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    The Management Practices and Microbiological Quality of a Dairy Farm with Low Bulk Tank Milk Somatic Cell Count
    (Univ Agriculture, Fac Veterinary Science, 2017) Risvanli, Ali; Seker, Ibrahim; Saat, Nevzat; Karagulle, Burcu; Koseman, Abdurrahman; Kaygusuzoglu, Erdal
    In this study, we present the management practices and microbiological quality of a dairy farm with low bulk tank milk somatic cell count (BTMSCC). In the mentioned farm, BTMSCC was generally <150,000 cells/mL. BTMSCC per day and bulk tank milk (BTM) microbiological analysis per week were carried out during one year. Weekly animal and udder health controls and management evaluations were performed; the somatic cell counts (SCCs) of the milk samples collected in only 21 weeks of the year were over 150,000 cells/mL but this value was never over 320,000 cells/mL in the herd. When the management practices of the weeks with high BTMSCC were evaluated, negative conditions including changes of paddocks of the animals and estrus synchronization were detected. In the samples taken from the milk collection tank for a total of 22 weeks, microbiological isolation occurred; the most common bacterium was Escherichia coli. Udder hygiene, barn hygiene, the cleanliness of the beddings, the care of the employees toward their work and personal hygiene, and disinfection of the milking machines and their maintenance were all very good for the whole year. During the weekly routine controls, clinical mastitis and teat stenosis were detected twice and once, respectively; however, in those 3 weeks, BTMSCC increased in only the week that the teat stenosis was observed. We observed that, even in farms with intense precautions, BTMSCC may increase and microbiological growth may occur in BTM. To ensure that these situations do not become permanent, these precautions should be applied continuously. (C) 2017 PVJ. All rights reserved
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    Optimization of the Estrus Synchronization Method and its Effect on Bulk Tank Milk Somatic Cell Count in Dairy Cattle Farming
    (Friends Science Publ, 2017) Saat, Nevzat; Risvanli, Ali; Seker, Ibrahim; Kaygusuzoglu, Erdal; Koseman, Abdurrahman
    Effect of various estrus synchronization methods on bulk tank milk somatic cell count (BTMSCC) was investigated. One-hundred Simmental cows within a single dairy farm were randomized into four equal groups: no treatment (Group 1, control group); application of a progesterone-releasing intravaginal device (Group 2); administration of double-dose prostaglandin F-2 alpha (PGF(2)-alpha) with an 11-day interval (Group 3); and subjected to the Ovsynch protocol (Group 4). Bulk tank milk (BTM) samples were collected daily for one month and BTMSCCs calculated. Progesterone and estradiol concentrations were also measured at 3-day intervals. BTMSCC of the Ovsynch protocol group was not significantly different from that of the control group, suggestive of good udder health. Based on this finding, we propose that spontaneous estrus and the Ovsynch protocol are preferable methods for estrus synchronization than progesterone-releasing intravaginal device (PRID) and PGF(2)-alpha approaches. (C) 2017 Friends Science Publishers