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    Breaking of apricot pits by using a mechanical system
    (Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2007) Polat R.; Aktas T.; Gezer I.; Atay U.; Bilim H.I.C.
    The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of heating process and warping effect on breaking of apricot pits and obtaining of its kernel without damage. For this aim, heating process (350°C) was applied to apricot pits. Heated pits were fallen onto the rotating disc and they were warped to warping wall by centrifuge effect. Warping velocity was adjusted by changing of rotating disc revolution that was driven by an electric engine. Three different disc revolution namely 400, 500 and 600 min-1 and 4 different moisture contents of apricot pits namely 6.7, 15.5, 22.2 and 31.5% were used in the experiments. As a result, it was found that increasing of moisture content was increased amount of breaking and also sound kernel ratio. Increasing of disc revolution increased ratio of damaged kernel. The highest breaking amount was determined for experiment with heated pits that had 31.5% moisture content and warped with 400 min-1 disk revolution. © 2007 Asian Network for Scientific Information.
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    Mechanical harvesting of almond with an inertia type limb shaker
    (Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2007) Polat R.; Güner M.; Dursun E.; Erdogan D.; Gezer I.; Cem Bilim H.I.
    An inertia type limb shaker were developed to mechanically harvest of tree fruits. The shaker, hydraulically powered and driven by the tractor power take off, was used for mechanical harvesting of almond. The study included optimum frequency and amplitude to obtain maximum fruit removal percentage, harvesting rate of the shaker. Harvesting rate was calculated by weighing both the harvested and unharvested almonds. In the tests the limbs of trees were shaken at 40 and 50 mm amplitude of the connecting rod attached to the crankshaft and 10, 15, 20 Hz frequencies. The results were analysed according to the maximum fruit removal percentage. Shaking time was 10 s for all of the frequency and amplitude tests. Maximum fruit removal (97 and 100%) was achieved by operating the shaker at amplitude of 50 mm and a frequency of 15 and 20 Hz. Therefore it can be suggested an amplitude of 50 mm and a frequency of 20 Hz for mechanical harvesting of almond. Moreover, the appropriate harvesting time for nonpearl variety of almond was found the second week of August. Because, the ratio of Fruit Detachament Force (FDF) to Weight (W) at different maturity times was found 1.8 N/g at the second week of August. © 2007 Asian Network for Scientific Information.