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    The burden of scoliosis: a nationwide database study on demographics, incidence, and surgical rates
    (Springer, 2024) Saglam, Yavuz; Bingol, Izzet; Yasar, Niyazi Erdem; Dumlupinar, Ebru; Ata, Naim; Ulgu, M. Mahir; Birinci, Suayip
    Introduction Scoliosis is characterized as a three-dimensional deformity of the spine, affected by variety of factors, including biological, mechanical, hormonal, and genetics.Methods Our study's primary objective was to delineate the demographics, incidence, and prevalence of scoliosis from a nationwide perspective, analyze the surgical intervention rates, with the aim of offering more insightful guidance to orthopedic physicians. This nationwide cohort study was conducted from digital database for healthcare information management. Relevant population data, for children under 18 years old, was extracted from the official government census within the period of January 2015 to December 2022. Utilizing diagnostic code of M41 [Scoliosis] was used to define the patient pool from ICD-10. Demographic variables, type of operations (posterior only, anterior only, or combined), and complications were documented. Incidence and prevalence values were calculated using population figures and case numbers.Result There were 276,521 patients with an average incidence of 129 per 100,000. Frequency of females was 1.45 times greater than that of males (p < 0.001). A total of 10,417 surgeries were performed in 10,311 patients during the inspection period (3.8% of all cases). Posterior fusion was by far the most common surgical approach (n = 10.111; 97%) followed by anterior fusion (n = 200; 1,9%).Conclusions Our findings reveal a significant increase in the average incidence of scoliosis diagnosis, rising from 107 per 100,000 individuals in 2015 to 161 per 100,000 in 2022. Scoliosis now impacts an estimated 1.2% of children and adolescents in Turkey. The risk is 1.45 times higher in females than in males.
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    What is the reason for out-toeing gait on the injured side after surgical treatment of distal tibia physeal fractures?
    (2020) Batibay, Sefa Giray; Turkmen, Ismail; Yenigul, Ali Erkan; Saglam, Yavuz
    Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the cause of out-toeing gait pattern in children who underwent anatomic reduction and internal fixation for distal tibial physeal injury. Material and Methods: This IRB-approved, Level IV review study included traumatic distal tibia epiphyseal injury treated surgically at a single institution between 2010 and 2015. Patients were called back to return for additional follow-up. All clinical (foot progression angle-FPA, hip rotations, thigh foot angle-TFA) and radiological (distal tibial measurements) evaluations were done by 2 independent observers to assess inter- and intra-observer reliability using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Results: There were 38 patients with an average age of 11.4±3.8. There was a non-significant trend noted towards externally in FPA on the injured side. TFA was similar in both extremities (p: 0.56). Hip external rotation was significantly high in injured side, whereas hip internal rotation was similar. Hip external rotation was significantly high.Conclusion: Anatomic joint reduction is mandatory to prevent growth arrest and to maintain lower extremity alignment. Considering that there is no pathology of the hip and no radiologic signs of mal-alignment of the ankle, we think that hip external rotators may shortened due to post-operative resting position, which was ended up with out-toeing gait pattern on the injured side.