantly decreased both the content of GSH and the activity of SOD, and significantly increased the production of MDA level in the rat eyes. MOL treatment significantly increased the SOD and GSH levels and significantly decreased the MDA production (p < 0.0001). In addition, RT significantly increased the number of ganglion cells (GCs; p = 0.001), whereas especially pretreatment with MOL improved (p = 0.013). RT led to significant retinopathy formation, and MOL therapy protected the retina from radiation-induced retinopathy (p < 0.0001). We suggest that MOL is a powerful antioxidant and free radical scavenger that prevents the rat eyes from radiation-induced retinopathy and oxidative stress.Öğe Effects of varenicline on lung tissue in the animal model(Soc Brasileira Pneumologia Tisiologia, 2020) Ermis, Hilal; Parlakpinar, Hakan; Elbe, Hulya; Vardi, Nigar; Polat, Alaaddin; Gulbas, Gazi[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Evaluation of reproductive and renal toxicity of varenicline in male rats(Mashhad Univ Med Sciences, 2019) Oguz, Fatih; Beytur, Ali; Taslidere, Elif; Parlakpinar, Hakan; Oguz, Hilal Kurnaz; Polat, Alaaddin; Topcu, IbrahimObjective(s): Varenicline is a selective partial agonist for the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor a4b2 subtype, which is widely used to treat smoking addiction. However, there is still no data about its potential toxic effects on tissues. In this study, we aimed to determine the varenicline-induced toxicity on reproductive and renal tissues in rats. Materials and Methods: Rats were randomly divided into two groups: control (n=10) and varenicline (n=24). Then, rats in each group were sub-divided equally as acute and chronic groups. The control rats were orally given distilled water only. Varenicline was administrated orally as follows: 1st-3rd days 9 mu g/kg/day, 4th-7th days 9 mu g/kg twice daily, and 8th-90th days 18 mu g/kg twice daily. The rats of acute and chronic groups were sacrificed on the 45th and 90th days, respectively. Some tissue markers related to oxidative stress were measured, and sperm characteristics were observed. Results: In the acute group, varenicline led to a significant decrease in SOD activities in both kidney and testis tissues. In the chronic group, varenicline significantly increased MDA and MPO production, and reduced CAT and GPx levels in the kidneys and testes. Also, SOD and GSH levels significantly decreased in the testes. Moreover, sperm characteristics were negatively affected; histopathological deformation was observed in the testes and kidneys in all groups. Conclusion: This study showed that varenicline could detrimentally affect the kidneys and testes in both acute and chronic term usage. Further studies will provide more insights into the molecular dynamics of this damage.Öğe Mode of delivery changes oxidative and antioxidative properties of human milk: a prospective controlled clinical investigation(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Simsek, Yavuz; Karabiyik, Pinar; Polat, Kubra; Duran, Zeynep; Polat, AlaaddinObjective: To evaluate the influence of delivery mode on oxidative stress in human breast milk. Methods: Thirty-three women who delivered by vaginal birth and 55 women who underwent cesarean section (CS) were included in this study. Colostral samples were collected on the second day after delivery. Total antioxidative status (TAS), total oxidative status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), malonyldialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels were determined and compared. Results: Colostrum TAS was significantly higher in women of vaginal birth, than in women with CS (p<0.001). Milk TOS and OSI were found to be significantly increased in women with CS under general anesthesia. A marked increase in colostral GSH-Px levels after vaginal delivery was also noticed (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study revealed that vaginal birth is associated with decreased oxidative stress in colostrum than CS, which suggest that mode of delivery plays an important role in the antioxidative production of breast milk.Öğe Protective and therapeutic effects of dexpanthenol on isoproterenol-induced cardiac damage in rats(Wiley, 2018) Kalkan, Ferhat; Parlakpinar, Hakan; Disli, Olcay M.; Tanriverdi, Lokman H.; Ozhan, Onural; Polat, Alaaddin; Cetin, AsliThe purpose of the study was to explore the protective and therapeutic effects of dexpanthenol (DEX) on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac damage. Forty rats were distributed into four groups: group I (Control); group II (ISO); ISO (150mg/kg/day) was given to rats once a day for 2 consecutive days with an interval of 24h; group III (DEX+ISO): DEX (250mg/kg) was applied 30min before the first ISO administration and continued in the next two days after second ISO administration; group IV (ISO+DEX): After the ISO treatment at 1st and 2nd days, DEX was given at 3rd and 4th days. Rats were monitored for mean arterial blood pressure (BP), heart rate, oxygen saturation (%SO2), and electrocardiography (ECG). Heart tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), reduced glutathione (GSH), total oxidant status (TOS); total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidative stress index (OSI), and caspase-3 were determined. BP and SO2 values indicated a significant decrease in the ISO group. Also, T wave negativity was observed in 6 of 10 rats, SOD, CAT, and GPX levels were significantly lower in ISO group than control group. ISO administration increased TOS and OSI levels, whereas DEX treatment significantly reduced these parameters. Also, ISO-induced morphological alterations such as disorganization of cardiomyocytes, loss of myofibrils and cytoplasmic vacuolization whereas these histological damages were significantly decreased in ISO+DEX and DEX+ISO groups when compared to the ISO group. This study implies the cardioprotective effects of DEX on ISO-induced cardiotoxicity.Öğe Protective and therapeutic effects of dexpanthenol on isoproterenol-induced cardiac damage in rats(WILEY, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA, 2018) Kalkan, Ferhat; Parlakpinar, Hakan; Disli, Olcay M.; Tanriverdi, Lokman H.; Ozhan, Onural; Polat, Alaaddin; Cetin, Asli; Vardi, Nigar; Otlu, Yilmaz O.; Acet, AhmetThe purpose of the study was to explore the protective and therapeutic effects of dexpanthenol (DEX) on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac damage. Forty rats were distributed into four groups: group I (Control); group II (ISO); ISO (150mg/kg/day) was given to rats once a day for 2 consecutive days with an interval of 24h; group III (DEX+ISO): DEX (250mg/kg) was applied 30min before the first ISO administration and continued in the next two days after second ISO administration; group IV (ISO+DEX): After the ISO treatment at 1st and 2nd days, DEX was given at 3rd and 4th days. Rats were monitored for mean arterial blood pressure (BP), heart rate, oxygen saturation (%SO2), and electrocardiography (ECG). Heart tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), reduced glutathione (GSH), total oxidant status (TOS); total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidative stress index (OSI), and caspase-3 were determined. BP and SO2 values indicated a significant decrease in the ISO group. Also, T wave negativity was observed in 6 of 10 rats, SOD, CAT, and GPX levels were significantly lower in ISO group than control group. ISO administration increased TOS and OSI levels, whereas DEX treatment significantly reduced these parameters. Also, ISO-induced morphological alterations such as disorganization of cardiomyocytes, loss of myofibrils and cytoplasmic vacuolization whereas these histological damages were significantly decreased in ISO+DEX and DEX+ISO groups when compared to the ISO group. This study implies the cardioprotective effects of DEX on ISO-induced cardiotoxicity.Öğe The Protective Effect of Apocynin on Testicular Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2015) Ozbek, Ozkan; Altintas, Ramazan; Polat, Alaaddin; Vardi, Nigar; Parlakpinar, Hakan; Sagir, Mustafa; Duran, Zeynep RumeysaPurpose: We investigated the protective effect of the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin on testicular damage induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Materials and Methods: A total of 32 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. Controls underwent left scrotal exploration only. The 3 groups with ischemia-reperfusion underwent 4-hour torsion followed by 1-hour detorsion. The ischemia-reperfusion only group underwent left testicular torsion and detorsion. The ischemia-reperfusion plus saline group underwent left testicular torsion, received 10 ml/kg saline intraperitoneally at minute 210 of ischemia and then underwent detorsion. The ischemia-reperfusion plus apocynin group underwent left testicular torsion, received 20 mg/kg apocynin intraperitoneally at minute 210 of ischemia and then underwent detorsion. We determined histopathological findings and performed specific biochemical analyses. Results: In the ischemia-reperfusion only and the ischemia-reperfusion plus saline groups malondialdehyde, total oxidative capacity and the oxidative stress index were significantly higher. Superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione were significantly lower. Apocynin significantly decreased malondialdehyde, total oxidative capacity and the oxidative stress index, and significantly increased superoxide dismutase and catalase. There was a significantly increase in the number of giant, degenerated and desquamated cells in the ischemia-reperfusion group. Apocynin significantly improved these histological alterations. Conclusions: These histopathological and biochemical findings show the beneficial effects of apocynin on testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury.Öğe Protective effects of melatonin and B-D-glucan against acetaminophen toxicity in rats(2016) Aydoğan, Mustafa Said; Polat, Alaaddin; Vardı, Nigar; Erdoğan, M. Ali; Yücel, Aytaç; Yıldız, Azibe; Özgül, ÜlküThe aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effects of melatonin and ?-D-glucan against AA-induced liver injury in rats. Forty (Spraque-Dawley male) rats were randomly divided into 5 experimental groups: sham (S), acetaminophen only (AA, 900 mg/kg), melatonin (10 mg/kg) + AA (MLT), ?D-glucan (50 mg/kg) + AA (?), and melatonin + ?-D-glucan + AA (MLT+?) groups. All of the rats were killed on day 11 of the experiment. Histopathological changes and biochemical parameters including levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and liver tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were determined to assess the liver function. MDA levels were the highest in the AA group whereas activities of SOD, CAT, and GPx in the liver tissue were found as lowest in this group. MDA activities were significantly lower in the MLT+? group than in the AA group. Only GPx activities in the MLT+? group were significantly higher than those in the MLT and ? groups. The serum AST and ALT levels were increased significantly following treatment with AA (p < 0.001). Pretreatment with the antioxidant compounds decreased AST levels significantly but again, the levels were still significantly higher than the sham levels (p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in the microscopic damage between the S, MLT, ?, and MLT+? groups (p > 0.05). We concluded that combination of melatonin and ?-D-glucan may be attributed to scavenging free radicals and stimulating the antioxidant enzymes.Öğe Protective Effects of Molsidomine Against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity(Wroclaw Medical Univ, 2015) Karakoc, Habib T. E.; Altintas, Ramazan; Parlakpinar, Hakan; Polat, Alaaddin; Samdanci, Emine; Sagir, Mustafa; Duran, Zeynep R.Background. Cisplatin, an effective chemotherapeutic agent, is used for the treatment of several types of cancers. However, cisplatin has some severe side effects such as nephrotoxicity. On the other hand, molsidomine, a NO donor, has anti-oxidative and vasodilator effects. Objectives. The aim of this study was to estimate the protective effects of molsidomine on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Material and Methods. Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into 4 groups as follows: (1) control; (2) received a single-dose intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 5 mg/kg cisplatin; (3) received single i.p. dose of molsidomine (4 mg/kg/day) for 3 consecutive days before cisplatin treatment; (4) received single i.p. dose of molsidomine (4 mg/kg/day) for 3 consecutive days. The specific biochemical markers, including antioxidants, and the histopathological alterations were evaluated. Results. Cisplatin significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels and decreased glutathione peroxidase (GPX) level. Molsidomine significantly decreased MPO level nearly to control level; however, its ameliorating effects on MDA, SOD, CAT and GPX did not reach to significant levels. Cisplatin-induced elevation of blood-urea-nitrogen and serum-creatinine were diminished after molsidomine administration. Cisplatin also induced severe tubular degeneration, nuclear condensation, apoptosis and scattered patchy inflammation in the histological examination. Molsidomine improved all of these histological damages. Conclusions. In this study, the beneficial effect of molsidomine against cisplatin nephrotoxicity has been evaluated for the first time.
